CppStd:content

C++11

C++14

C++17

C++20

C++23

[edit]

• Contents
  • List of Tables[tab]
  • List of Figures[fig]
  • 1 General[intro]
    • 1.1 Scope[intro.scope]
    • 1.2 Normative references[intro.refs]
    • 1.3 Terms and definitions[intro.defs]
      • 1.3.1 argument[defns.argument]
      • 1.3.2 argument[defns.argument.macro]
      • 1.3.3 argument[defns.argument.throw]
      • 1.3.4 argument[defns.argument.templ]
      • 1.3.5 conditionally-supported[defns.cond.supp]
      • 1.3.6 diagnostic message[defns.diagnostic]
      • 1.3.7 dynamic type[defns.dynamic.type]
      • 1.3.8 dynamic type[defns.dynamic.type.prvalue]
      • 1.3.9 ill-formed program[defns.ill.formed]
      • 1.3.10 implementation-defined behavior[defns.impl.defined]
      • 1.3.11 implementation limits[defns.impl.limits]
      • 1.3.12 locale-specific behavior[defns.locale.specific]
      • 1.3.13 multibyte character[defns.multibyte]
      • 1.3.14 parameter[defns.parameter]
      • 1.3.15 parameter[defns.parameter.macro]
      • 1.3.16 parameter[defns.parameter.templ]
      • 1.3.17 signature[defns.signature]
      • 1.3.18 signature[defns.signature.templ]
      • 1.3.19 signature[defns.signature.spec]
      • 1.3.20 signature[defns.signature.member]
      • 1.3.21 signature[defns.signature.member.templ]
      • 1.3.22 signature[defns.signature.member.spec]
      • 1.3.23 static type[defns.static.type]
      • 1.3.24 undefined behavior[defns.undefined]
      • 1.3.25 unspecified behavior[defns.unspecified]
      • 1.3.26 well-formed program[defns.well.formed]
    • 1.4 Implementation compliance[intro.compliance]
    • 1.5 Structure of this International Standard[intro.structure]
    • 1.6 Syntax notation[syntax]
    • 1.7 The C++ memory model[intro.memory]
    • 1.8 The C++ object model[intro.object]
    • 1.9 Program execution[intro.execution]
    • 1.10 Multi-threaded executions and data races[intro.multithread]
    • 1.11 Acknowledgments[intro.ack]
  • 2 Lexical conventions[lex]
    • 2.1 Separate translation[lex.separate]
    • 2.2 Phases of translation[lex.phases]
    • 2.3 Character sets[lex.charset]
    • 2.4 Trigraph sequences[lex.trigraph]
    • 2.5 Preprocessing tokens[lex.pptoken]
    • 2.6 Alternative tokens[lex.digraph]
    • 2.7 Tokens[lex.token]
    • 2.8 Comments[lex.comment]
    • 2.9 Header names[lex.header]
    • 2.10 Preprocessing numbers[lex.ppnumber]
    • 2.11 Identifiers[lex.name]
    • 2.12 Keywords[lex.key]
    • 2.13 Operators and punctuators[lex.operators]
    • 2.14 Literals[lex.literal]
      • 2.14.1 Kinds of literals[lex.literal.kinds]
      • 2.14.2 Integer literals[lex.icon]
      • 2.14.3 Character literals[lex.ccon]
      • 2.14.4 Floating literals[lex.fcon]
      • 2.14.5 String literals[lex.string]
      • 2.14.6 Boolean literals[lex.bool]
      • 2.14.7 Pointer literals[lex.nullptr]
      • 2.14.8 User-defined literals[lex.ext]
  • 3 Basic concepts[basic]
    • 3.1 Declarations and definitions[basic.def]
    • 3.2 One definition rule[basic.def.odr]
    • 3.3 Scope[basic.scope]
      • 3.3.1 Declarative regions and scopes[basic.scope.declarative]
      • 3.3.2 Point of declaration[basic.scope.pdecl]
      • 3.3.3 Block scope[basic.scope.local]
      • 3.3.4 Function prototype scope[basic.scope.proto]
      • 3.3.5 Function scope[basic.funscope]
      • 3.3.6 Namespace scope[basic.scope.namespace]
      • 3.3.7 Class scope[basic.scope.class]
      • 3.3.8 Enumeration scope[basic.scope.enum]
      • 3.3.9 Template parameter scope[basic.scope.temp]
      • 3.3.10 Name hiding[basic.scope.hiding]
    • 3.4 Name lookup[basic.lookup]
      • 3.4.1 Unqualified name lookup[basic.lookup.unqual]
      • 3.4.2 Argument-dependent name lookup[basic.lookup.argdep]
      • 3.4.3 Qualified name lookup[basic.lookup.qual]
        • 3.4.3.1 Class members[class.qual]
        • 3.4.3.2 Namespace members[namespace.qual]
      • 3.4.4 Elaborated type specifiers[basic.lookup.elab]
      • 3.4.5 Class member access[basic.lookup.classref]
      • 3.4.6 Using-directives and namespace aliases[basic.lookup.udir]
    • 3.5 Program and linkage[basic.link]
    • 3.6 Start and termination[basic.start]
      • 3.6.1 Main function[basic.start.main]
      • 3.6.2 Initialization of non-local variables[basic.start.init]
      • 3.6.3 Termination[basic.start.term]
    • 3.7 Storage duration[basic.stc]
      • 3.7.1 Static storage duration[basic.stc.static]
      • 3.7.2 Thread storage duration[basic.stc.thread]
      • 3.7.3 Automatic storage duration[basic.stc.auto]
      • 3.7.4 Dynamic storage duration[basic.stc.dynamic]
        • 3.7.4.1 Allocation functions[basic.stc.dynamic.allocation]
        • 3.7.4.2 Deallocation functions[basic.stc.dynamic.deallocation]
        • 3.7.4.3 Safely-derived pointers[basic.stc.dynamic.safety]
      • 3.7.5 Duration of subobjects[basic.stc.inherit]
    • 3.8 Object lifetime[basic.life]
    • 3.9 Types[basic.types]
      • 3.9.1 Fundamental types[basic.fundamental]
      • 3.9.2 Compound types[basic.compound]
      • 3.9.3 CV-qualifiers[basic.type.qualifier]
    • 3.10 Lvalues and rvalues[basic.lval]
    • 3.11 Alignment[basic.align]
  • 4 Standard conversions[conv]
    • 4.1 Lvalue-to-rvalue conversion[conv.lval]
    • 4.2 Array-to-pointer conversion[conv.array]
    • 4.3 Function-to-pointer conversion[conv.func]
    • 4.4 Qualification conversions[conv.qual]
    • 4.5 Integral promotions[conv.prom]
    • 4.6 Floating point promotion[conv.fpprom]
    • 4.7 Integral conversions[conv.integral]
    • 4.8 Floating point conversions[conv.double]
    • 4.9 Floating-integral conversions[conv.fpint]
    • 4.10 Pointer conversions[conv.ptr]
    • 4.11 Pointer to member conversions[conv.mem]
    • 4.12 Boolean conversions[conv.bool]
    • 4.13 Integer conversion rank[conv.rank]
  • 5 Expressions[expr]
    • 5.1 Primary expressions[expr.prim]
      • 5.1.1 General[expr.prim.general]
      • 5.1.2 Lambda expressions[expr.prim.lambda]
    • 5.2 Postfix expressions[expr.post]
      • 5.2.1 Subscripting[expr.sub]
      • 5.2.2 Function call[expr.call]
      • 5.2.3 Explicit type conversion (functional notation)[expr.type.conv]
      • 5.2.4 Pseudo destructor call[expr.pseudo]
      • 5.2.5 Class member access[expr.ref]
      • 5.2.6 Increment and decrement[expr.post.incr]
      • 5.2.7 Dynamic cast[expr.dynamic.cast]
      • 5.2.8 Type identification[expr.typeid]
      • 5.2.9 Static cast[expr.static.cast]
      • 5.2.10 Reinterpret cast[expr.reinterpret.cast]
      • 5.2.11 Const cast[expr.const.cast]
    • 5.3 Unary expressions[expr.unary]
      • 5.3.1 Unary operators[expr.unary.op]
      • 5.3.2 Increment and decrement[expr.pre.incr]
      • 5.3.3 Sizeof[expr.sizeof]
      • 5.3.4 New[expr.new]
      • 5.3.5 Delete[expr.delete]
      • 5.3.6 Alignof[expr.alignof]
      • 5.3.7 noexcept operator[expr.unary.noexcept]
    • 5.4 Explicit type conversion (cast notation)[expr.cast]
    • 5.5 Pointer-to-member operators[expr.mptr.oper]
    • 5.6 Multiplicative operators[expr.mul]
    • 5.7 Additive operators[expr.add]
    • 5.8 Shift operators[expr.shift]
    • 5.9 Relational operators[expr.rel]
    • 5.10 Equality operators[expr.eq]
    • 5.11 Bitwise AND operator[expr.bit.and]
    • 5.12 Bitwise exclusive OR operator[expr.xor]
    • 5.13 Bitwise inclusive OR operator[expr.or]
    • 5.14 Logical AND operator[expr.log.and]
    • 5.15 Logical OR operator[expr.log.or]
    • 5.16 Conditional operator[expr.cond]
    • 5.17 Assignment and compound assignment operators[expr.ass]
    • 5.18 Comma operator[expr.comma]
    • 5.19 Constant expressions[expr.const]
  • 6 Statements[stmt.stmt]
    • 6.1 Labeled statement[stmt.label]
    • 6.2 Expression statement[stmt.expr]
    • 6.3 Compound statement or block[stmt.block]
    • 6.4 Selection statements[stmt.select]
      • 6.4.1 The if statement[stmt.if]
      • 6.4.2 The switch statement[stmt.switch]
    • 6.5 Iteration statements[stmt.iter]
      • 6.5.1 The while statement[stmt.while]
      • 6.5.2 The do statement[stmt.do]
      • 6.5.3 The for statement[stmt.for]
      • 6.5.4 The range-based for statement[stmt.ranged]
    • 6.6 Jump statements[stmt.jump]
      • 6.6.1 The break statement[stmt.break]
      • 6.6.2 The continue statement[stmt.cont]
      • 6.6.3 The return statement[stmt.return]
      • 6.6.4 The goto statement[stmt.goto]
    • 6.7 Declaration statement[stmt.dcl]
    • 6.8 Ambiguity resolution[stmt.ambig]
  • 7 Declarations[dcl.dcl]
    • 7.1 Specifiers[dcl.spec]
      • 7.1.1 Storage class specifiers[dcl.stc]
      • 7.1.2 Function specifiers[dcl.fct.spec]
      • 7.1.3 The typedef specifier[dcl.typedef]
      • 7.1.4 The friend specifier[dcl.friend]
      • 7.1.5 The constexpr specifier[dcl.constexpr]
      • 7.1.6 Type specifiers[dcl.type]
        • 7.1.6.1 The cv-qualifiers[dcl.type.cv]
        • 7.1.6.2 Simple type specifiers[dcl.type.simple]
        • 7.1.6.3 Elaborated type specifiers[dcl.type.elab]
        • 7.1.6.4 auto specifier[dcl.spec.auto]
    • 7.2 Enumeration declarations[dcl.enum]
    • 7.3 Namespaces[basic.namespace]
      • 7.3.1 Namespace definition[namespace.def]
        • 7.3.1.1 Unnamed namespaces[namespace.unnamed]
        • 7.3.1.2 Namespace member definitions[namespace.memdef]
      • 7.3.2 Namespace alias[namespace.alias]
      • 7.3.3 The using declaration[namespace.udecl]
      • 7.3.4 Using directive[namespace.udir]
    • 7.4 The asm declaration[dcl.asm]
    • 7.5 Linkage specifications[dcl.link]
    • 7.6 Attributes[dcl.attr]
      • 7.6.1 Attribute syntax and semantics[dcl.attr.grammar]
      • 7.6.2 Alignment specifier[dcl.align]
      • 7.6.3 Noreturn attribute[dcl.attr.noreturn]
      • 7.6.4 Carries dependency attribute[dcl.attr.depend]
  • 8 Declarators[dcl.decl]
    • 8.1 Type names[dcl.name]
    • 8.2 Ambiguity resolution[dcl.ambig.res]
    • 8.3 Meaning of declarators[dcl.meaning]
      • 8.3.1 Pointers[dcl.ptr]
      • 8.3.2 References[dcl.ref]
      • 8.3.3 Pointers to members[dcl.mptr]
      • 8.3.4 Arrays[dcl.array]
      • 8.3.5 Functions[dcl.fct]
      • 8.3.6 Default arguments[dcl.fct.default]
    • 8.4 Function definitions[dcl.fct.def]
      • 8.4.1 In general[dcl.fct.def.general]
      • 8.4.2 Explicitly-defaulted functions[dcl.fct.def.default]
      • 8.4.3 Deleted definitions[dcl.fct.def.delete]
    • 8.5 Initializers[dcl.init]
      • 8.5.1 Aggregates[dcl.init.aggr]
      • 8.5.2 Character arrays[dcl.init.string]
      • 8.5.3 References[dcl.init.ref]
      • 8.5.4 List-initialization[dcl.init.list]
  • 9 Classes[class]
    • 9.1 Class names[class.name]
    • 9.2 Class members[class.mem]
    • 9.3 Member functions[class.mfct]
      • 9.3.1 Nonstatic member functions[class.mfct.non-static]
      • 9.3.2 The this pointer[class.this]
    • 9.4 Static members[class.static]
      • 9.4.1 Static member functions[class.static.mfct]
      • 9.4.2 Static data members[class.static.data]
    • 9.5 Unions[class.union]
    • 9.6 Bit-fields[class.bit]
    • 9.7 Nested class declarations[class.nest]
    • 9.8 Local class declarations[class.local]
    • 9.9 Nested type names[class.nested.type]
  • 10 Derived classes[class.derived]
    • 10.1 Multiple base classes[class.mi]
    • 10.2 Member name lookup[class.member.lookup]
    • 10.3 Virtual functions[class.virtual]
    • 10.4 Abstract classes[class.abstract]
  • 11 Member access control[class.access]
    • 11.1 Access specifiers[class.access.spec]
    • 11.2 Accessibility of base classes and base class members[class.access.base]
    • 11.3 Friends[class.friend]
    • 11.4 Protected member access[class.protected]
    • 11.5 Access to virtual functions[class.access.virt]
    • 11.6 Multiple access[class.paths]
    • 11.7 Nested classes[class.access.nest]
  • 12 Special member functions[special]
    • 12.1 Constructors[class.ctor]
    • 12.2 Temporary objects[class.temporary]
    • 12.3 Conversions[class.conv]
      • 12.3.1 Conversion by constructor[class.conv.ctor]
      • 12.3.2 Conversion functions[class.conv.fct]
    • 12.4 Destructors[class.dtor]
    • 12.5 Free store[class.free]
    • 12.6 Initialization[class.init]
      • 12.6.1 Explicit initialization[class.expl.init]
      • 12.6.2 Initializing bases and members[class.base.init]
    • 12.7 Construction and destruction[class.cdtor]
    • 12.8 Copying and moving class objects[class.copy]
    • 12.9 Inheriting constructors[class.inhctor]
  • 13 Overloading[over]
    • 13.1 Overloadable declarations[over.load]
    • 13.2 Declaration matching[over.dcl]
    • 13.3 Overload resolution[over.match]
      • 13.3.1 Candidate functions and argument lists[over.match.funcs]
        • 13.3.1.1 Function call syntax[over.match.call]
          • 13.3.1.1.1 Call to named function[over.call.func]
          • 13.3.1.1.2 Call to object of class type[over.call.object]
        • 13.3.1.2 Operators in expressions[over.match.oper]
        • 13.3.1.3 Initialization by constructor[over.match.ctor]
        • 13.3.1.4 Copy-initialization of class by user-defined conversion[over.match.copy]
        • 13.3.1.5 Initialization by conversion function[over.match.conv]
        • 13.3.1.6 Initialization by conversion function for direct reference binding[over.match.ref]
        • 13.3.1.7 Initialization by list-initialization[over.match.list]
      • 13.3.2 Viable functions[over.match.viable]
      • 13.3.3 Best viable function[over.match.best]
        • 13.3.3.1 Implicit conversion sequences[over.best.ics]
          • 13.3.3.1.1 Standard conversion sequences[over.ics.scs]
          • 13.3.3.1.2 User-defined conversion sequences[over.ics.user]
          • 13.3.3.1.3 Ellipsis conversion sequences[over.ics.ellipsis]
          • 13.3.3.1.4 Reference binding[over.ics.ref]
          • 13.3.3.1.5 List-initialization sequence[over.ics.list]
        • 13.3.3.2 Ranking implicit conversion sequences[over.ics.rank]
    • 13.4 Address of overloaded function[over.over]
    • 13.5 Overloaded operators[over.oper]
      • 13.5.1 Unary operators[over.unary]
      • 13.5.2 Binary operators[over.binary]
      • 13.5.3 Assignment[over.ass]
      • 13.5.4 Function call[over.call]
      • 13.5.5 Subscripting[over.sub]
      • 13.5.6 Class member access[over.ref]
      • 13.5.7 Increment and decrement[over.inc]
      • 13.5.8 User-defined literals[over.literal]
    • 13.6 Built-in operators[over.built]
  • 14 Templates[temp]
    • 14.1 Template parameters[temp.param]
    • 14.2 Names of template specializations[temp.names]
    • 14.3 Template arguments[temp.arg]
      • 14.3.1 Template type arguments[temp.arg.type]
      • 14.3.2 Template non-type arguments[temp.arg.nontype]
      • 14.3.3 Template template arguments[temp.arg.template]
    • 14.4 Type equivalence[temp.type]
    • 14.5 Template declarations[temp.decls]
      • 14.5.1 Class templates[temp.class]
        • 14.5.1.1 Member functions of class templates[temp.mem.func]
        • 14.5.1.2 Member classes of class templates[temp.mem.class]
        • 14.5.1.3 Static data members of class templates[temp.static]
        • 14.5.1.4 Enumeration members of class templates[temp.mem.enum]
      • 14.5.2 Member templates[temp.mem]
      • 14.5.3 Variadic templates[temp.variadic]
      • 14.5.4 Friends[temp.friend]
      • 14.5.5 Class template partial specializations[temp.class.spec]
        • 14.5.5.1 Matching of class template partial specializations[temp.class.spec.match]
        • 14.5.5.2 Partial ordering of class template specializations[temp.class.order]
        • 14.5.5.3 Members of class template specializations[temp.class.spec.mfunc]
      • 14.5.6 Function templates[temp.fct]
        • 14.5.6.1 Function template overloading[temp.over.link]
        • 14.5.6.2 Partial ordering of function templates[temp.func.order]
      • 14.5.7 Alias templates[temp.alias]
    • 14.6 Name resolution[temp.res]
      • 14.6.1 Locally declared names[temp.local]
      • 14.6.2 Dependent names[temp.dep]
        • 14.6.2.1 Dependent types[temp.dep.type]
        • 14.6.2.2 Type-dependent expressions[temp.dep.expr]
        • 14.6.2.3 Value-dependent expressions[temp.dep.constexpr]
        • 14.6.2.4 Dependent template arguments[temp.dep.temp]
      • 14.6.3 Non-dependent names[temp.nondep]
      • 14.6.4 Dependent name resolution[temp.dep.res]
        • 14.6.4.1 Point of instantiation[temp.point]
        • 14.6.4.2 Candidate functions[temp.dep.candidate]
      • 14.6.5 Friend names declared within a class template[temp.inject]
    • 14.7 Template instantiation and specialization[temp.spec]
      • 14.7.1 Implicit instantiation[temp.inst]
      • 14.7.2 Explicit instantiation[temp.explicit]
      • 14.7.3 Explicit specialization[temp.expl.spec]
    • 14.8 Function template specializations[temp.fct.spec]
      • 14.8.1 Explicit template argument specification[temp.arg.explicit]
      • 14.8.2 Template argument deduction[temp.deduct]
        • 14.8.2.1 Deducing template arguments from a function call[temp.deduct.call]
        • 14.8.2.2 Deducing template arguments taking the address of a function template[temp.deduct.funcaddr]
        • 14.8.2.3 Deducing conversion function template arguments[temp.deduct.conv]
        • 14.8.2.4 Deducing template arguments during partial ordering[temp.deduct.partial]
        • 14.8.2.5 Deducing template arguments from a type[temp.deduct.type]
        • 14.8.2.6 Deducing template arguments from a function declaration[temp.deduct.decl]
      • 14.8.3 Overload resolution[temp.over]
  • 15 Exception handling[except]
    • 15.1 Throwing an exception[except.throw]
    • 15.2 Constructors and destructors[except.ctor]
    • 15.3 Handling an exception[except.handle]
    • 15.4 Exception specifications[except.spec]
    • 15.5 Special functions[except.special]
      • 15.5.1 The std::terminate() function[except.terminate]
      • 15.5.2 The std::unexpected() function[except.unexpected]
      • 15.5.3 The std::uncaught_exception() function[except.uncaught]
  • 16 Preprocessing directives[cpp]
    • 16.1 Conditional inclusion[cpp.cond]
    • 16.2 Source file inclusion[cpp.include]
    • 16.3 Macro replacement[cpp.replace]
      • 16.3.1 Argument substitution[cpp.subst]
      • 16.3.2 The # operator[cpp.stringize]
      • 16.3.3 The ## operator[cpp.concat]
      • 16.3.4 Rescanning and further replacement[cpp.rescan]
      • 16.3.5 Scope of macro definitions[cpp.scope]
    • 16.4 Line control[cpp.line]
    • 16.5 Error directive[cpp.error]
    • 16.6 Pragma directive[cpp.pragma]
    • 16.7 Null directive[cpp.null]
    • 16.8 Predefined macro names[cpp.predefined]
    • 16.9 Pragma operator[cpp.pragma.op]
  • 17 Library introduction[library]
    • 17.1 General[library.general]
    • 17.2 The C standard library[library.c]
    • 17.3 Definitions[definitions]
      • 17.3.1 arbitrary-positional stream[defns.arbitrary.stream]
      • 17.3.2 block[defns.block]
      • 17.3.3 blocked thread[defns.blocked]
      • 17.3.4 character[defns.character]
      • 17.3.5 character container type[defns.character.container]
      • 17.3.6 comparison function[defns.comparison]
      • 17.3.7 component[defns.component]
      • 17.3.8 deadlock[defns.deadlock]
      • 17.3.9 default behavior[defns.default.behavior.impl]
      • 17.3.10 default behavior[defns.default.behavior.func]
      • 17.3.11 handler function[defns.handler]
      • 17.3.12 iostream class templates[defns.iostream.templates]
      • 17.3.13 modifier function[defns.modifier]
      • 17.3.14 move construction[defns.move.constr]
      • 17.3.15 move assignment[defns.move.assign]
      • 17.3.16 object state[defns.obj.state]
      • 17.3.17 NTCTS[defns.ntcts]
      • 17.3.18 observer function[defns.observer]
      • 17.3.19 replacement function[defns.replacement]
      • 17.3.20 repositional stream[defns.repositional.stream]
      • 17.3.21 required behavior[defns.required.behavior]
      • 17.3.22 reserved function[defns.reserved.function]
      • 17.3.23 stable algorithm[defns.stable]
      • 17.3.24 traits class[defns.traits]
      • 17.3.25 unblock[defns.unblock]
      • 17.3.26 valid but unspecified state[defns.valid]
    • 17.4 Additional definitions[defns.additional]
    • 17.5 Method of description (Informative)[description]
      • 17.5.1 Structure of each clause[structure]
        • 17.5.1.1 Elements[structure.elements]
        • 17.5.1.2 Summary[structure.summary]
        • 17.5.1.3 Requirements[structure.requirements]
        • 17.5.1.4 Detailed specifications[structure.specifications]
        • 17.5.1.5 C library[structure.see.also]
      • 17.5.2 Other conventions[conventions]
        • 17.5.2.1 Type descriptions[type.descriptions]
          • 17.5.2.1.1 General[type.descriptions.general]
          • 17.5.2.1.2 Enumerated types[enumerated.types]
          • 17.5.2.1.3 Bitmask types[bitmask.types]
          • 17.5.2.1.4 Character sequences[character.seq]
            • 17.5.2.1.4.1 Byte strings[byte.strings]
            • 17.5.2.1.4.2 Multibyte strings[multibyte.strings]
        • 17.5.2.2 Functions within classes[functions.within.classes]
        • 17.5.2.3 Private members[objects.within.classes]
    • 17.6 Library-wide requirements[requirements]
      • 17.6.1 Library contents and organization[organization]
        • 17.6.1.1 Library contents[contents]
        • 17.6.1.2 Headers[headers]
        • 17.6.1.3 Freestanding implementations[compliance]
      • 17.6.2 Using the library[using]
        • 17.6.2.1 Overview[using.overview]
        • 17.6.2.2 Headers[using.headers]
        • 17.6.2.3 Linkage[using.linkage]
      • 17.6.3 Requirements on types and expressions[utility.requirements]
        • 17.6.3.1 Template argument requirements[utility.arg.requirements]
        • 17.6.3.2 Swappable requirements[swappable.requirements]
        • 17.6.3.3 NullablePointer requirements[nullablepointer.requirements]
        • 17.6.3.4 Hash requirements[hash.requirements]
        • 17.6.3.5 Allocator requirements[allocator.requirements]
      • 17.6.4 Constraints on programs[constraints]
        • 17.6.4.1 Overview[constraints.overview]
        • 17.6.4.2 Namespace use[namespace.constraints]
          • 17.6.4.2.1 Namespace std[namespace.std]
          • 17.6.4.2.2 Namespace posix[namespace.posix]
        • 17.6.4.3 Reserved names[reserved.names]
          • 17.6.4.3.1 Macro names[macro.names]
          • 17.6.4.3.2 Global names[global.names]
          • 17.6.4.3.3 External linkage[extern.names]
          • 17.6.4.3.4 Types[extern.types]
          • 17.6.4.3.5 User-defined literal suffixes[usrlit.suffix]
        • 17.6.4.4 Headers[alt.headers]
        • 17.6.4.5 Derived classes[derived.classes]
        • 17.6.4.6 Replacement functions[replacement.functions]
        • 17.6.4.7 Handler functions[handler.functions]
        • 17.6.4.8 Other functions[res.on.functions]
        • 17.6.4.9 Function arguments[res.on.arguments]
        • 17.6.4.10 Shared objects and the library[res.on.objects]
        • 17.6.4.11 Requires paragraph[res.on.required]
      • 17.6.5 Conforming implementations[conforming]
        • 17.6.5.1 Overview[conforming.overview]
        • 17.6.5.2 Headers[res.on.headers]
        • 17.6.5.3 Restrictions on macro definitions[res.on.macro.definitions]
        • 17.6.5.4 Global and non-member functions[global.functions]
        • 17.6.5.5 Member functions[member.functions]
        • 17.6.5.6 constexpr functions and constructors[constexpr.functions]
        • 17.6.5.7 Requirements for stable algorithms[algorithm.stable]
        • 17.6.5.8 Reentrancy[reentrancy]
        • 17.6.5.9 Data race avoidance[res.on.data.races]
        • 17.6.5.10 Protection within classes[protection.within.classes]
        • 17.6.5.11 Derived classes[derivation]
        • 17.6.5.12 Restrictions on exception handling[res.on.exception.handling]
        • 17.6.5.13 Restrictions on storage of pointers[res.on.pointer.storage]
        • 17.6.5.14 Value of error codes[value.error.codes]
        • 17.6.5.15 Moved-from state of library types[lib.types.movedfrom]
  • 18 Language support library[language.support]
    • 18.1 General[support.general]
    • 18.2 Types[support.types]
    • 18.3 Implementation properties[support.limits]
      • 18.3.1 In general[support.limits.general]
      • 18.3.2 Numeric limits[limits]
        • 18.3.2.1 Class template numeric_limits[limits.numeric]
        • 18.3.2.2 Header <limits> synopsis[limits.syn]
        • 18.3.2.3 Class template numeric_limits[numeric.limits]
        • 18.3.2.4 numeric_limits members[numeric.limits.members]
        • 18.3.2.5 Type float_round_style[round.style]
        • 18.3.2.6 Type float_denorm_style[denorm.style]
        • 18.3.2.7 numeric_limits specializations[numeric.special]
      • 18.3.3 C library[c.limits]
    • 18.4 Integer types[cstdint]
      • 18.4.1 Header <cstdint> synopsis[cstdint.syn]
    • 18.5 Start and termination[support.start.term]
    • 18.6 Dynamic memory management[support.dynamic]
      • 18.6.1 Storage allocation and deallocation[new.delete]
        • 18.6.1.1 Single-object forms[new.delete.single]
        • 18.6.1.2 Array forms[new.delete.array]
        • 18.6.1.3 Placement forms[new.delete.placement]
        • 18.6.1.4 Data races[new.delete.dataraces]
      • 18.6.2 Storage allocation errors[alloc.errors]
        • 18.6.2.1 Class bad_alloc[bad.alloc]
        • 18.6.2.2 Class bad_array_new_length[new.badlength]
        • 18.6.2.3 Type new_handler[new.handler]
        • 18.6.2.4 set_new_handler[set.new.handler]
        • 18.6.2.5 get_new_handler[get.new.handler]
    • 18.7 Type identification[support.rtti]
      • 18.7.1 Class type_info[type.info]
      • 18.7.2 Class bad_cast[bad.cast]
      • 18.7.3 Class bad_typeid[bad.typeid]
    • 18.8 Exception handling[support.exception]
      • 18.8.1 Class exception[exception]
      • 18.8.2 Class bad_exception[bad.exception]
      • 18.8.3 Abnormal termination[exception.terminate]
        • 18.8.3.1 Type terminate_handler[terminate.handler]
        • 18.8.3.2 set_terminate[set.terminate]
        • 18.8.3.3 get_terminate[get.terminate]
        • 18.8.3.4 terminate[terminate]
      • 18.8.4 uncaught_exception[uncaught]
      • 18.8.5 Exception propagation[propagation]
      • 18.8.6 nested_exception[except.nested]
    • 18.9 Initializer lists[support.initlist]
      • 18.9.1 Initializer list constructors[support.initlist.cons]
      • 18.9.2 Initializer list access[support.initlist.access]
      • 18.9.3 Initializer list range access[support.initlist.range]
    • 18.10 Other runtime support[support.runtime]
  • 19 Diagnostics library[diagnostics]
    • 19.1 General[diagnostics.general]
    • 19.2 Exception classes[std.exceptions]
      • 19.2.1 Class logic_error[logic.error]
      • 19.2.2 Class domain_error[domain.error]
      • 19.2.3 Class invalid_argument[invalid.argument]
      • 19.2.4 Class length_error[length.error]
      • 19.2.5 Class out_of_range[out.of.range]
      • 19.2.6 Class runtime_error[runtime.error]
      • 19.2.7 Class range_error[range.error]
      • 19.2.8 Class overflow_error[overflow.error]
      • 19.2.9 Class underflow_error[underflow.error]
    • 19.3 Assertions[assertions]
    • 19.4 Error numbers[errno]
    • 19.5 System error support[syserr]
      • 19.5.1 Class error_category[syserr.errcat]
        • 19.5.1.1 Class error_category overview[syserr.errcat.overview]
        • 19.5.1.2 Class error_category virtual members[syserr.errcat.virtuals]
        • 19.5.1.3 Class error_category non-virtual members[syserr.errcat.nonvirtuals]
        • 19.5.1.4 Program defined classes derived from error_category[syserr.errcat.derived]
        • 19.5.1.5 Error category objects[syserr.errcat.objects]
      • 19.5.2 Class error_code[syserr.errcode]
        • 19.5.2.1 Class error_code overview[syserr.errcode.overview]
        • 19.5.2.2 Class error_code constructors[syserr.errcode.constructors]
        • 19.5.2.3 Class error_code modifiers[syserr.errcode.modifiers]
        • 19.5.2.4 Class error_code observers[syserr.errcode.observers]
        • 19.5.2.5 Class error_code non-member functions[syserr.errcode.nonmembers]
      • 19.5.3 Class error_condition[syserr.errcondition]
        • 19.5.3.1 Class error_condition overview[syserr.errcondition.overview]
        • 19.5.3.2 Class error_condition constructors[syserr.errcondition.constructors]
        • 19.5.3.3 Class error_condition modifiers[syserr.errcondition.modifiers]
        • 19.5.3.4 Class error_condition observers[syserr.errcondition.observers]
        • 19.5.3.5 Class error_condition non-member functions[syserr.errcondition.nonmembers]
      • 19.5.4 Comparison operators[syserr.compare]
      • 19.5.5 System error hash support[syserr.hash]
      • 19.5.6 Class system_error[syserr.syserr]
        • 19.5.6.1 Class system_error overview[syserr.syserr.overview]
        • 19.5.6.2 Class system_error members[syserr.syserr.members]
  • 20 General utilities library[utilities]
    • 20.1 General[utilities.general]
    • 20.2 Utility components[utility]
      • 20.2.1 Operators[operators]
      • 20.2.2 swap[utility.swap]
      • 20.2.3 forward/move helpers[forward]
      • 20.2.4 Function template declval[declval]
    • 20.3 Pairs[pairs]
      • 20.3.1 In general[pairs.general]
      • 20.3.2 Class template pair[pairs.pair]
      • 20.3.3 Specialized algorithms[pairs.spec]
      • 20.3.4 Tuple-like access to pair[pair.astuple]
      • 20.3.5 Piecewise construction[pair.piecewise]
    • 20.4 Tuples[tuple]
      • 20.4.1 In general[tuple.general]
      • 20.4.2 Class template tuple[tuple.tuple]
        • 20.4.2.1 Construction[tuple.cnstr]
        • 20.4.2.2 Assignment[tuple.assign]
        • 20.4.2.3 swap[tuple.swap]
        • 20.4.2.4 Tuple creation functions[tuple.creation]
        • 20.4.2.5 Tuple helper classes[tuple.helper]
        • 20.4.2.6 Element access[tuple.elem]
        • 20.4.2.7 Relational operators[tuple.rel]
        • 20.4.2.8 Tuple traits[tuple.traits]
        • 20.4.2.9 Tuple specialized algorithms[tuple.special]
    • 20.5 Class template bitset[template.bitset]
      • 20.5.1 bitset constructors[bitset.cons]
      • 20.5.2 bitset members[bitset.members]
      • 20.5.3 bitset hash support[bitset.hash]
      • 20.5.4 bitset operators[bitset.operators]
    • 20.6 Memory[memory]
      • 20.6.1 In general[memory.general]
      • 20.6.2 Header <memory> synopsis[memory.syn]
      • 20.6.3 Pointer traits[pointer.traits]
        • 20.6.3.1 Pointer traits member types[pointer.traits.types]
        • 20.6.3.2 Pointer traits member functions[pointer.traits.functions]
      • 20.6.4 Pointer safety[util.dynamic.safety]
      • 20.6.5 Align[ptr.align]
      • 20.6.6 Allocator argument tag[allocator.tag]
      • 20.6.7 uses_allocator[allocator.uses]
        • 20.6.7.1 uses_allocator trait[allocator.uses.trait]
        • 20.6.7.2 uses-allocator construction[allocator.uses.construction]
      • 20.6.8 Allocator traits[allocator.traits]
        • 20.6.8.1 Allocator traits member types[allocator.traits.types]
        • 20.6.8.2 Allocator traits static member functions[allocator.traits.members]
      • 20.6.9 The default allocator[default.allocator]
        • 20.6.9.1 allocator members[allocator.members]
        • 20.6.9.2 allocator globals[allocator.globals]
      • 20.6.10 Raw storage iterator[storage.iterator]
      • 20.6.11 Temporary buffers[temporary.buffer]
      • 20.6.12 Specialized algorithms[specialized.algorithms]
        • 20.6.12.1 addressof[specialized.addressof]
        • 20.6.12.2 uninitialized_copy[uninitialized.copy]
        • 20.6.12.3 uninitialized_fill[uninitialized.fill]
        • 20.6.12.4 uninitialized_fill_n[uninitialized.fill.n]
      • 20.6.13 C library[c.malloc]
    • 20.7 Smart pointers[smartptr]
      • 20.7.1 Class template unique_ptr[unique.ptr]
        • 20.7.1.1 Default deleters[unique.ptr.dltr]
          • 20.7.1.1.1 In general[unique.ptr.dltr.general]
          • 20.7.1.1.2 default_delete[unique.ptr.dltr.dflt]
          • 20.7.1.1.3 default_delete<T[]>[unique.ptr.dltr.dflt1]
        • 20.7.1.2 unique_ptr for single objects[unique.ptr.single]
          • 20.7.1.2.1 unique_ptr constructors[unique.ptr.single.ctor]
          • 20.7.1.2.2 unique_ptr destructor[unique.ptr.single.dtor]
          • 20.7.1.2.3 unique_ptr assignment[unique.ptr.single.asgn]
          • 20.7.1.2.4 unique_ptr observers[unique.ptr.single.observers]
          • 20.7.1.2.5 unique_ptr modifiers[unique.ptr.single.modifiers]
        • 20.7.1.3 unique_ptr for array objects with a runtime length[unique.ptr.runtime]
          • 20.7.1.3.1 unique_ptr constructors[unique.ptr.runtime.ctor]
          • 20.7.1.3.2 unique_ptr observers[unique.ptr.runtime.observers]
          • 20.7.1.3.3 unique_ptr modifiers[unique.ptr.runtime.modifiers]
        • 20.7.1.4 unique_ptr specialized algorithms[unique.ptr.special]
      • 20.7.2 Shared-ownership pointers[util.smartptr]
        • 20.7.2.1 Class bad_weak_ptr[util.smartptr.weakptr]
        • 20.7.2.2 Class template shared_ptr[util.smartptr.shared]
          • 20.7.2.2.1 shared_ptr constructors[util.smartptr.shared.const]
          • 20.7.2.2.2 shared_ptr destructor[util.smartptr.shared.dest]
          • 20.7.2.2.3 shared_ptr assignment[util.smartptr.shared.assign]
          • 20.7.2.2.4 shared_ptr modifiers[util.smartptr.shared.mod]
          • 20.7.2.2.5 shared_ptr observers[util.smartptr.shared.obs]
          • 20.7.2.2.6 shared_ptr creation[util.smartptr.shared.create]
          • 20.7.2.2.7 shared_ptr comparison[util.smartptr.shared.cmp]
          • 20.7.2.2.8 shared_ptr specialized algorithms[util.smartptr.shared.spec]
          • 20.7.2.2.9 shared_ptr casts[util.smartptr.shared.cast]
          • 20.7.2.2.10 get_deleter[util.smartptr.getdeleter]
          • 20.7.2.2.11 shared_ptr I/O[util.smartptr.shared.io]
        • 20.7.2.3 Class template weak_ptr[util.smartptr.weak]
          • 20.7.2.3.1 weak_ptr constructors[util.smartptr.weak.const]
          • 20.7.2.3.2 weak_ptr destructor[util.smartptr.weak.dest]
          • 20.7.2.3.3 weak_ptr assignment[util.smartptr.weak.assign]
          • 20.7.2.3.4 weak_ptr modifiers[util.smartptr.weak.mod]
          • 20.7.2.3.5 weak_ptr observers[util.smartptr.weak.obs]
          • 20.7.2.3.6 weak_ptr specialized algorithms[util.smartptr.weak.spec]
          • 20.7.2.3.7 Class template owner_less[util.smartptr.ownerless]
        • 20.7.2.4 Class template enable_shared_from_this[util.smartptr.enab]
        • 20.7.2.5 shared_ptr atomic access[util.smartptr.shared.atomic]
        • 20.7.2.6 Smart pointer hash support[util.smartptr.hash]
    • 20.8 Function objects[function.objects]
      • 20.8.1 Definitions[func.def]
      • 20.8.2 Requirements[func.require]
      • 20.8.3 Class template reference_wrapper[refwrap]
        • 20.8.3.1 reference_wrapper construct/copy/destroy[refwrap.const]
        • 20.8.3.2 reference_wrapper assignment[refwrap.assign]
        • 20.8.3.3 reference_wrapper access[refwrap.access]
        • 20.8.3.4 reference_wrapper invocation[refwrap.invoke]
        • 20.8.3.5 reference_wrapper helper functions[refwrap.helpers]
      • 20.8.4 Arithmetic operations[arithmetic.operations]
      • 20.8.5 Comparisons[comparisons]
      • 20.8.6 Logical operations[logical.operations]
      • 20.8.7 Bitwise operations[bitwise.operations]
      • 20.8.8 Negators[negators]
      • 20.8.9 Function template bind[bind]
        • 20.8.9.1 Function object binders[func.bind]
          • 20.8.9.1.1 Class template is_bind_expression[func.bind.isbind]
          • 20.8.9.1.2 Function template bind[func.bind.bind]
          • 20.8.9.1.3 Placeholders[func.bind.place]
      • 20.8.10 Function template mem_fn[func.memfn]
      • 20.8.11 Polymorphic function wrappers[func.wrap]
        • 20.8.11.1 Class bad_function_call[func.wrap.badcall]
          • 20.8.11.1.1 bad_function_call constructor[func.wrap.badcall.const]
        • 20.8.11.2 Class template function[func.wrap.func]
          • 20.8.11.2.1 function construct/copy/destroy[func.wrap.func.con]
          • 20.8.11.2.2 function modifiers[func.wrap.func.mod]
          • 20.8.11.2.3 function capacity[func.wrap.func.cap]
          • 20.8.11.2.4 function invocation[func.wrap.func.inv]
          • 20.8.11.2.5 function target access[func.wrap.func.targ]
          • 20.8.11.2.6 null pointer comparison operators[func.wrap.func.nullptr]
          • 20.8.11.2.7 specialized algorithms[func.wrap.func.alg]
      • 20.8.12 Class template hash[unord.hash]
    • 20.9 Metaprogramming and type traits[meta]
      • 20.9.1 Requirements[meta.rqmts]
      • 20.9.2 Header <type_traits> synopsis[meta.type.synop]
      • 20.9.3 Helper classes[meta.help]
      • 20.9.4 Unary type traits[meta.unary]
        • 20.9.4.1 Primary type categories[meta.unary.cat]
        • 20.9.4.2 Composite type traits[meta.unary.comp]
        • 20.9.4.3 Type properties[meta.unary.prop]
      • 20.9.5 Type property queries[meta.unary.prop.query]
      • 20.9.6 Relationships between types[meta.rel]
      • 20.9.7 Transformations between types[meta.trans]
        • 20.9.7.1 Const-volatile modifications[meta.trans.cv]
        • 20.9.7.2 Reference modifications[meta.trans.ref]
        • 20.9.7.3 Sign modifications[meta.trans.sign]
        • 20.9.7.4 Array modifications[meta.trans.arr]
        • 20.9.7.5 Pointer modifications[meta.trans.ptr]
        • 20.9.7.6 Other transformations[meta.trans.other]
    • 20.10 Compile-time rational arithmetic[ratio]
      • 20.10.1 In general[ratio.general]
      • 20.10.2 Header <ratio> synopsis[ratio.syn]
      • 20.10.3 Class template ratio[ratio.ratio]
      • 20.10.4 Arithmetic on ratios[ratio.arithmetic]
      • 20.10.5 Comparison of ratios[ratio.comparison]
      • 20.10.6 SI types for ratio[ratio.si]
    • 20.11 Time utilities[time]
      • 20.11.1 In general[time.general]
      • 20.11.2 Header <chrono> synopsis[time.syn]
      • 20.11.3 Clock requirements[time.clock.req]
      • 20.11.4 Time-related traits[time.traits]
        • 20.11.4.1 treat_as_floating_point[time.traits.is_fp]
        • 20.11.4.2 duration_values[time.traits.duration_values]
        • 20.11.4.3 Specializations of common_type[time.traits.specializations]
      • 20.11.5 Class template duration[time.duration]
        • 20.11.5.1 duration constructors[time.duration.cons]
        • 20.11.5.2 duration observer[time.duration.observer]
        • 20.11.5.3 duration arithmetic[time.duration.arithmetic]
        • 20.11.5.4 duration special values[time.duration.special]
        • 20.11.5.5 duration non-member arithmetic[time.duration.nonmember]
        • 20.11.5.6 duration comparisons[time.duration.comparisons]
        • 20.11.5.7 duration_cast[time.duration.cast]
      • 20.11.6 Class template time_point[time.point]
        • 20.11.6.1 time_point constructors[time.point.cons]
        • 20.11.6.2 time_point observer[time.point.observer]
        • 20.11.6.3 time_point arithmetic[time.point.arithmetic]
        • 20.11.6.4 time_point special values[time.point.special]
        • 20.11.6.5 time_point non-member arithmetic[time.point.nonmember]
        • 20.11.6.6 time_point comparisons[time.point.comparisons]
        • 20.11.6.7 time_point_cast[time.point.cast]
      • 20.11.7 Clocks[time.clock]
        • 20.11.7.1 Class system_clock[time.clock.system]
        • 20.11.7.2 Class steady_clock[time.clock.steady]
        • 20.11.7.3 Class high_resolution_clock[time.clock.hires]
      • 20.11.8 Date and time functions[date.time]
    • 20.12 Class template scoped_allocator_adaptor[allocator.adaptor]
      • 20.12.1 Header <scoped_allocator> synopsis[allocator.adaptor.syn]
      • 20.12.2 Scoped allocator adaptor member types[allocator.adaptor.types]
      • 20.12.3 Scoped allocator adaptor constructors[allocator.adaptor.cnstr]
      • 20.12.4 Scoped allocator adaptor members[allocator.adaptor.members]
      • 20.12.5 Scoped allocator operators[scoped.adaptor.operators]
    • 20.13 Class type_index[type.index]
      • 20.13.1 Header <typeindex> synopsis[type.index.synopsis]
      • 20.13.2 type_index overview[type.index.overview]
      • 20.13.3 type_index members[type.index.members]
      • 20.13.4 Hash support[type.index.hash]
  • 21 Strings library[strings]
    • 21.1 General[strings.general]
    • 21.2 Character traits[char.traits]
      • 21.2.1 Character traits requirements[char.traits.require]
      • 21.2.2 traits typedefs[char.traits.typedefs]
      • 21.2.3 char_traits specializations[char.traits.specializations]
        • 21.2.3.1 struct char_traits<char>[char.traits.specializations.char]
        • 21.2.3.2 struct char_traits<char16_t>[char.traits.specializations.char16_t]
        • 21.2.3.3 struct char_traits<char32_t>[char.traits.specializations.char32_t]
        • 21.2.3.4 struct char_traits<wchar_t>[char.traits.specializations.wchar.t]
    • 21.3 String classes[string.classes]
    • 21.4 Class template basic_string[basic.string]
      • 21.4.1 basic_string general requirements[string.require]
      • 21.4.2 basic_string constructors and assignment operators[string.cons]
      • 21.4.3 basic_string iterator support[string.iterators]
      • 21.4.4 basic_string capacity[string.capacity]
      • 21.4.5 basic_string element access[string.access]
      • 21.4.6 basic_string modifiers[string.modifiers]
        • 21.4.6.1 [[CppStd:./string::op+=|basic_string::operator+= [string::op+=]]][./string::op+=]
        • 21.4.6.2 [[CppStd:./string::append|basic_string::append [string::append]]][./string::append]
        • 21.4.6.3 [[CppStd:./string::assign|basic_string::assign [string::assign]]][./string::assign]
        • 21.4.6.4 [[CppStd:./string::insert|basic_string::insert [string::insert]]][./string::insert]
        • 21.4.6.5 [[CppStd:./string::erase|basic_string::erase [string::erase]]][./string::erase]
        • 21.4.6.6 [[CppStd:./string::replace|basic_string::replace [string::replace]]][./string::replace]
        • 21.4.6.7 [[CppStd:./string::copy|basic_string::copy [string::copy]]][./string::copy]
        • 21.4.6.8 [[CppStd:./string::swap|basic_string::swap [string::swap]]][./string::swap]
      • 21.4.7 basic_string string operations[string.ops]
        • 21.4.7.1 basic_string accessors[string.accessors]
        • 21.4.7.2 [[CppStd:./string::find|basic_string::find [string::find]]][./string::find]
        • 21.4.7.3 [[CppStd:./string::rfind|basic_string::rfind [string::rfind]]][./string::rfind]
        • 21.4.7.4 [[CppStd:./string::find.first.of|basic_string::find_first_of [string::find.first.of]]][./string::find.first.of]
        • 21.4.7.5 [[CppStd:./string::find.last.of|basic_string::find_last_of [string::find.last.of]]][./string::find.last.of]
        • 21.4.7.6 [[CppStd:./string::find.first.not.of|basic_string::find_first_not_of [string::find.first.not.of]]][./string::find.first.not.of]
        • 21.4.7.7 [[CppStd:./string::find.last.not.of|basic_string::find_last_not_of [string::find.last.not.of]]][./string::find.last.not.of]
        • 21.4.7.8 [[CppStd:./string::substr|basic_string::substr [string::substr]]][./string::substr]
        • 21.4.7.9 [[CppStd:./string::compare|basic_string::compare [string::compare]]][./string::compare]
      • 21.4.8 basic_string non-member functions[string.nonmembers]
        • 21.4.8.1 [[CppStd:./string::op+|operator+ [string::op+]]][./string::op+]
        • 21.4.8.2 [[CppStd:./string::operator==|operator== [string::operator==]]][./string::operator==]
        • 21.4.8.3 [[CppStd:./string::op!=|operator!= [string::op!=]]][./string::op!=]
        • 21.4.8.4 [[CppStd:./string::op%3c|operator< [string::op<]]][./string::op%3c]
        • 21.4.8.5 [[CppStd:./string::op%3e|operator> [string::op>]]][./string::op%3e]
        • 21.4.8.6 [[CppStd:./string::op%3c=|operator<= [string::op<=]]][./string::op%3c=]
        • 21.4.8.7 [[CppStd:./string::op%3e=|operator>= [string::op>=]]][./string::op%3e=]
        • 21.4.8.8 swap[string.special]
        • 21.4.8.9 Inserters and extractors[string.io]
    • 21.5 Numeric conversions[string.conversions]
    • 21.6 Hash support[basic.string.hash]
    • 21.7 Null-terminated sequence utilities[c.strings]
  • 22 Localization library[localization]
    • 22.1 General[localization.general]
    • 22.2 Header <locale> synopsis[locale.syn]
    • 22.3 Locales[locales]
      • 22.3.1 Class locale[locale]
        • 22.3.1.1 locale types[locale.types]
          • 22.3.1.1.1 Type locale::category[locale.category]
          • 22.3.1.1.2 Class locale::facet[locale.facet]
          • 22.3.1.1.3 Class locale::id[locale.id]
        • 22.3.1.2 locale constructors and destructor[locale.cons]
        • 22.3.1.3 locale members[locale.members]
        • 22.3.1.4 locale operators[locale.operators]
        • 22.3.1.5 locale static members[locale.statics]
      • 22.3.2 locale globals[locale.global.templates]
      • 22.3.3 Convenience interfaces[locale.convenience]
        • 22.3.3.1 Character classification[classification]
        • 22.3.3.2 Conversions[conversions]
          • 22.3.3.2.1 Character conversions[conversions.character]
          • 22.3.3.2.2 string conversions[conversions.string]
          • 22.3.3.2.3 Buffer conversions[conversions.buffer]
    • 22.4 Standard locale categories[locale.categories]
      • 22.4.1 The ctype category[category.ctype]
        • 22.4.1.1 Class template ctype[locale.ctype]
          • 22.4.1.1.1 ctype members[locale.ctype.members]
          • 22.4.1.1.2 ctype virtual functions[locale.ctype.virtuals]
        • 22.4.1.2 Class template ctype_byname[locale.ctype.byname]
        • 22.4.1.3 ctype specializations[facet.ctype.special]
          • 22.4.1.3.1 ctype<char> destructor[facet.ctype.char.dtor]
          • 22.4.1.3.2 ctype<char> members[facet.ctype.char.members]
          • 22.4.1.3.3 ctype<char> static members[facet.ctype.char.statics]
          • 22.4.1.3.4 ctype<char> virtual functions[facet.ctype.char.virtuals]
        • 22.4.1.4 Class template codecvt[locale.codecvt]
          • 22.4.1.4.1 codecvt members[locale.codecvt.members]
          • 22.4.1.4.2 codecvt virtual functions[locale.codecvt.virtuals]
        • 22.4.1.5 Class template codecvt_byname[locale.codecvt.byname]
      • 22.4.2 The numeric category[category.numeric]
        • 22.4.2.1 Class template num_get[locale.num.get]
          • 22.4.2.1.1 num_get members[facet.num.get.members]
          • 22.4.2.1.2 num_get virtual functions[facet.num.get.virtuals]
        • 22.4.2.2 Class template num_put[locale.nm.put]
          • 22.4.2.2.1 num_put members[facet.num.put.members]
          • 22.4.2.2.2 num_put virtual functions[facet.num.put.virtuals]
      • 22.4.3 The numeric punctuation facet[facet.numpunct]
        • 22.4.3.1 Class template numpunct[locale.numpunct]
          • 22.4.3.1.1 numpunct members[facet.numpunct.members]
          • 22.4.3.1.2 numpunct virtual functions[facet.numpunct.virtuals]
        • 22.4.3.2 Class template numpunct_byname[locale.numpunct.byname]
      • 22.4.4 The collate category[category.collate]
        • 22.4.4.1 Class template collate[locale.collate]
          • 22.4.4.1.1 collate members[locale.collate.members]
          • 22.4.4.1.2 collate virtual functions[locale.collate.virtuals]
        • 22.4.4.2 Class template collate_byname[locale.collate.byname]
      • 22.4.5 The time category[category.time]
        • 22.4.5.1 Class template time_get[locale.time.get]
          • 22.4.5.1.1 time_get members[locale.time.get.members]
          • 22.4.5.1.2 time_get virtual functions[locale.time.get.virtuals]
        • 22.4.5.2 Class template time_get_byname[locale.time.get.byname]
        • 22.4.5.3 Class template time_put[locale.time.put]
          • 22.4.5.3.1 time_put members[locale.time.put.members]
          • 22.4.5.3.2 time_put virtual functions[locale.time.put.virtuals]
        • 22.4.5.4 Class template time_put_byname[locale.time.put.byname]
      • 22.4.6 The monetary category[category.monetary]
        • 22.4.6.1 Class template money_get[locale.money.get]
          • 22.4.6.1.1 money_get members[locale.money.get.members]
          • 22.4.6.1.2 money_get virtual functions[locale.money.get.virtuals]
        • 22.4.6.2 Class template money_put[locale.money.put]
          • 22.4.6.2.1 money_put members[locale.money.put.members]
          • 22.4.6.2.2 money_put virtual functions[locale.money.put.virtuals]
        • 22.4.6.3 Class template moneypunct[locale.moneypunct]
          • 22.4.6.3.1 moneypunct members[locale.moneypunct.members]
          • 22.4.6.3.2 moneypunct virtual functions[locale.moneypunct.virtuals]
        • 22.4.6.4 Class template moneypunct_byname[locale.moneypunct.byname]
      • 22.4.7 The message retrieval category[category.messages]
        • 22.4.7.1 Class template messages[locale.messages]
          • 22.4.7.1.1 messages members[locale.messages.members]
          • 22.4.7.1.2 messages virtual functions[locale.messages.virtuals]
        • 22.4.7.2 Class template messages_byname[locale.messages.byname]
      • 22.4.8 Program-defined facets[facets.examples]
    • 22.5 Standard code conversion facets[locale.stdcvt]
    • 22.6 C library locales[c.locales]
  • 23 Containers library[containers]
    • 23.1 General[containers.general]
    • 23.2 Container requirements[container.requirements]
      • 23.2.1 General container requirements[container.requirements.general]
      • 23.2.2 Container data races[container.requirements.dataraces]
      • 23.2.3 Sequence containers[sequence.reqmts]
      • 23.2.4 Associative containers[associative.reqmts]
        • 23.2.4.1 Exception safety guarantees[associative.reqmts.except]
      • 23.2.5 Unordered associative containers[unord.req]
        • 23.2.5.1 Exception safety guarantees[unord.req.except]
    • 23.3 Sequence containers[sequences]
      • 23.3.1 In general[sequences.general]
      • 23.3.2 Class template array[array]
        • 23.3.2.1 Class template array overview[array.overview]
        • 23.3.2.2 array constructors, copy, and assignment[array.cons]
        • 23.3.2.3 array specialized algorithms[array.special]
        • 23.3.2.4 array::size[array.size]
        • 23.3.2.5 array::data[array.data]
        • 23.3.2.6 array::fill[array.fill]
        • 23.3.2.7 array::swap[array.swap]
        • 23.3.2.8 Zero sized arrays[array.zero]
        • 23.3.2.9 Tuple interface to class template array[array.tuple]
      • 23.3.3 Class template deque[deque]
        • 23.3.3.1 Class template deque overview[deque.overview]
        • 23.3.3.2 deque constructors, copy, and assignment[deque.cons]
        • 23.3.3.3 deque capacity[deque.capacity]
        • 23.3.3.4 deque modifiers[deque.modifiers]
        • 23.3.3.5 deque specialized algorithms[deque.special]
      • 23.3.4 Class template forward_list[forwardlist]
        • 23.3.4.1 Class template forward_list overview[forwardlist.overview]
        • 23.3.4.2 forward_list constructors, copy, assignment[forwardlist.cons]
        • 23.3.4.3 forward_list iterators[forwardlist.iter]
        • 23.3.4.4 forward_list element access[forwardlist.access]
        • 23.3.4.5 forward_list modifiers[forwardlist.modifiers]
        • 23.3.4.6 forward_list operations[forwardlist.ops]
        • 23.3.4.7 forward_list specialized algorithms[forwardlist.spec]
      • 23.3.5 Class template list[list]
        • 23.3.5.1 Class template list overview[list.overview]
        • 23.3.5.2 list constructors, copy, and assignment[list.cons]
        • 23.3.5.3 list capacity[list.capacity]
        • 23.3.5.4 list modifiers[list.modifiers]
        • 23.3.5.5 list operations[list.ops]
        • 23.3.5.6 list specialized algorithms[list.special]
      • 23.3.6 Class template vector[vector]
        • 23.3.6.1 Class template vector overview[vector.overview]
        • 23.3.6.2 vector constructors, copy, and assignment[vector.cons]
        • 23.3.6.3 vector capacity[vector.capacity]
        • 23.3.6.4 vector data[vector.data]
        • 23.3.6.5 vector modifiers[vector.modifiers]
        • 23.3.6.6 vector specialized algorithms[vector.special]
      • 23.3.7 Class vector<bool>[vector.bool]
    • 23.4 Associative containers[associative]
      • 23.4.1 In general[associative.general]
      • 23.4.2 Header <map> synopsis[associative.map.syn]
      • 23.4.3 Header <set> synopsis[associative.set.syn]
      • 23.4.4 Class template map[map]
        • 23.4.4.1 Class template map overview[map.overview]
        • 23.4.4.2 map constructors, copy, and assignment[map.cons]
        • 23.4.4.3 map element access[map.access]
        • 23.4.4.4 map modifiers[map.modifiers]
        • 23.4.4.5 map operations[map.ops]
        • 23.4.4.6 map specialized algorithms[map.special]
      • 23.4.5 Class template multimap[multimap]
        • 23.4.5.1 Class template multimap overview[multimap.overview]
        • 23.4.5.2 multimap constructors[multimap.cons]
        • 23.4.5.3 multimap modifiers[multimap.modifiers]
        • 23.4.5.4 multimap operations[multimap.ops]
        • 23.4.5.5 multimap specialized algorithms[multimap.special]
      • 23.4.6 Class template set[set]
        • 23.4.6.1 Class template set overview[set.overview]
        • 23.4.6.2 set constructors, copy, and assignment[set.cons]
        • 23.4.6.3 set specialized algorithms[set.special]
      • 23.4.7 Class template multiset[multiset]
        • 23.4.7.1 Class template multiset overview[multiset.overview]
        • 23.4.7.2 multiset constructors[multiset.cons]
        • 23.4.7.3 multiset specialized algorithms[multiset.special]
    • 23.5 Unordered associative containers[unord]
      • 23.5.1 In general[unord.general]
      • 23.5.2 Header <unordered_map> synopsis[unord.map.syn]
      • 23.5.3 Header <unordered_set> synopsis[unord.set.syn]
      • 23.5.4 Class template unordered_map[unord.map]
        • 23.5.4.1 Class template unordered_map overview[unord.map.overview]
        • 23.5.4.2 unordered_map constructors[unord.map.cnstr]
        • 23.5.4.3 unordered_map element access[unord.map.elem]
        • 23.5.4.4 unordered_map modifiers[unord.map.modifiers]
        • 23.5.4.5 unordered_map swap[unord.map.swap]
      • 23.5.5 Class template unordered_multimap[unord.multimap]
        • 23.5.5.1 Class template unordered_multimap overview[unord.multimap.overview]
        • 23.5.5.2 unordered_multimap constructors[unord.multimap.cnstr]
        • 23.5.5.3 unordered_multimap modifiers[unord.multimap.modifiers]
        • 23.5.5.4 unordered_multimap swap[unord.multimap.swap]
      • 23.5.6 Class template unordered_set[unord.set]
        • 23.5.6.1 Class template unordered_set overview[unord.set.overview]
        • 23.5.6.2 unordered_set constructors[unord.set.cnstr]
        • 23.5.6.3 unordered_set swap[unord.set.swap]
      • 23.5.7 Class template unordered_multiset[unord.multiset]
        • 23.5.7.1 Class template unordered_multiset overview[unord.multiset.overview]
        • 23.5.7.2 unordered_multiset constructors[unord.multiset.cnstr]
        • 23.5.7.3 unordered_multiset swap[unord.multiset.swap]
    • 23.6 Container adaptors[container.adaptors]
      • 23.6.1 In general[container.adaptors.general]
      • 23.6.2 Header <queue> synopsis[queue.syn]
      • 23.6.3 Class template queue[queue]
        • 23.6.3.1 queue definition[queue.defn]
        • 23.6.3.2 queue constructors[queue.cons]
        • 23.6.3.3 queue constructors with allocators[queue.cons.alloc]
        • 23.6.3.4 queue operators[queue.ops]
        • 23.6.3.5 queue specialized algorithms[queue.special]
      • 23.6.4 Class template priority_queue[priority.queue]
        • 23.6.4.1 priority_queue constructors[priqueue.cons]
        • 23.6.4.2 priority_queue constructors with allocators[priqueue.cons.alloc]
        • 23.6.4.3 priority_queue members[priqueue.members]
        • 23.6.4.4 priority_queue specialized algorithms[priqueue.special]
      • 23.6.5 Class template stack[stack]
        • 23.6.5.1 Header <stack> synopsis[stack.syn]
        • 23.6.5.2 stack definition[stack.defn]
        • 23.6.5.3 stack constructors[stack.cons]
        • 23.6.5.4 stack constructors with allocators[stack.cons.alloc]
        • 23.6.5.5 stack operators[stack.ops]
        • 23.6.5.6 stack specialized algorithms[stack.special]
  • 24 Iterators library[iterators]
    • 24.1 General[iterators.general]
    • 24.2 Iterator requirements[iterator.requirements]
      • 24.2.1 In general[iterator.requirements.general]
      • 24.2.2 Iterator[iterator.iterators]
      • 24.2.3 Input iterators[input.iterators]
      • 24.2.4 Output iterators[output.iterators]
      • 24.2.5 Forward iterators[forward.iterators]
      • 24.2.6 Bidirectional iterators[bidirectional.iterators]
      • 24.2.7 Random access iterators[random.access.iterators]
    • 24.3 Header <iterator> synopsis[iterator.synopsis]
    • 24.4 Iterator primitives[iterator.primitives]
      • 24.4.1 Iterator traits[iterator.traits]
      • 24.4.2 Basic iterator[iterator.basic]
      • 24.4.3 Standard iterator tags[std.iterator.tags]
      • 24.4.4 Iterator operations[iterator.operations]
    • 24.5 Iterator adaptors[predef.iterators]
      • 24.5.1 Reverse iterators[reverse.iterators]
        • 24.5.1.1 Class template reverse_iterator[reverse.iterator]
        • 24.5.1.2 reverse_iterator requirements[reverse.iter.requirements]
        • 24.5.1.3 reverse_iterator operations[reverse.iter.ops]
          • 24.5.1.3.1 reverse_iterator constructor[reverse.iter.cons]
          • 24.5.1.3.2 reverse_iterator::operator=[reverse.iter.op=]
          • 24.5.1.3.3 Conversion[reverse.iter.conv]
          • 24.5.1.3.4 operator*[reverse.iter.op.star]
          • 24.5.1.3.5 operator->[reverse.iter.opref]
          • 24.5.1.3.6 operator++[reverse.iter.op++]
          • 24.5.1.3.7 operator--[reverse.iter.op--]
          • 24.5.1.3.8 operator+[reverse.iter.op+]
          • 24.5.1.3.9 operator+=[reverse.iter.op+=]
          • 24.5.1.3.10 operator-[reverse.iter.op-]
          • 24.5.1.3.11 operator-=[reverse.iter.op-=]
          • 24.5.1.3.12 operator[][reverse.iter.opindex]
          • 24.5.1.3.13 operator==[reverse.iter.op==]
          • 24.5.1.3.14 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3c|operator< [reverse.iter.op<]]][reverse.iter.op%3c]
          • 24.5.1.3.15 operator!=[reverse.iter.op!=]
          • 24.5.1.3.16 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3e|operator> [reverse.iter.op>]]][reverse.iter.op%3e]
          • 24.5.1.3.17 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3e=|operator>= [reverse.iter.op>=]]][reverse.iter.op%3e=]
          • 24.5.1.3.18 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3c=|operator<= [reverse.iter.op<=]]][reverse.iter.op%3c=]
          • 24.5.1.3.19 operator-[reverse.iter.opdiff]
          • 24.5.1.3.20 operator+[reverse.iter.opsum]
      • 24.5.2 Insert iterators[insert.iterators]
        • 24.5.2.1 Class template back_insert_iterator[back.insert.iterator]
        • 24.5.2.2 back_insert_iterator operations[back.insert.iter.ops]
          • 24.5.2.2.1 back_insert_iterator constructor[back.insert.iter.cons]
          • 24.5.2.2.2 back_insert_iterator::operator=[back.insert.iter.op=]
          • 24.5.2.2.3 back_insert_iterator::operator*[back.insert.iter.op*]
          • 24.5.2.2.4 back_insert_iterator::operator++[back.insert.iter.op++]
          • 24.5.2.2.5 back_inserter[back.inserter]
        • 24.5.2.3 Class template front_insert_iterator[front.insert.iterator]
        • 24.5.2.4 front_insert_iterator operations[front.insert.iter.ops]
          • 24.5.2.4.1 front_insert_iterator constructor[front.insert.iter.cons]
          • 24.5.2.4.2 front_insert_iterator::operator=[front.insert.iter.op=]
          • 24.5.2.4.3 front_insert_iterator::operator*[front.insert.iter.op*]
          • 24.5.2.4.4 front_insert_iterator::operator++[front.insert.iter.op++]
          • 24.5.2.4.5 front_inserter[front.inserter]
        • 24.5.2.5 Class template insert_iterator[insert.iterator]
        • 24.5.2.6 insert_iterator operations[insert.iter.ops]
          • 24.5.2.6.1 insert_iterator constructor[insert.iter.cons]
          • 24.5.2.6.2 insert_iterator::operator=[insert.iter.op=]
          • 24.5.2.6.3 insert_iterator::operator*[insert.iter.op*]
          • 24.5.2.6.4 insert_iterator::operator++[insert.iter.op++]
          • 24.5.2.6.5 inserter[inserter]
      • 24.5.3 Move iterators[move.iterators]
        • 24.5.3.1 Class template move_iterator[move.iterator]
        • 24.5.3.2 move_iterator requirements[move.iter.requirements]
        • 24.5.3.3 move_iterator operations[move.iter.ops]
          • 24.5.3.3.1 move_iterator constructors[move.iter.op.const]
          • 24.5.3.3.2 move_iterator::operator=[move.iter.op=]
          • 24.5.3.3.3 move_iterator conversion[move.iter.op.conv]
          • 24.5.3.3.4 move_iterator::operator*[move.iter.op.star]
          • 24.5.3.3.5 move_iterator::operator->[move.iter.op.ref]
          • 24.5.3.3.6 move_iterator::operator++[move.iter.op.incr]
          • 24.5.3.3.7 move_iterator::operator--[move.iter.op.decr]
          • 24.5.3.3.8 move_iterator::operator+[move.iter.op.+]
          • 24.5.3.3.9 move_iterator::operator+=[move.iter.op.+=]
          • 24.5.3.3.10 move_iterator::operator-[move.iter.op.-]
          • 24.5.3.3.11 move_iterator::operator-=[move.iter.op.-=]
          • 24.5.3.3.12 move_iterator::operator[][move.iter.op.index]
          • 24.5.3.3.13 move_iterator comparisons[move.iter.op.comp]
          • 24.5.3.3.14 move_iterator non-member functions[move.iter.nonmember]
    • 24.6 Stream iterators[stream.iterators]
      • 24.6.1 Class template istream_iterator[istream.iterator]
        • 24.6.1.1 istream_iterator constructors and destructor[istream.iterator.cons]
        • 24.6.1.2 istream_iterator operations[istream.iterator.ops]
      • 24.6.2 Class template ostream_iterator[ostream.iterator]
        • 24.6.2.1 ostream_iterator constructors and destructor[ostream.iterator.cons.des]
        • 24.6.2.2 ostream_iterator operations[ostream.iterator.ops]
      • 24.6.3 Class template istreambuf_iterator[istreambuf.iterator]
        • 24.6.3.1 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::proxy|Class template istreambuf_iterator::proxy [istreambuf.iterator::proxy]]][./istreambuf.iterator::proxy]
        • 24.6.3.2 istreambuf_iterator constructors[istreambuf.iterator.cons]
        • 24.6.3.3 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::op*|istreambuf_iterator::operator* [istreambuf.iterator::op*]]][./istreambuf.iterator::op*]
        • 24.6.3.4 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::op++|istreambuf_iterator::operator++ [istreambuf.iterator::op++]]][./istreambuf.iterator::op++]
        • 24.6.3.5 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::equal|istreambuf_iterator::equal [istreambuf.iterator::equal]]][./istreambuf.iterator::equal]
        • 24.6.3.6 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::op==|operator== [istreambuf.iterator::op==]]][./istreambuf.iterator::op==]
        • 24.6.3.7 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::op!=|operator!= [istreambuf.iterator::op!=]]][./istreambuf.iterator::op!=]
      • 24.6.4 Class template ostreambuf_iterator[ostreambuf.iterator]
        • 24.6.4.1 ostreambuf_iterator constructors[ostreambuf.iter.cons]
        • 24.6.4.2 ostreambuf_iterator operations[ostreambuf.iter.ops]
      • 24.6.5 range access[iterator.range]
  • 25 Algorithms library[algorithms]
    • 25.1 General[algorithms.general]
    • 25.2 Non-modifying sequence operations[alg.nonmodifying]
      • 25.2.1 All of[alg.all_of]
      • 25.2.2 Any of[alg.any_of]
      • 25.2.3 None of[alg.none_of]
      • 25.2.4 For each[alg.foreach]
      • 25.2.5 Find[alg.find]
      • 25.2.6 Find end[alg.find.end]
      • 25.2.7 Find first[alg.find.first.of]
      • 25.2.8 Adjacent find[alg.adjacent.find]
      • 25.2.9 Count[alg.count]
      • 25.2.10 Mismatch[mismatch]
      • 25.2.11 Equal[alg.equal]
      • 25.2.12 Is permutation[alg.is_permutation]
      • 25.2.13 Search[alg.search]
    • 25.3 Mutating sequence operations[alg.modifying.operations]
      • 25.3.1 Copy[alg.copy]
      • 25.3.2 Move[alg.move]
      • 25.3.3 swap[alg.swap]
      • 25.3.4 Transform[alg.transform]
      • 25.3.5 Replace[alg.replace]
      • 25.3.6 Fill[alg.fill]
      • 25.3.7 Generate[alg.generate]
      • 25.3.8 Remove[alg.remove]
      • 25.3.9 Unique[alg.unique]
      • 25.3.10 Reverse[alg.reverse]
      • 25.3.11 Rotate[alg.rotate]
      • 25.3.12 Random shuffle[alg.random.shuffle]
      • 25.3.13 Partitions[alg.partitions]
    • 25.4 Sorting and related operations[alg.sorting]
      • 25.4.1 Sorting[alg.sort]
        • 25.4.1.1 sort[sort]
        • 25.4.1.2 stable_sort[stable.sort]
        • 25.4.1.3 partial_sort[partial.sort]
        • 25.4.1.4 partial_sort_copy[partial.sort.copy]
        • 25.4.1.5 is_sorted[is.sorted]
      • 25.4.2 Nth element[alg.nth.element]
      • 25.4.3 Binary search[alg.binary.search]
        • 25.4.3.1 lower_bound[lower.bound]
        • 25.4.3.2 upper_bound[upper.bound]
        • 25.4.3.3 equal_range[equal.range]
        • 25.4.3.4 binary_search[binary.search]
      • 25.4.4 Merge[alg.merge]
      • 25.4.5 Set operations on sorted structures[alg.set.operations]
        • 25.4.5.1 includes[includes]
        • 25.4.5.2 set_union[set.union]
        • 25.4.5.3 set_intersection[set.intersection]
        • 25.4.5.4 set_difference[set.difference]
        • 25.4.5.5 set_symmetric_difference[set.symmetric.difference]
      • 25.4.6 Heap operations[alg.heap.operations]
        • 25.4.6.1 push_heap[push.heap]
        • 25.4.6.2 pop_heap[pop.heap]
        • 25.4.6.3 make_heap[make.heap]
        • 25.4.6.4 sort_heap[sort.heap]
        • 25.4.6.5 is_heap[is.heap]
      • 25.4.7 Minimum and maximum[alg.min.max]
      • 25.4.8 Lexicographical comparison[alg.lex.comparison]
      • 25.4.9 Permutation generators[alg.permutation.generators]
    • 25.5 C library algorithms[alg.c.library]
  • 26 Numerics library[numerics]
    • 26.1 General[numerics.general]
    • 26.2 Numeric type requirements[numeric.requirements]
    • 26.3 The floating-point environment[cfenv]
      • 26.3.1 Header <cfenv> synopsis[cfenv.syn]
    • 26.4 Complex numbers[complex.numbers]
      • 26.4.1 Header <complex> synopsis[complex.syn]
      • 26.4.2 Class template complex[complex]
      • 26.4.3 complex specializations[complex.special]
      • 26.4.4 complex member functions[complex.members]
      • 26.4.5 complex member operators[complex.member.ops]
      • 26.4.6 complex non-member operations[complex.ops]
      • 26.4.7 complex value operations[complex.value.ops]
      • 26.4.8 complex transcendentals[complex.transcendentals]
      • 26.4.9 Additional overloads[cmplx.over]
      • 26.4.10 Header <ccomplex>[ccmplx]
    • 26.5 Random number generation[rand]
      • 26.5.1 Requirements[rand.req]
        • 26.5.1.1 General requirements[rand.req.genl]
        • 26.5.1.2 Seed sequence requirements[rand.req.seedseq]
        • 26.5.1.3 Uniform random number generator requirements[rand.req.urng]
        • 26.5.1.4 Random number engine requirements[rand.req.eng]
        • 26.5.1.5 Random number engine adaptor requirements[rand.req.adapt]
        • 26.5.1.6 Random number distribution requirements[rand.req.dist]
      • 26.5.2 Header <random> synopsis[rand.synopsis]
      • 26.5.3 Random number engine class templates[rand.eng]
        • 26.5.3.1 Class template linear_congruential_engine[rand.eng.lcong]
        • 26.5.3.2 Class template mersenne_twister_engine[rand.eng.mers]
        • 26.5.3.3 Class template subtract_with_carry_engine[rand.eng.sub]
      • 26.5.4 Random number engine adaptor class templates[rand.adapt]
        • 26.5.4.1 In general[rand.adapt.general]
        • 26.5.4.2 Class template discard_block_engine[rand.adapt.disc]
        • 26.5.4.3 Class template independent_bits_engine[rand.adapt.ibits]
        • 26.5.4.4 Class template shuffle_order_engine[rand.adapt.shuf]
      • 26.5.5 Engines and engine adaptors with predefined parameters[rand.predef]
      • 26.5.6 Class random_device[rand.device]
      • 26.5.7 Utilities[rand.util]
        • 26.5.7.1 Class seed_seq[rand.util.seedseq]
        • 26.5.7.2 Function template generate_canonical[rand.util.canonical]
      • 26.5.8 Random number distribution class templates[rand.dist]
        • 26.5.8.1 In general[rand.dist.general]
        • 26.5.8.2 Uniform distributions[rand.dist.uni]
          • 26.5.8.2.1 Class template uniform_int_distribution[rand.dist.uni.int]
          • 26.5.8.2.2 Class template uniform_real_distribution[rand.dist.uni.real]
        • 26.5.8.3 Bernoulli distributions[rand.dist.bern]
          • 26.5.8.3.1 Class bernoulli_distribution[rand.dist.bern.bernoulli]
          • 26.5.8.3.2 Class template binomial_distribution[rand.dist.bern.bin]
          • 26.5.8.3.3 Class template geometric_distribution[rand.dist.bern.geo]
          • 26.5.8.3.4 Class template negative_binomial_distribution[rand.dist.bern.negbin]
        • 26.5.8.4 Poisson distributions[rand.dist.pois]
          • 26.5.8.4.1 Class template poisson_distribution[rand.dist.pois.poisson]
          • 26.5.8.4.2 Class template exponential_distribution[rand.dist.pois.exp]
          • 26.5.8.4.3 Class template gamma_distribution[rand.dist.pois.gamma]
          • 26.5.8.4.4 Class template weibull_distribution[rand.dist.pois.weibull]
          • 26.5.8.4.5 Class template extreme_value_distribution[rand.dist.pois.extreme]
        • 26.5.8.5 Normal distributions[rand.dist.norm]
          • 26.5.8.5.1 Class template normal_distribution[rand.dist.norm.normal]
          • 26.5.8.5.2 Class template lognormal_distribution[rand.dist.norm.lognormal]
          • 26.5.8.5.3 Class template chi_squared_distribution[rand.dist.norm.chisq]
          • 26.5.8.5.4 Class template cauchy_distribution[rand.dist.norm.cauchy]
          • 26.5.8.5.5 Class template fisher_f_distribution[rand.dist.norm.f]
          • 26.5.8.5.6 Class template student_t_distribution[rand.dist.norm.t]
        • 26.5.8.6 Sampling distributions[rand.dist.samp]
          • 26.5.8.6.1 Class template discrete_distribution[rand.dist.samp.discrete]
          • 26.5.8.6.2 Class template piecewise_constant_distribution[rand.dist.samp.pconst]
          • 26.5.8.6.3 Class template piecewise_linear_distribution[rand.dist.samp.plinear]
    • 26.6 Numeric arrays[numarray]
      • 26.6.1 Header <valarray> synopsis[valarray.syn]
      • 26.6.2 Class template valarray[template.valarray]
        • 26.6.2.1 Class template valarray overview[template.valarray.overview]
        • 26.6.2.2 valarray constructors[valarray.cons]
        • 26.6.2.3 valarray assignment[valarray.assign]
        • 26.6.2.4 valarray element access[valarray.access]
        • 26.6.2.5 valarray subset operations[valarray.sub]
        • 26.6.2.6 valarray unary operators[valarray.unary]
        • 26.6.2.7 valarray computed assignment[valarray.cassign]
        • 26.6.2.8 valarray member functions[valarray.members]
      • 26.6.3 valarray non-member operations[valarray.nonmembers]
        • 26.6.3.1 valarray binary operators[valarray.binary]
        • 26.6.3.2 valarray logical operators[valarray.comparison]
        • 26.6.3.3 valarray transcendentals[valarray.transcend]
        • 26.6.3.4 valarray specialized algorithms[valarray.special]
      • 26.6.4 Class slice[class.slice]
        • 26.6.4.1 Class slice overview[class.slice.overview]
        • 26.6.4.2 slice constructors[cons.slice]
        • 26.6.4.3 slice access functions[slice.access]
      • 26.6.5 Class template slice_array[template.slice.array]
        • 26.6.5.1 Class template slice_array overview[template.slice.array.overview]
        • 26.6.5.2 slice_array assignment[slice.arr.assign]
        • 26.6.5.3 slice_array computed assignment[slice.arr.comp.assign]
        • 26.6.5.4 slice_array fill function[slice.arr.fill]
      • 26.6.6 The gslice class[class.gslice]
        • 26.6.6.1 The gslice class overview[class.gslice.overview]
        • 26.6.6.2 gslice constructors[gslice.cons]
        • 26.6.6.3 gslice access functions[gslice.access]
      • 26.6.7 Class template gslice_array[template.gslice.array]
        • 26.6.7.1 Class template gslice_array overview[template.gslice.array.overview]
        • 26.6.7.2 gslice_array assignment[gslice.array.assign]
        • 26.6.7.3 gslice_array[gslice.array.comp.assign]
        • 26.6.7.4 gslice_array fill function[gslice.array.fill]
      • 26.6.8 Class template mask_array[template.mask.array]
        • 26.6.8.1 Class template mask_array overview[template.mask.array.overview]
        • 26.6.8.2 mask_array assignment[mask.array.assign]
        • 26.6.8.3 mask_array computed assignment[mask.array.comp.assign]
        • 26.6.8.4 mask_array fill function[mask.array.fill]
      • 26.6.9 Class template indirect_array[template.indirect.array]
        • 26.6.9.1 Class template indirect_array overview[template.indirect.array.overview]
        • 26.6.9.2 indirect_array assignment[indirect.array.assign]
        • 26.6.9.3 indirect_array computed assignment[indirect.array.comp.assign]
        • 26.6.9.4 indirect_array fill function[indirect.array.fill]
      • 26.6.10 valarray range access[valarray.range]
    • 26.7 Generalized numeric operations[numeric.ops]
      • 26.7.1 Header <numeric> synopsis[numeric.ops.overview]
      • 26.7.2 Accumulate[accumulate]
      • 26.7.3 Inner product[inner.product]
      • 26.7.4 Partial sum[partial.sum]
      • 26.7.5 Adjacent difference[adjacent.difference]
      • 26.7.6 Iota[numeric.iota]
    • 26.8 C library[c.math]
  • 27 Input/output library[input.output]
    • 27.1 General[input.output.general]
    • 27.2 Iostreams requirements[iostreams.requirements]
      • 27.2.1 Imbue limitations[iostream.limits.imbue]
      • 27.2.2 Positioning type limitations[iostreams.limits.pos]
      • 27.2.3 Thread safety[iostreams.threadsafety]
    • 27.3 Forward declarations[iostream.forward]
    • 27.4 Standard iostream objects[iostream.objects]
      • 27.4.1 Overview[iostream.objects.overview]
      • 27.4.2 Narrow stream objects[narrow.stream.objects]
      • 27.4.3 Wide stream objects[wide.stream.objects]
    • 27.5 Iostreams base classes[iostreams.base]
      • 27.5.1 Overview[iostreams.base.overview]
      • 27.5.2 Types[stream.types]
      • 27.5.3 Class ios_base[ios.base]
        • 27.5.3.1 Types[ios.types]
          • 27.5.3.1.1 [[CppStd:./ios::failure|Class ios_base::failure [ios::failure]]][./ios::failure]
          • 27.5.3.1.2 [[CppStd:./ios::fmtflags|Type ios_base::fmtflags [ios::fmtflags]]][./ios::fmtflags]
          • 27.5.3.1.3 [[CppStd:./ios::iostate|Type ios_base::iostate [ios::iostate]]][./ios::iostate]
          • 27.5.3.1.4 [[CppStd:./ios::openmode|Type ios_base::openmode [ios::openmode]]][./ios::openmode]
          • 27.5.3.1.5 [[CppStd:./ios::seekdir|Type ios_base::seekdir [ios::seekdir]]][./ios::seekdir]
          • 27.5.3.1.6 [[CppStd:./ios::Init|Class ios_base::Init [ios::Init]]][./ios::Init]
        • 27.5.3.2 ios_base state functions[fmtflags.state]
        • 27.5.3.3 ios_base functions[ios.base.locales]
        • 27.5.3.4 ios_base static members[ios.members.static]
        • 27.5.3.5 ios_base storage functions[ios.base.storage]
        • 27.5.3.6 ios_base callbacks[ios.base.callback]
        • 27.5.3.7 ios_base constructors/destructor[ios.base.cons]
      • 27.5.4 Class template fpos[fpos]
        • 27.5.4.1 fpos members[fpos.members]
        • 27.5.4.2 fpos requirements[fpos.operations]
      • 27.5.5 Class template basic_ios[ios]
        • 27.5.5.1 Overview[ios.overview]
        • 27.5.5.2 basic_ios constructors[basic.ios.cons]
        • 27.5.5.3 Member functions[basic.ios.members]
        • 27.5.5.4 basic_ios flags functions[iostate.flags]
      • 27.5.6 ios_base manipulators[std.ios.manip]
        • 27.5.6.1 fmtflags manipulators[fmtflags.manip]
        • 27.5.6.2 adjustfield manipulators[adjustfield.manip]
        • 27.5.6.3 basefield manipulators[basefield.manip]
        • 27.5.6.4 floatfield manipulators[floatfield.manip]
        • 27.5.6.5 Error reporting[error.reporting]
    • 27.6 Stream buffers[stream.buffers]
      • 27.6.1 Overview[stream.buffers.overview]
      • 27.6.2 Stream buffer requirements[streambuf.reqts]
      • 27.6.3 Class template basic_streambuf<charT,traits>[streambuf]
        • 27.6.3.1 basic_streambuf constructors[streambuf.cons]
        • 27.6.3.2 basic_streambuf public member functions[streambuf.members]
          • 27.6.3.2.1 Locales[streambuf.locales]
          • 27.6.3.2.2 Buffer management and positioning[streambuf.buffer]
          • 27.6.3.2.3 Get area[streambuf.pub.get]
          • 27.6.3.2.4 Putback[streambuf.pub.pback]
          • 27.6.3.2.5 Put area[streambuf.pub.put]
        • 27.6.3.3 basic_streambuf protected member functions[streambuf.protected]
          • 27.6.3.3.1 Assignment[streambuf.assign]
          • 27.6.3.3.2 Get area access[streambuf.get.area]
          • 27.6.3.3.3 Put area access[streambuf.put.area]
        • 27.6.3.4 basic_streambuf virtual functions[streambuf.virtuals]
          • 27.6.3.4.1 Locales[streambuf.virt.locales]
          • 27.6.3.4.2 Buffer management and positioning[streambuf.virt.buffer]
          • 27.6.3.4.3 Get area[streambuf.virt.get]
          • 27.6.3.4.4 Putback[streambuf.virt.pback]
          • 27.6.3.4.5 Put area[streambuf.virt.put]
    • 27.7 Formatting and manipulators[iostream.format]
      • 27.7.1 Overview[iostream.format.overview]
      • 27.7.2 Input streams[input.streams]
        • 27.7.2.1 Class template basic_istream[istream]
          • 27.7.2.1.1 basic_istream constructors[istream.cons]
          • 27.7.2.1.2 Class basic_istream assign and swap[istream.assign]
          • 27.7.2.1.3 [[CppStd:./istream::sentry|Class basic_istream::sentry [istream::sentry]]][./istream::sentry]
        • 27.7.2.2 Formatted input functions[istream.formatted]
          • 27.7.2.2.1 Common requirements[istream.formatted.reqmts]
          • 27.7.2.2.2 Arithmetic extractors[istream.formatted.arithmetic]
          • 27.7.2.2.3 [[CppStd:./istream::extractors|basic_istream::operator>> [istream::extractors]]][./istream::extractors]
        • 27.7.2.3 Unformatted input functions[istream.unformatted]
        • 27.7.2.4 Standard basic_istream manipulators[istream.manip]
        • 27.7.2.5 Class template basic_iostream[iostreamclass]
          • 27.7.2.5.1 basic_iostream constructors[iostream.cons]
          • 27.7.2.5.2 basic_iostream destructor[iostream.dest]
          • 27.7.2.5.3 basic_iostream assign and swap[iostream.assign]
        • 27.7.2.6 Rvalue stream extraction[istream.rvalue]
      • 27.7.3 Output streams[output.streams]
        • 27.7.3.1 Class template basic_ostream[ostream]
        • 27.7.3.2 basic_ostream constructors[ostream.cons]
        • 27.7.3.3 Class basic_ostream assign and swap[ostream.assign]
        • 27.7.3.4 [[CppStd:./ostream::sentry|Class basic_ostream::sentry [ostream::sentry]]][./ostream::sentry]
        • 27.7.3.5 basic_ostream seek members[ostream.seeks]
        • 27.7.3.6 Formatted output functions[ostream.formatted]
          • 27.7.3.6.1 Common requirements[ostream.formatted.reqmts]
          • 27.7.3.6.2 Arithmetic inserters[ostream.inserters.arithmetic]
          • 27.7.3.6.3 basic_ostream::operator<<[ostream.inserters]
          • 27.7.3.6.4 Character inserter function templates[ostream.inserters.character]
        • 27.7.3.7 Unformatted output functions[ostream.unformatted]
        • 27.7.3.8 Standard basic_ostream manipulators[ostream.manip]
        • 27.7.3.9 Rvalue stream insertion[ostream.rvalue]
      • 27.7.4 Standard manipulators[std.manip]
      • 27.7.5 Extended manipulators[ext.manip]
    • 27.8 String-based streams[string.streams]
      • 27.8.1 Overview[string.streams.overview]
      • 27.8.2 Class template basic_stringbuf[stringbuf]
        • 27.8.2.1 basic_stringbuf constructors[stringbuf.cons]
        • 27.8.2.2 Assign and swap[stringbuf.assign]
        • 27.8.2.3 Member functions[stringbuf.members]
        • 27.8.2.4 Overridden virtual functions[stringbuf.virtuals]
      • 27.8.3 Class template basic_istringstream[istringstream]
        • 27.8.3.1 basic_istringstream constructors[istringstream.cons]
        • 27.8.3.2 Assign and swap[istringstream.assign]
        • 27.8.3.3 Member functions[istringstream.members]
      • 27.8.4 Class template basic_ostringstream[ostringstream]
        • 27.8.4.1 basic_ostringstream constructors[ostringstream.cons]
        • 27.8.4.2 Assign and swap[ostringstream.assign]
        • 27.8.4.3 Member functions[ostringstream.members]
      • 27.8.5 Class template basic_stringstream[stringstream]
      • 27.8.6 basic_stringstream constructors[stringstream.cons]
        • 27.8.6.1 Assign and swap[stringstream.assign]
      • 27.8.7 Member functions[stringstream.members]
    • 27.9 File-based streams[file.streams]
      • 27.9.1 File streams[fstreams]
        • 27.9.1.1 Class template basic_filebuf[filebuf]
        • 27.9.1.2 basic_filebuf constructors[filebuf.cons]
        • 27.9.1.3 Assign and swap[filebuf.assign]
        • 27.9.1.4 Member functions[filebuf.members]
        • 27.9.1.5 Overridden virtual functions[filebuf.virtuals]
        • 27.9.1.6 Class template basic_ifstream[ifstream]
        • 27.9.1.7 basic_ifstream constructors[ifstream.cons]
        • 27.9.1.8 Assign and swap[ifstream.assign]
        • 27.9.1.9 Member functions[ifstream.members]
        • 27.9.1.10 Class template basic_ofstream[ofstream]
        • 27.9.1.11 basic_ofstream constructors[ofstream.cons]
        • 27.9.1.12 Assign and swap[ofstream.assign]
        • 27.9.1.13 Member functions[ofstream.members]
        • 27.9.1.14 Class template basic_fstream[fstream]
        • 27.9.1.15 basic_fstream constructors[fstream.cons]
        • 27.9.1.16 Assign and swap[fstream.assign]
        • 27.9.1.17 Member functions[fstream.members]
      • 27.9.2 C library files[c.files]
  • 28 Regular expressions library[re]
    • 28.1 General[re.general]
    • 28.2 Definitions[re.def]
      • 28.2.1 collating element[defns.regex.collating.element]
      • 28.2.2 finite state machine[defns.regex.finite.state.machine]
      • 28.2.3 format specifier[defns.regex.format.specifier]
      • 28.2.4 matched[defns.regex.matched]
      • 28.2.5 primary equivalence class[defns.regex.primary.equivalence.class]
      • 28.2.6 regular expression[defns.regex.regular.expression]
      • 28.2.7 sub-expression[defns.regex.subexpression]
    • 28.3 Requirements[re.req]
    • 28.4 Header <regex> synopsis[re.syn]
    • 28.5 Namespace std::regex_constants[re.const]
      • 28.5.1 Bitmask type syntax_option_type[re.synopt]
      • 28.5.2 Bitmask type regex_constants::match_flag_type[re.matchflag]
      • 28.5.3 Implementation-defined error_type[re.err]
    • 28.6 Class regex_error[re.badexp]
    • 28.7 Class template regex_traits[re.traits]
    • 28.8 Class template basic_regex[re.regex]
      • 28.8.1 basic_regex constants[re.regex.const]
      • 28.8.2 basic_regex constructors[re.regex.construct]
      • 28.8.3 basic_regex assign[re.regex.assign]
      • 28.8.4 basic_regex constant operations[re.regex.operations]
      • 28.8.5 basic_regex locale[re.regex.locale]
      • 28.8.6 basic_regex swap[re.regex.swap]
      • 28.8.7 basic_regex non-member functions[re.regex.nonmemb]
        • 28.8.7.1 basic_regex non-member swap[re.regex.nmswap]
    • 28.9 Class template sub_match[re.submatch]
      • 28.9.1 sub_match members[re.submatch.members]
      • 28.9.2 sub_match non-member operators[re.submatch.op]
    • 28.10 Class template match_results[re.results]
      • 28.10.1 match_results constructors[re.results.const]
      • 28.10.2 match_results state[re.results.state]
      • 28.10.3 match_results size[re.results.size]
      • 28.10.4 match_results element access[re.results.acc]
      • 28.10.5 match_results formatting[re.results.form]
      • 28.10.6 match_results allocator[re.results.all]
      • 28.10.7 match_results swap[re.results.swap]
      • 28.10.8 match_results non-member functions[re.results.nonmember]
    • 28.11 Regular expression algorithms[re.alg]
      • 28.11.1 exceptions[re.except]
      • 28.11.2 regex_match[re.alg.match]
      • 28.11.3 regex_search[re.alg.search]
      • 28.11.4 regex_replace[re.alg.replace]
    • 28.12 Regular expression iterators[re.iter]
      • 28.12.1 Class template regex_iterator[re.regiter]
        • 28.12.1.1 regex_iterator constructors[re.regiter.cnstr]
        • 28.12.1.2 regex_iterator comparisons[re.regiter.comp]
        • 28.12.1.3 regex_iterator dereference[re.regiter.deref]
        • 28.12.1.4 regex_iterator increment[re.regiter.incr]
      • 28.12.2 Class template regex_token_iterator[re.tokiter]
        • 28.12.2.1 regex_token_iterator constructors[re.tokiter.cnstr]
        • 28.12.2.2 regex_token_iterator comparisons[re.tokiter.comp]
        • 28.12.2.3 regex_token_iterator dereference[re.tokiter.deref]
        • 28.12.2.4 regex_token_iterator increment[re.tokiter.incr]
    • 28.13 Modified ECMAScript regular expression grammar[re.grammar]
  • 29 Atomic operations library[atomics]
    • 29.1 General[atomics.general]
    • 29.2 Header <atomic> synopsis[atomics.syn]
    • 29.3 Order and consistency[atomics.order]
    • 29.4 Lock-free property[atomics.lockfree]
    • 29.5 Atomic types[atomics.types.generic]
    • 29.6 Operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations]
      • 29.6.1 General operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations.general]
      • 29.6.2 Templated operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations.templ]
      • 29.6.3 Arithmetic operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations.arith]
      • 29.6.4 Operations on atomic pointer types[atomics.types.operations.pointer]
      • 29.6.5 Requirements for operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations.req]
    • 29.7 Flag type and operations[atomics.flag]
    • 29.8 Fences[atomics.fences]
  • 30 Thread support library[thread]
    • 30.1 General[thread.general]
    • 30.2 Requirements[thread.req]
      • 30.2.1 Template parameter names[thread.req.paramname]
      • 30.2.2 Exceptions[thread.req.exception]
      • 30.2.3 Native handles[thread.req.native]
      • 30.2.4 Timing specifications[thread.req.timing]
      • 30.2.5 Requirements for Lockable types[thread.req.lockable]
        • 30.2.5.1 In general[thread.req.lockable.general]
        • 30.2.5.2 BasicLockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.basic]
        • 30.2.5.3 Lockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.req]
        • 30.2.5.4 TimedLockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.timed]
      • 30.2.6 decay_copy[thread.decaycopy]
    • 30.3 Threads[thread.threads]
      • 30.3.1 Class thread[thread.thread.class]
        • 30.3.1.1 Class thread::id[thread.thread.id]
        • 30.3.1.2 thread constructors[thread.thread.constr]
        • 30.3.1.3 thread destructor[thread.thread.destr]
        • 30.3.1.4 thread assignment[thread.thread.assign]
        • 30.3.1.5 thread members[thread.thread.member]
        • 30.3.1.6 thread static members[thread.thread.static]
        • 30.3.1.7 thread specialized algorithms[thread.thread.algorithm]
      • 30.3.2 Namespace this_thread[thread.thread.this]
    • 30.4 Mutual exclusion[thread.mutex]
      • 30.4.1 Mutex requirements[thread.mutex.requirements]
        • 30.4.1.1 In general[thread.mutex.requirements.general]
        • 30.4.1.2 Mutex types[thread.mutex.requirements.mutex]
          • 30.4.1.2.1 Class mutex[thread.mutex.class]
          • 30.4.1.2.2 Class recursive_mutex[thread.mutex.recursive]
        • 30.4.1.3 Timed mutex types[thread.timedmutex.requirements]
          • 30.4.1.3.1 Class timed_mutex[thread.timedmutex.class]
          • 30.4.1.3.2 Class recursive_timed_mutex[thread.timedmutex.recursive]
      • 30.4.2 Locks[thread.lock]
        • 30.4.2.1 Class template lock_guard[thread.lock.guard]
        • 30.4.2.2 Class template unique_lock[thread.lock.unique]
          • 30.4.2.2.1 unique_lock constructors, destructor, and assignment[thread.lock.unique.cons]
          • 30.4.2.2.2 unique_lock locking[thread.lock.unique.locking]
          • 30.4.2.2.3 unique_lock modifiers[thread.lock.unique.mod]
          • 30.4.2.2.4 unique_lock observers[thread.lock.unique.obs]
      • 30.4.3 Generic locking algorithms[thread.lock.algorithm]
      • 30.4.4 Call once[thread.once]
        • 30.4.4.1 Struct once_flag[thread.once.onceflag]
        • 30.4.4.2 Function call_once[thread.once.callonce]
    • 30.5 Condition variables[thread.condition]
      • 30.5.1 Class condition_variable[thread.condition.condvar]
      • 30.5.2 Class condition_variable_any[thread.condition.condvarany]
    • 30.6 Futures[futures]
      • 30.6.1 Overview[futures.overview]
      • 30.6.2 Error handling[futures.errors]
      • 30.6.3 Class future_error[futures.future_error]
      • 30.6.4 Shared state[futures.state]
      • 30.6.5 Class template promise[futures.promise]
      • 30.6.6 Class template future[futures.unique_future]
      • 30.6.7 Class template shared_future[futures.shared_future]
      • 30.6.8 Function template async[futures.async]
      • 30.6.9 Class template packaged_task[futures.task]
        • 30.6.9.1 packaged_task member functions[futures.task.members]
        • 30.6.9.2 packaged_task globals[futures.task.nonmembers]
  • Annex A (informative) Grammar summary[gram]
    • A.1 Keywords[gram.key]
    • A.2 Lexical conventions[gram.lex]
    • A.3 Basic concepts[gram.basic]
    • A.4 Expressions[gram.expr]
    • A.5 Statements[gram.stmt]
    • A.6 Declarations[gram.dcl]
    • A.7 Declarators[gram.decl]
    • A.8 Classes[gram.class]
    • A.9 Derived classes[gram.derived]
    • A.10 Special member functions[gram.special]
    • A.11 Overloading[gram.over]
    • A.12 Templates[gram.temp]
    • A.13 Exception handling[gram.except]
    • A.14 Preprocessing directives[gram.cpp]
  • Annex B (informative) Implementation quantities[implimits]
  • Annex C (informative) Compatibility[diff]
    • C.1 C++ and ISO C[diff.iso]
      • C.1.1 Clause [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.lex]
      • C.1.2 Clause [basic]: basic concepts[diff.basic]
      • C.1.3 Clause [conv]: standard conversions[diff.conv]
      • C.1.4 Clause [expr]: expressions[diff.expr]
      • C.1.5 Clause [stmt.stmt]: statements[diff.stat]
      • C.1.6 Clause [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.dcl]
      • C.1.7 Clause [dcl.decl]: declarators[diff.decl]
      • C.1.8 Clause [class]: classes[diff.class]
      • C.1.9 Clause [special]: special member functions[diff.special]
      • C.1.10 Clause [cpp]: preprocessing directives[diff.cpp]
    • C.2 C++ and ISO C++ 2003[diff.cpp03]
      • C.2.1 Clause [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.cpp03.lex]
      • C.2.2 Clause [expr]: expressions[diff.cpp03.expr]
      • C.2.3 Clause [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.cpp03.dcl.dcl]
      • C.2.4 Clause [dcl.decl]: declarators[diff.cpp03.dcl.decl]
      • C.2.5 Clause [special]: special member functions[diff.cpp03.special]
      • C.2.6 Clause [temp]: templates[diff.cpp03.temp]
      • C.2.7 Clause [library]: library introduction[diff.cpp03.library]
      • C.2.8 Clause [language.support]: language support library[diff.cpp03.language.support]
      • C.2.9 Clause [diagnostics]: diagnostics library[diff.cpp03.diagnostics]
      • C.2.10 Clause [utilities]: general utilities library[diff.cpp03.utilities]
      • C.2.11 Clause [strings]: strings library[diff.cpp03.strings]
      • C.2.12 Clause [containers]: containers library[diff.cpp03.containers]
      • C.2.13 Clause [algorithms]: algorithms library[diff.cpp03.algorithms]
      • C.2.14 Clause [numerics]: numerics library[diff.cpp03.numerics]
      • C.2.15 Clause [input.output]: Input/output library[diff.cpp03.input.output]
    • C.3 C standard library[diff.library]
      • C.3.1 Modifications to headers[diff.mods.to.headers]
      • C.3.2 Modifications to definitions[diff.mods.to.definitions]
        • C.3.2.1 Types char16_t and char32_t[diff.char16]
        • C.3.2.2 Type wchar_t[diff.wchar.t]
        • C.3.2.3 Header <iso646.h>[diff.header.iso646.h]
        • C.3.2.4 Macro NULL[diff.null]
      • C.3.3 Modifications to declarations[diff.mods.to.declarations]
      • C.3.4 Modifications to behavior[diff.mods.to.behavior]
        • C.3.4.1 Macro offsetof(type, member-designator)[diff.offsetof]
        • C.3.4.2 Memory allocation functions[diff.malloc]
  • Annex D (normative) Compatibility features[depr]
    • D.1 Increment operator with bool operand[depr.incr.bool]
    • D.2 register keyword[depr.register]
    • D.3 Implicit declaration of copy functions[depr.impldec]
    • D.4 Dynamic exception specifications[depr.except.spec]
    • D.5 C standard library headers[depr.c.headers]
    • D.6 Old iostreams members[depr.ios.members]
    • D.7 char* streams[depr.str.strstreams]
      • D.7.1 Class strstreambuf[depr.strstreambuf]
        • D.7.1.1 strstreambuf constructors[depr.strstreambuf.cons]
        • D.7.1.2 Member functions[depr.strstreambuf.members]
        • D.7.1.3 strstreambuf overridden virtual functions[depr.strstreambuf.virtuals]
      • D.7.2 Class istrstream[depr.istrstream]
        • D.7.2.1 istrstream constructors[depr.istrstream.cons]
        • D.7.2.2 Member functions[depr.istrstream.members]
      • D.7.3 Class ostrstream[depr.ostrstream]
        • D.7.3.1 ostrstream constructors[depr.ostrstream.cons]
        • D.7.3.2 Member functions[depr.ostrstream.members]
      • D.7.4 Class strstream[depr.strstream]
        • D.7.4.1 strstream constructors[depr.strstream.cons]
        • D.7.4.2 strstream destructor[depr.strstream.dest]
        • D.7.4.3 strstream operations[depr.strstream.oper]
    • D.8 Function objects[depr.function.objects]
      • D.8.1 Base[depr.base]
      • D.8.2 Function adaptors[depr.adaptors]
        • D.8.2.1 Adaptors for pointers to functions[depr.function.pointer.adaptors]
        • D.8.2.2 Adaptors for pointers to members[depr.member.pointer.adaptors]
    • D.9 Binders[depr.lib.binders]
      • D.9.1 Class template binder1st[depr.lib.binder.1st]
      • D.9.2 bind1st[depr.lib.bind.1st]
      • D.9.3 Class template binder2nd[depr.lib.binder.2nd]
      • D.9.4 bind2nd[depr.lib.bind.2nd]
    • D.10 auto_ptr[depr.auto.ptr]
      • D.10.1 Class template auto_ptr[auto.ptr]
        • D.10.1.1 auto_ptr constructors[auto.ptr.cons]
        • D.10.1.2 auto_ptr members[auto.ptr.members]
        • D.10.1.3 auto_ptr conversions[auto.ptr.conv]
    • D.11 Violating exception-specifications[exception.unexpected]
      • D.11.1 Type unexpected_handler[unexpected.handler]
      • D.11.2 set_unexpected[set.unexpected]
      • D.11.3 get_unexpected[get.unexpected]
      • D.11.4 unexpected[unexpected]
  • Annex E (normative) Universal character names for identifier characters[charname]
    • E.1 Ranges of characters allowed[charname.allowed]
    • E.2 Ranges of characters disallowed initially[charname.disallowed]
  • Index[generalindex]
  • Index of library names[libraryindex]
  • Index of implementation-defined behavior[impldefindex]

[edit]

• Contents
  • List of Tables[tab]
  • List of Figures[fig]
  • 1 General[intro]
    • 1.1 Scope[intro.scope]
    • 1.2 Normative references[intro.refs]
    • 1.3 Terms and definitions[intro.defs]
      • 1.3.1 argument[defns.argument]
      • 1.3.2 argument[defns.argument.macro]
      • 1.3.3 argument[defns.argument.throw]
      • 1.3.4 argument[defns.argument.templ]
      • 1.3.5 conditionally-supported[defns.cond.supp]
      • 1.3.6 diagnostic message[defns.diagnostic]
      • 1.3.7 dynamic type[defns.dynamic.type]
      • 1.3.8 dynamic type[defns.dynamic.type.prvalue]
      • 1.3.9 ill-formed program[defns.ill.formed]
      • 1.3.10 implementation-defined behavior[defns.impl.defined]
      • 1.3.11 implementation limits[defns.impl.limits]
      • 1.3.12 locale-specific behavior[defns.locale.specific]
      • 1.3.13 multibyte character[defns.multibyte]
      • 1.3.14 parameter[defns.parameter]
      • 1.3.15 parameter[defns.parameter.macro]
      • 1.3.16 parameter[defns.parameter.templ]
      • 1.3.17 signature[defns.signature]
      • 1.3.18 signature[defns.signature.templ]
      • 1.3.19 signature[defns.signature.spec]
      • 1.3.20 signature[defns.signature.member]
      • 1.3.21 signature[defns.signature.member.templ]
      • 1.3.22 signature[defns.signature.member.spec]
      • 1.3.23 static type[defns.static.type]
      • 1.3.24 undefined behavior[defns.undefined]
      • 1.3.25 unspecified behavior[defns.unspecified]
      • 1.3.26 well-formed program[defns.well.formed]
    • 1.4 Implementation compliance[intro.compliance]
    • 1.5 Structure of this International Standard[intro.structure]
    • 1.6 Syntax notation[syntax]
    • 1.7 The C++ memory model[intro.memory]
    • 1.8 The C++ object model[intro.object]
    • 1.9 Program execution[intro.execution]
    • 1.10 Multi-threaded executions and data races[intro.multithread]
    • 1.11 Acknowledgments[intro.ack]
  • 2 Lexical conventions[lex]
    • 2.1 Separate translation[lex.separate]
    • 2.2 Phases of translation[lex.phases]
    • 2.3 Character sets[lex.charset]
    • 2.4 Trigraph sequences[lex.trigraph]
    • 2.5 Preprocessing tokens[lex.pptoken]
    • 2.6 Alternative tokens[lex.digraph]
    • 2.7 Tokens[lex.token]
    • 2.8 Comments[lex.comment]
    • 2.9 Header names[lex.header]
    • 2.10 Preprocessing numbers[lex.ppnumber]
    • 2.11 Identifiers[lex.name]
    • 2.12 Keywords[lex.key]
    • 2.13 Operators and punctuators[lex.operators]
    • 2.14 Literals[lex.literal]
      • 2.14.1 Kinds of literals[lex.literal.kinds]
      • 2.14.2 Integer literals[lex.icon]
      • 2.14.3 Character literals[lex.ccon]
      • 2.14.4 Floating literals[lex.fcon]
      • 2.14.5 String literals[lex.string]
      • 2.14.6 Boolean literals[lex.bool]
      • 2.14.7 Pointer literals[lex.nullptr]
      • 2.14.8 User-defined literals[lex.ext]
  • 3 Basic concepts[basic]
    • 3.1 Declarations and definitions[basic.def]
    • 3.2 One definition rule[basic.def.odr]
    • 3.3 Scope[basic.scope]
      • 3.3.1 Declarative regions and scopes[basic.scope.declarative]
      • 3.3.2 Point of declaration[basic.scope.pdecl]
      • 3.3.3 Block scope[basic.scope.block]
      • 3.3.4 Function prototype scope[basic.scope.proto]
      • 3.3.5 Function scope[basic.funscope]
      • 3.3.6 Namespace scope[basic.scope.namespace]
      • 3.3.7 Class scope[basic.scope.class]
      • 3.3.8 Enumeration scope[basic.scope.enum]
      • 3.3.9 Template parameter scope[basic.scope.temp]
      • 3.3.10 Name hiding[basic.scope.hiding]
    • 3.4 Name lookup[basic.lookup]
      • 3.4.1 Unqualified name lookup[basic.lookup.unqual]
      • 3.4.2 Argument-dependent name lookup[basic.lookup.argdep]
      • 3.4.3 Qualified name lookup[basic.lookup.qual]
        • 3.4.3.1 Class members[class.qual]
        • 3.4.3.2 Namespace members[namespace.qual]
      • 3.4.4 Elaborated type specifiers[basic.lookup.elab]
      • 3.4.5 Class member access[basic.lookup.classref]
      • 3.4.6 Using-directives and namespace aliases[basic.lookup.udir]
    • 3.5 Program and linkage[basic.link]
    • 3.6 Start and termination[basic.start]
      • 3.6.1 Main function[basic.start.main]
      • 3.6.2 Initialization of non-local variables[basic.start.init]
      • 3.6.3 Termination[basic.start.term]
    • 3.7 Storage duration[basic.stc]
      • 3.7.1 Static storage duration[basic.stc.static]
      • 3.7.2 Thread storage duration[basic.stc.thread]
      • 3.7.3 Automatic storage duration[basic.stc.auto]
      • 3.7.4 Dynamic storage duration[basic.stc.dynamic]
        • 3.7.4.1 Allocation functions[basic.stc.dynamic.allocation]
        • 3.7.4.2 Deallocation functions[basic.stc.dynamic.deallocation]
        • 3.7.4.3 Safely-derived pointers[basic.stc.dynamic.safety]
      • 3.7.5 Duration of subobjects[basic.stc.inherit]
    • 3.8 Object lifetime[basic.life]
    • 3.9 Types[basic.types]
      • 3.9.1 Fundamental types[basic.fundamental]
      • 3.9.2 Compound types[basic.compound]
      • 3.9.3 CV-qualifiers[basic.type.qualifier]
    • 3.10 Lvalues and rvalues[basic.lval]
    • 3.11 Alignment[basic.align]
  • 4 Standard conversions[conv]
    • 4.1 Lvalue-to-rvalue conversion[conv.lval]
    • 4.2 Array-to-pointer conversion[conv.array]
    • 4.3 Function-to-pointer conversion[conv.func]
    • 4.4 Qualification conversions[conv.qual]
    • 4.5 Integral promotions[conv.prom]
    • 4.6 Floating point promotion[conv.fpprom]
    • 4.7 Integral conversions[conv.integral]
    • 4.8 Floating point conversions[conv.double]
    • 4.9 Floating-integral conversions[conv.fpint]
    • 4.10 Pointer conversions[conv.ptr]
    • 4.11 Pointer to member conversions[conv.mem]
    • 4.12 Boolean conversions[conv.bool]
    • 4.13 Integer conversion rank[conv.rank]
  • 5 Expressions[expr]
    • 5.1 Primary expressions[expr.prim]
      • 5.1.1 General[expr.prim.general]
      • 5.1.2 Lambda expressions[expr.prim.lambda]
    • 5.2 Postfix expressions[expr.post]
      • 5.2.1 Subscripting[expr.sub]
      • 5.2.2 Function call[expr.call]
      • 5.2.3 Explicit type conversion (functional notation)[expr.type.conv]
      • 5.2.4 Pseudo destructor call[expr.pseudo]
      • 5.2.5 Class member access[expr.ref]
      • 5.2.6 Increment and decrement[expr.post.incr]
      • 5.2.7 Dynamic cast[expr.dynamic.cast]
      • 5.2.8 Type identification[expr.typeid]
      • 5.2.9 Static cast[expr.static.cast]
      • 5.2.10 Reinterpret cast[expr.reinterpret.cast]
      • 5.2.11 Const cast[expr.const.cast]
    • 5.3 Unary expressions[expr.unary]
      • 5.3.1 Unary operators[expr.unary.op]
      • 5.3.2 Increment and decrement[expr.pre.incr]
      • 5.3.3 Sizeof[expr.sizeof]
      • 5.3.4 New[expr.new]
      • 5.3.5 Delete[expr.delete]
      • 5.3.6 Alignof[expr.alignof]
      • 5.3.7 noexcept operator[expr.unary.noexcept]
    • 5.4 Explicit type conversion (cast notation)[expr.cast]
    • 5.5 Pointer-to-member operators[expr.mptr.oper]
    • 5.6 Multiplicative operators[expr.mul]
    • 5.7 Additive operators[expr.add]
    • 5.8 Shift operators[expr.shift]
    • 5.9 Relational operators[expr.rel]
    • 5.10 Equality operators[expr.eq]
    • 5.11 Bitwise AND operator[expr.bit.and]
    • 5.12 Bitwise exclusive OR operator[expr.xor]
    • 5.13 Bitwise inclusive OR operator[expr.or]
    • 5.14 Logical AND operator[expr.log.and]
    • 5.15 Logical OR operator[expr.log.or]
    • 5.16 Conditional operator[expr.cond]
    • 5.17 Assignment and compound assignment operators[expr.ass]
    • 5.18 Comma operator[expr.comma]
    • 5.19 Constant expressions[expr.const]
  • 6 Statements[stmt.stmt]
    • 6.1 Labeled statement[stmt.label]
    • 6.2 Expression statement[stmt.expr]
    • 6.3 Compound statement or block[stmt.block]
    • 6.4 Selection statements[stmt.select]
      • 6.4.1 The if statement[stmt.if]
      • 6.4.2 The switch statement[stmt.switch]
    • 6.5 Iteration statements[stmt.iter]
      • 6.5.1 The while statement[stmt.while]
      • 6.5.2 The do statement[stmt.do]
      • 6.5.3 The for statement[stmt.for]
      • 6.5.4 The range-based for statement[stmt.ranged]
    • 6.6 Jump statements[stmt.jump]
      • 6.6.1 The break statement[stmt.break]
      • 6.6.2 The continue statement[stmt.cont]
      • 6.6.3 The return statement[stmt.return]
      • 6.6.4 The goto statement[stmt.goto]
    • 6.7 Declaration statement[stmt.dcl]
    • 6.8 Ambiguity resolution[stmt.ambig]
  • 7 Declarations[dcl.dcl]
    • 7.1 Specifiers[dcl.spec]
      • 7.1.1 Storage class specifiers[dcl.stc]
      • 7.1.2 Function specifiers[dcl.fct.spec]
      • 7.1.3 The typedef specifier[dcl.typedef]
      • 7.1.4 The friend specifier[dcl.friend]
      • 7.1.5 The constexpr specifier[dcl.constexpr]
      • 7.1.6 Type specifiers[dcl.type]
        • 7.1.6.1 The cv-qualifiers[dcl.type.cv]
        • 7.1.6.2 Simple type specifiers[dcl.type.simple]
        • 7.1.6.3 Elaborated type specifiers[dcl.type.elab]
        • 7.1.6.4 auto specifier[dcl.spec.auto]
    • 7.2 Enumeration declarations[dcl.enum]
    • 7.3 Namespaces[basic.namespace]
      • 7.3.1 Namespace definition[namespace.def]
        • 7.3.1.1 Unnamed namespaces[namespace.unnamed]
        • 7.3.1.2 Namespace member definitions[namespace.memdef]
      • 7.3.2 Namespace alias[namespace.alias]
      • 7.3.3 The using declaration[namespace.udecl]
      • 7.3.4 Using directive[namespace.udir]
    • 7.4 The asm declaration[dcl.asm]
    • 7.5 Linkage specifications[dcl.link]
    • 7.6 Attributes[dcl.attr]
      • 7.6.1 Attribute syntax and semantics[dcl.attr.grammar]
      • 7.6.2 Alignment specifier[dcl.align]
      • 7.6.3 Noreturn attribute[dcl.attr.noreturn]
      • 7.6.4 Carries dependency attribute[dcl.attr.depend]
      • 7.6.5 Deprecated attribute[dcl.attr.deprecated]
  • 8 Declarators[dcl.decl]
    • 8.1 Type names[dcl.name]
    • 8.2 Ambiguity resolution[dcl.ambig.res]
    • 8.3 Meaning of declarators[dcl.meaning]
      • 8.3.1 Pointers[dcl.ptr]
      • 8.3.2 References[dcl.ref]
      • 8.3.3 Pointers to members[dcl.mptr]
      • 8.3.4 Arrays[dcl.array]
      • 8.3.5 Functions[dcl.fct]
      • 8.3.6 Default arguments[dcl.fct.default]
    • 8.4 Function definitions[dcl.fct.def]
      • 8.4.1 In general[dcl.fct.def.general]
      • 8.4.2 Explicitly-defaulted functions[dcl.fct.def.default]
      • 8.4.3 Deleted definitions[dcl.fct.def.delete]
    • 8.5 Initializers[dcl.init]
      • 8.5.1 Aggregates[dcl.init.aggr]
      • 8.5.2 Character arrays[dcl.init.string]
      • 8.5.3 References[dcl.init.ref]
      • 8.5.4 List-initialization[dcl.init.list]
  • 9 Classes[class]
    • 9.1 Class names[class.name]
    • 9.2 Class members[class.mem]
    • 9.3 Member functions[class.mfct]
      • 9.3.1 Nonstatic member functions[class.mfct.non-static]
      • 9.3.2 The this pointer[class.this]
    • 9.4 Static members[class.static]
      • 9.4.1 Static member functions[class.static.mfct]
      • 9.4.2 Static data members[class.static.data]
    • 9.5 Unions[class.union]
    • 9.6 Bit-fields[class.bit]
    • 9.7 Nested class declarations[class.nest]
    • 9.8 Local class declarations[class.local]
    • 9.9 Nested type names[class.nested.type]
  • 10 Derived classes[class.derived]
    • 10.1 Multiple base classes[class.mi]
    • 10.2 Member name lookup[class.member.lookup]
    • 10.3 Virtual functions[class.virtual]
    • 10.4 Abstract classes[class.abstract]
  • 11 Member access control[class.access]
    • 11.1 Access specifiers[class.access.spec]
    • 11.2 Accessibility of base classes and base class members[class.access.base]
    • 11.3 Friends[class.friend]
    • 11.4 Protected member access[class.protected]
    • 11.5 Access to virtual functions[class.access.virt]
    • 11.6 Multiple access[class.paths]
    • 11.7 Nested classes[class.access.nest]
  • 12 Special member functions[special]
    • 12.1 Constructors[class.ctor]
    • 12.2 Temporary objects[class.temporary]
    • 12.3 Conversions[class.conv]
      • 12.3.1 Conversion by constructor[class.conv.ctor]
      • 12.3.2 Conversion functions[class.conv.fct]
    • 12.4 Destructors[class.dtor]
    • 12.5 Free store[class.free]
    • 12.6 Initialization[class.init]
      • 12.6.1 Explicit initialization[class.expl.init]
      • 12.6.2 Initializing bases and members[class.base.init]
    • 12.7 Construction and destruction[class.cdtor]
    • 12.8 Copying and moving class objects[class.copy]
    • 12.9 Inheriting constructors[class.inhctor]
  • 13 Overloading[over]
    • 13.1 Overloadable declarations[over.load]
    • 13.2 Declaration matching[over.dcl]
    • 13.3 Overload resolution[over.match]
      • 13.3.1 Candidate functions and argument lists[over.match.funcs]
        • 13.3.1.1 Function call syntax[over.match.call]
          • 13.3.1.1.1 Call to named function[over.call.func]
          • 13.3.1.1.2 Call to object of class type[over.call.object]
        • 13.3.1.2 Operators in expressions[over.match.oper]
        • 13.3.1.3 Initialization by constructor[over.match.ctor]
        • 13.3.1.4 Copy-initialization of class by user-defined conversion[over.match.copy]
        • 13.3.1.5 Initialization by conversion function[over.match.conv]
        • 13.3.1.6 Initialization by conversion function for direct reference binding[over.match.ref]
        • 13.3.1.7 Initialization by list-initialization[over.match.list]
      • 13.3.2 Viable functions[over.match.viable]
      • 13.3.3 Best viable function[over.match.best]
        • 13.3.3.1 Implicit conversion sequences[over.best.ics]
          • 13.3.3.1.1 Standard conversion sequences[over.ics.scs]
          • 13.3.3.1.2 User-defined conversion sequences[over.ics.user]
          • 13.3.3.1.3 Ellipsis conversion sequences[over.ics.ellipsis]
          • 13.3.3.1.4 Reference binding[over.ics.ref]
          • 13.3.3.1.5 List-initialization sequence[over.ics.list]
        • 13.3.3.2 Ranking implicit conversion sequences[over.ics.rank]
    • 13.4 Address of overloaded function[over.over]
    • 13.5 Overloaded operators[over.oper]
      • 13.5.1 Unary operators[over.unary]
      • 13.5.2 Binary operators[over.binary]
      • 13.5.3 Assignment[over.ass]
      • 13.5.4 Function call[over.call]
      • 13.5.5 Subscripting[over.sub]
      • 13.5.6 Class member access[over.ref]
      • 13.5.7 Increment and decrement[over.inc]
      • 13.5.8 User-defined literals[over.literal]
    • 13.6 Built-in operators[over.built]
  • 14 Templates[temp]
    • 14.1 Template parameters[temp.param]
    • 14.2 Names of template specializations[temp.names]
    • 14.3 Template arguments[temp.arg]
      • 14.3.1 Template type arguments[temp.arg.type]
      • 14.3.2 Template non-type arguments[temp.arg.nontype]
      • 14.3.3 Template template arguments[temp.arg.template]
    • 14.4 Type equivalence[temp.type]
    • 14.5 Template declarations[temp.decls]
      • 14.5.1 Class templates[temp.class]
        • 14.5.1.1 Member functions of class templates[temp.mem.func]
        • 14.5.1.2 Member classes of class templates[temp.mem.class]
        • 14.5.1.3 Static data members of class templates[temp.static]
        • 14.5.1.4 Enumeration members of class templates[temp.mem.enum]
      • 14.5.2 Member templates[temp.mem]
      • 14.5.3 Variadic templates[temp.variadic]
      • 14.5.4 Friends[temp.friend]
      • 14.5.5 Class template partial specializations[temp.class.spec]
        • 14.5.5.1 Matching of class template partial specializations[temp.class.spec.match]
        • 14.5.5.2 Partial ordering of class template specializations[temp.class.order]
        • 14.5.5.3 Members of class template specializations[temp.class.spec.mfunc]
      • 14.5.6 Function templates[temp.fct]
        • 14.5.6.1 Function template overloading[temp.over.link]
        • 14.5.6.2 Partial ordering of function templates[temp.func.order]
      • 14.5.7 Alias templates[temp.alias]
    • 14.6 Name resolution[temp.res]
      • 14.6.1 Locally declared names[temp.local]
      • 14.6.2 Dependent names[temp.dep]
        • 14.6.2.1 Dependent types[temp.dep.type]
        • 14.6.2.2 Type-dependent expressions[temp.dep.expr]
        • 14.6.2.3 Value-dependent expressions[temp.dep.constexpr]
        • 14.6.2.4 Dependent template arguments[temp.dep.temp]
      • 14.6.3 Non-dependent names[temp.nondep]
      • 14.6.4 Dependent name resolution[temp.dep.res]
        • 14.6.4.1 Point of instantiation[temp.point]
        • 14.6.4.2 Candidate functions[temp.dep.candidate]
      • 14.6.5 Friend names declared within a class template[temp.inject]
    • 14.7 Template instantiation and specialization[temp.spec]
      • 14.7.1 Implicit instantiation[temp.inst]
      • 14.7.2 Explicit instantiation[temp.explicit]
      • 14.7.3 Explicit specialization[temp.expl.spec]
    • 14.8 Function template specializations[temp.fct.spec]
      • 14.8.1 Explicit template argument specification[temp.arg.explicit]
      • 14.8.2 Template argument deduction[temp.deduct]
        • 14.8.2.1 Deducing template arguments from a function call[temp.deduct.call]
        • 14.8.2.2 Deducing template arguments taking the address of a function template[temp.deduct.funcaddr]
        • 14.8.2.3 Deducing conversion function template arguments[temp.deduct.conv]
        • 14.8.2.4 Deducing template arguments during partial ordering[temp.deduct.partial]
        • 14.8.2.5 Deducing template arguments from a type[temp.deduct.type]
        • 14.8.2.6 Deducing template arguments from a function declaration[temp.deduct.decl]
      • 14.8.3 Overload resolution[temp.over]
  • 15 Exception handling[except]
    • 15.1 Throwing an exception[except.throw]
    • 15.2 Constructors and destructors[except.ctor]
    • 15.3 Handling an exception[except.handle]
    • 15.4 Exception specifications[except.spec]
    • 15.5 Special functions[except.special]
      • 15.5.1 The std::terminate() function[except.terminate]
      • 15.5.2 The std::unexpected() function[except.unexpected]
      • 15.5.3 The std::uncaught_exception() function[except.uncaught]
  • 16 Preprocessing directives[cpp]
    • 16.1 Conditional inclusion[cpp.cond]
    • 16.2 Source file inclusion[cpp.include]
    • 16.3 Macro replacement[cpp.replace]
      • 16.3.1 Argument substitution[cpp.subst]
      • 16.3.2 The # operator[cpp.stringize]
      • 16.3.3 The ## operator[cpp.concat]
      • 16.3.4 Rescanning and further replacement[cpp.rescan]
      • 16.3.5 Scope of macro definitions[cpp.scope]
    • 16.4 Line control[cpp.line]
    • 16.5 Error directive[cpp.error]
    • 16.6 Pragma directive[cpp.pragma]
    • 16.7 Null directive[cpp.null]
    • 16.8 Predefined macro names[cpp.predefined]
    • 16.9 Pragma operator[cpp.pragma.op]
  • 17 Library introduction[library]
    • 17.1 General[library.general]
    • 17.2 The C standard library[library.c]
    • 17.3 Definitions[definitions]
      • 17.3.1 arbitrary-positional stream[defns.arbitrary.stream]
      • 17.3.2 block[defns.block]
      • 17.3.3 blocked thread[defns.blocked]
      • 17.3.4 character[defns.character]
      • 17.3.5 character container type[defns.character.container]
      • 17.3.6 comparison function[defns.comparison]
      • 17.3.7 component[defns.component]
      • 17.3.8 deadlock[defns.deadlock]
      • 17.3.9 default behavior[defns.default.behavior.impl]
      • 17.3.10 default behavior[defns.default.behavior.func]
      • 17.3.11 handler function[defns.handler]
      • 17.3.12 iostream class templates[defns.iostream.templates]
      • 17.3.13 modifier function[defns.modifier]
      • 17.3.14 move construction[defns.move.constr]
      • 17.3.15 move assignment[defns.move.assign]
      • 17.3.16 object state[defns.obj.state]
      • 17.3.17 NTCTS[defns.ntcts]
      • 17.3.18 observer function[defns.observer]
      • 17.3.19 referenceable type[defns.referenceable]
      • 17.3.20 replacement function[defns.replacement]
      • 17.3.21 repositional stream[defns.repositional.stream]
      • 17.3.22 required behavior[defns.required.behavior]
      • 17.3.23 reserved function[defns.reserved.function]
      • 17.3.24 stable algorithm[defns.stable]
      • 17.3.25 traits class[defns.traits]
      • 17.3.26 unblock[defns.unblock]
      • 17.3.27 valid but unspecified state[defns.valid]
    • 17.4 Additional definitions[defns.additional]
    • 17.5 Method of description (Informative)[description]
      • 17.5.1 Structure of each clause[structure]
        • 17.5.1.1 Elements[structure.elements]
        • 17.5.1.2 Summary[structure.summary]
        • 17.5.1.3 Requirements[structure.requirements]
        • 17.5.1.4 Detailed specifications[structure.specifications]
        • 17.5.1.5 C library[structure.see.also]
      • 17.5.2 Other conventions[conventions]
        • 17.5.2.1 Type descriptions[type.descriptions]
          • 17.5.2.1.1 General[type.descriptions.general]
          • 17.5.2.1.2 Enumerated types[enumerated.types]
          • 17.5.2.1.3 Bitmask types[bitmask.types]
          • 17.5.2.1.4 Character sequences[character.seq]
            • 17.5.2.1.4.1 Byte strings[byte.strings]
            • 17.5.2.1.4.2 Multibyte strings[multibyte.strings]
        • 17.5.2.2 Functions within classes[functions.within.classes]
        • 17.5.2.3 Private members[objects.within.classes]
    • 17.6 Library-wide requirements[requirements]
      • 17.6.1 Library contents and organization[organization]
        • 17.6.1.1 Library contents[contents]
        • 17.6.1.2 Headers[headers]
        • 17.6.1.3 Freestanding implementations[compliance]
      • 17.6.2 Using the library[using]
        • 17.6.2.1 Overview[using.overview]
        • 17.6.2.2 Headers[using.headers]
        • 17.6.2.3 Linkage[using.linkage]
      • 17.6.3 Requirements on types and expressions[utility.requirements]
        • 17.6.3.1 Template argument requirements[utility.arg.requirements]
        • 17.6.3.2 Swappable requirements[swappable.requirements]
        • 17.6.3.3 NullablePointer requirements[nullablepointer.requirements]
        • 17.6.3.4 Hash requirements[hash.requirements]
        • 17.6.3.5 Allocator requirements[allocator.requirements]
      • 17.6.4 Constraints on programs[constraints]
        • 17.6.4.1 Overview[constraints.overview]
        • 17.6.4.2 Namespace use[namespace.constraints]
          • 17.6.4.2.1 Namespace std[namespace.std]
          • 17.6.4.2.2 Namespace posix[namespace.posix]
        • 17.6.4.3 Reserved names[reserved.names]
          • 17.6.4.3.1 Macro names[macro.names]
          • 17.6.4.3.2 Global names[global.names]
          • 17.6.4.3.3 External linkage[extern.names]
          • 17.6.4.3.4 Types[extern.types]
          • 17.6.4.3.5 User-defined literal suffixes[usrlit.suffix]
        • 17.6.4.4 Headers[alt.headers]
        • 17.6.4.5 Derived classes[derived.classes]
        • 17.6.4.6 Replacement functions[replacement.functions]
        • 17.6.4.7 Handler functions[handler.functions]
        • 17.6.4.8 Other functions[res.on.functions]
        • 17.6.4.9 Function arguments[res.on.arguments]
        • 17.6.4.10 Shared objects and the library[res.on.objects]
        • 17.6.4.11 Requires paragraph[res.on.required]
      • 17.6.5 Conforming implementations[conforming]
        • 17.6.5.1 Overview[conforming.overview]
        • 17.6.5.2 Headers[res.on.headers]
        • 17.6.5.3 Restrictions on macro definitions[res.on.macro.definitions]
        • 17.6.5.4 Global and non-member functions[global.functions]
        • 17.6.5.5 Member functions[member.functions]
        • 17.6.5.6 constexpr functions and constructors[constexpr.functions]
        • 17.6.5.7 Requirements for stable algorithms[algorithm.stable]
        • 17.6.5.8 Reentrancy[reentrancy]
        • 17.6.5.9 Data race avoidance[res.on.data.races]
        • 17.6.5.10 Protection within classes[protection.within.classes]
        • 17.6.5.11 Derived classes[derivation]
        • 17.6.5.12 Restrictions on exception handling[res.on.exception.handling]
        • 17.6.5.13 Restrictions on storage of pointers[res.on.pointer.storage]
        • 17.6.5.14 Value of error codes[value.error.codes]
        • 17.6.5.15 Moved-from state of library types[lib.types.movedfrom]
  • 18 Language support library[language.support]
    • 18.1 General[support.general]
    • 18.2 Types[support.types]
    • 18.3 Implementation properties[support.limits]
      • 18.3.1 In general[support.limits.general]
      • 18.3.2 Numeric limits[limits]
        • 18.3.2.1 Class template numeric_limits[limits.numeric]
        • 18.3.2.2 Header <limits> synopsis[limits.syn]
        • 18.3.2.3 Class template numeric_limits[numeric.limits]
        • 18.3.2.4 numeric_limits members[numeric.limits.members]
        • 18.3.2.5 Type float_round_style[round.style]
        • 18.3.2.6 Type float_denorm_style[denorm.style]
        • 18.3.2.7 numeric_limits specializations[numeric.special]
      • 18.3.3 C library[c.limits]
    • 18.4 Integer types[cstdint]
      • 18.4.1 Header <cstdint> synopsis[cstdint.syn]
    • 18.5 Start and termination[support.start.term]
    • 18.6 Dynamic memory management[support.dynamic]
      • 18.6.1 Storage allocation and deallocation[new.delete]
        • 18.6.1.1 Single-object forms[new.delete.single]
        • 18.6.1.2 Array forms[new.delete.array]
        • 18.6.1.3 Placement forms[new.delete.placement]
        • 18.6.1.4 Data races[new.delete.dataraces]
      • 18.6.2 Storage allocation errors[alloc.errors]
        • 18.6.2.1 Class bad_alloc[bad.alloc]
        • 18.6.2.2 Class bad_array_new_length[new.badlength]
        • 18.6.2.3 Type new_handler[new.handler]
        • 18.6.2.4 set_new_handler[set.new.handler]
        • 18.6.2.5 get_new_handler[get.new.handler]
    • 18.7 Type identification[support.rtti]
      • 18.7.1 Class type_info[type.info]
      • 18.7.2 Class bad_cast[bad.cast]
      • 18.7.3 Class bad_typeid[bad.typeid]
    • 18.8 Exception handling[support.exception]
      • 18.8.1 Class exception[exception]
      • 18.8.2 Class bad_exception[bad.exception]
      • 18.8.3 Abnormal termination[exception.terminate]
        • 18.8.3.1 Type terminate_handler[terminate.handler]
        • 18.8.3.2 set_terminate[set.terminate]
        • 18.8.3.3 get_terminate[get.terminate]
        • 18.8.3.4 terminate[terminate]
      • 18.8.4 uncaught_exception[uncaught]
      • 18.8.5 Exception propagation[propagation]
      • 18.8.6 nested_exception[except.nested]
    • 18.9 Initializer lists[support.initlist]
      • 18.9.1 Initializer list constructors[support.initlist.cons]
      • 18.9.2 Initializer list access[support.initlist.access]
      • 18.9.3 Initializer list range access[support.initlist.range]
    • 18.10 Other runtime support[support.runtime]
  • 19 Diagnostics library[diagnostics]
    • 19.1 General[diagnostics.general]
    • 19.2 Exception classes[std.exceptions]
      • 19.2.1 Class logic_error[logic.error]
      • 19.2.2 Class domain_error[domain.error]
      • 19.2.3 Class invalid_argument[invalid.argument]
      • 19.2.4 Class length_error[length.error]
      • 19.2.5 Class out_of_range[out.of.range]
      • 19.2.6 Class runtime_error[runtime.error]
      • 19.2.7 Class range_error[range.error]
      • 19.2.8 Class overflow_error[overflow.error]
      • 19.2.9 Class underflow_error[underflow.error]
    • 19.3 Assertions[assertions]
    • 19.4 Error numbers[errno]
    • 19.5 System error support[syserr]
      • 19.5.1 Class error_category[syserr.errcat]
        • 19.5.1.1 Class error_category overview[syserr.errcat.overview]
        • 19.5.1.2 Class error_category virtual members[syserr.errcat.virtuals]
        • 19.5.1.3 Class error_category non-virtual members[syserr.errcat.nonvirtuals]
        • 19.5.1.4 Program defined classes derived from error_category[syserr.errcat.derived]
        • 19.5.1.5 Error category objects[syserr.errcat.objects]
      • 19.5.2 Class error_code[syserr.errcode]
        • 19.5.2.1 Class error_code overview[syserr.errcode.overview]
        • 19.5.2.2 Class error_code constructors[syserr.errcode.constructors]
        • 19.5.2.3 Class error_code modifiers[syserr.errcode.modifiers]
        • 19.5.2.4 Class error_code observers[syserr.errcode.observers]
        • 19.5.2.5 Class error_code non-member functions[syserr.errcode.nonmembers]
      • 19.5.3 Class error_condition[syserr.errcondition]
        • 19.5.3.1 Class error_condition overview[syserr.errcondition.overview]
        • 19.5.3.2 Class error_condition constructors[syserr.errcondition.constructors]
        • 19.5.3.3 Class error_condition modifiers[syserr.errcondition.modifiers]
        • 19.5.3.4 Class error_condition observers[syserr.errcondition.observers]
        • 19.5.3.5 Class error_condition non-member functions[syserr.errcondition.nonmembers]
      • 19.5.4 Comparison operators[syserr.compare]
      • 19.5.5 System error hash support[syserr.hash]
      • 19.5.6 Class system_error[syserr.syserr]
        • 19.5.6.1 Class system_error overview[syserr.syserr.overview]
        • 19.5.6.2 Class system_error members[syserr.syserr.members]
  • 20 General utilities library[utilities]
    • 20.1 General[utilities.general]
    • 20.2 Utility components[utility]
      • 20.2.1 Operators[operators]
      • 20.2.2 swap[utility.swap]
      • 20.2.3 exchange[utility.exchange]
      • 20.2.4 forward/move helpers[forward]
      • 20.2.5 Function template declval[declval]
    • 20.3 Pairs[pairs]
      • 20.3.1 In general[pairs.general]
      • 20.3.2 Class template pair[pairs.pair]
      • 20.3.3 Specialized algorithms[pairs.spec]
      • 20.3.4 Tuple-like access to pair[pair.astuple]
      • 20.3.5 Piecewise construction[pair.piecewise]
    • 20.4 Tuples[tuple]
      • 20.4.1 In general[tuple.general]
      • 20.4.2 Class template tuple[tuple.tuple]
        • 20.4.2.1 Construction[tuple.cnstr]
        • 20.4.2.2 Assignment[tuple.assign]
        • 20.4.2.3 swap[tuple.swap]
        • 20.4.2.4 Tuple creation functions[tuple.creation]
        • 20.4.2.5 Tuple helper classes[tuple.helper]
        • 20.4.2.6 Element access[tuple.elem]
        • 20.4.2.7 Relational operators[tuple.rel]
        • 20.4.2.8 Tuple traits[tuple.traits]
        • 20.4.2.9 Tuple specialized algorithms[tuple.special]
    • 20.5 Compile-time integer sequences[intseq]
      • 20.5.1 In general[intseq.general]
      • 20.5.2 Class template integer_sequence[intseq.intseq]
      • 20.5.3 Alias template make_integer_sequence[intseq.make]
    • 20.6 Class template bitset[template.bitset]
      • 20.6.1 bitset constructors[bitset.cons]
      • 20.6.2 bitset members[bitset.members]
      • 20.6.3 bitset hash support[bitset.hash]
      • 20.6.4 bitset operators[bitset.operators]
    • 20.7 Memory[memory]
      • 20.7.1 In general[memory.general]
      • 20.7.2 Header <memory> synopsis[memory.syn]
      • 20.7.3 Pointer traits[pointer.traits]
        • 20.7.3.1 Pointer traits member types[pointer.traits.types]
        • 20.7.3.2 Pointer traits member functions[pointer.traits.functions]
      • 20.7.4 Pointer safety[util.dynamic.safety]
      • 20.7.5 Align[ptr.align]
      • 20.7.6 Allocator argument tag[allocator.tag]
      • 20.7.7 uses_allocator[allocator.uses]
        • 20.7.7.1 uses_allocator trait[allocator.uses.trait]
        • 20.7.7.2 uses-allocator construction[allocator.uses.construction]
      • 20.7.8 Allocator traits[allocator.traits]
        • 20.7.8.1 Allocator traits member types[allocator.traits.types]
        • 20.7.8.2 Allocator traits static member functions[allocator.traits.members]
      • 20.7.9 The default allocator[default.allocator]
        • 20.7.9.1 allocator members[allocator.members]
        • 20.7.9.2 allocator globals[allocator.globals]
      • 20.7.10 Raw storage iterator[storage.iterator]
      • 20.7.11 Temporary buffers[temporary.buffer]
      • 20.7.12 Specialized algorithms[specialized.algorithms]
        • 20.7.12.1 addressof[specialized.addressof]
        • 20.7.12.2 uninitialized_copy[uninitialized.copy]
        • 20.7.12.3 uninitialized_fill[uninitialized.fill]
        • 20.7.12.4 uninitialized_fill_n[uninitialized.fill.n]
      • 20.7.13 C library[c.malloc]
    • 20.8 Smart pointers[smartptr]
      • 20.8.1 Class template unique_ptr[unique.ptr]
        • 20.8.1.1 Default deleters[unique.ptr.dltr]
          • 20.8.1.1.1 In general[unique.ptr.dltr.general]
          • 20.8.1.1.2 default_delete[unique.ptr.dltr.dflt]
          • 20.8.1.1.3 default_delete<T[]>[unique.ptr.dltr.dflt1]
        • 20.8.1.2 unique_ptr for single objects[unique.ptr.single]
          • 20.8.1.2.1 unique_ptr constructors[unique.ptr.single.ctor]
          • 20.8.1.2.2 unique_ptr destructor[unique.ptr.single.dtor]
          • 20.8.1.2.3 unique_ptr assignment[unique.ptr.single.asgn]
          • 20.8.1.2.4 unique_ptr observers[unique.ptr.single.observers]
          • 20.8.1.2.5 unique_ptr modifiers[unique.ptr.single.modifiers]
        • 20.8.1.3 unique_ptr for array objects with a runtime length[unique.ptr.runtime]
          • 20.8.1.3.1 unique_ptr constructors[unique.ptr.runtime.ctor]
          • 20.8.1.3.2 unique_ptr observers[unique.ptr.runtime.observers]
          • 20.8.1.3.3 unique_ptr modifiers[unique.ptr.runtime.modifiers]
        • 20.8.1.4 unique_ptr creation[unique.ptr.create]
        • 20.8.1.5 unique_ptr specialized algorithms[unique.ptr.special]
      • 20.8.2 Shared-ownership pointers[util.smartptr]
        • 20.8.2.1 Class bad_weak_ptr[util.smartptr.weakptr]
        • 20.8.2.2 Class template shared_ptr[util.smartptr.shared]
          • 20.8.2.2.1 shared_ptr constructors[util.smartptr.shared.const]
          • 20.8.2.2.2 shared_ptr destructor[util.smartptr.shared.dest]
          • 20.8.2.2.3 shared_ptr assignment[util.smartptr.shared.assign]
          • 20.8.2.2.4 shared_ptr modifiers[util.smartptr.shared.mod]
          • 20.8.2.2.5 shared_ptr observers[util.smartptr.shared.obs]
          • 20.8.2.2.6 shared_ptr creation[util.smartptr.shared.create]
          • 20.8.2.2.7 shared_ptr comparison[util.smartptr.shared.cmp]
          • 20.8.2.2.8 shared_ptr specialized algorithms[util.smartptr.shared.spec]
          • 20.8.2.2.9 shared_ptr casts[util.smartptr.shared.cast]
          • 20.8.2.2.10 get_deleter[util.smartptr.getdeleter]
          • 20.8.2.2.11 shared_ptr I/O[util.smartptr.shared.io]
        • 20.8.2.3 Class template weak_ptr[util.smartptr.weak]
          • 20.8.2.3.1 weak_ptr constructors[util.smartptr.weak.const]
          • 20.8.2.3.2 weak_ptr destructor[util.smartptr.weak.dest]
          • 20.8.2.3.3 weak_ptr assignment[util.smartptr.weak.assign]
          • 20.8.2.3.4 weak_ptr modifiers[util.smartptr.weak.mod]
          • 20.8.2.3.5 weak_ptr observers[util.smartptr.weak.obs]
          • 20.8.2.3.6 weak_ptr specialized algorithms[util.smartptr.weak.spec]
        • 20.8.2.4 Class template owner_less[util.smartptr.ownerless]
        • 20.8.2.5 Class template enable_shared_from_this[util.smartptr.enab]
        • 20.8.2.6 shared_ptr atomic access[util.smartptr.shared.atomic]
        • 20.8.2.7 Smart pointer hash support[util.smartptr.hash]
    • 20.9 Function objects[function.objects]
      • 20.9.1 Definitions[func.def]
      • 20.9.2 Requirements[func.require]
      • 20.9.3 Class template reference_wrapper[refwrap]
        • 20.9.3.1 reference_wrapper construct/copy/destroy[refwrap.const]
        • 20.9.3.2 reference_wrapper assignment[refwrap.assign]
        • 20.9.3.3 reference_wrapper access[refwrap.access]
        • 20.9.3.4 reference_wrapper invocation[refwrap.invoke]
        • 20.9.3.5 reference_wrapper helper functions[refwrap.helpers]
      • 20.9.4 Arithmetic operations[arithmetic.operations]
      • 20.9.5 Comparisons[comparisons]
      • 20.9.6 Logical operations[logical.operations]
      • 20.9.7 Bitwise operations[bitwise.operations]
      • 20.9.8 Negators[negators]
      • 20.9.9 Function object binders[func.bind]
        • 20.9.9.1 Class template is_bind_expression[func.bind.isbind]
        • 20.9.9.2 Class template is_placeholder[func.bind.isplace]
        • 20.9.9.3 Function template bind[func.bind.bind]
        • 20.9.9.4 Placeholders[func.bind.place]
      • 20.9.10 Function template mem_fn[func.memfn]
      • 20.9.11 Polymorphic function wrappers[func.wrap]
        • 20.9.11.1 Class bad_function_call[func.wrap.badcall]
          • 20.9.11.1.1 bad_function_call constructor[func.wrap.badcall.const]
        • 20.9.11.2 Class template function[func.wrap.func]
          • 20.9.11.2.1 function construct/copy/destroy[func.wrap.func.con]
          • 20.9.11.2.2 function modifiers[func.wrap.func.mod]
          • 20.9.11.2.3 function capacity[func.wrap.func.cap]
          • 20.9.11.2.4 function invocation[func.wrap.func.inv]
          • 20.9.11.2.5 function target access[func.wrap.func.targ]
          • 20.9.11.2.6 null pointer comparison operators[func.wrap.func.nullptr]
          • 20.9.11.2.7 specialized algorithms[func.wrap.func.alg]
      • 20.9.12 Class template hash[unord.hash]
    • 20.10 Metaprogramming and type traits[meta]
      • 20.10.1 Requirements[meta.rqmts]
      • 20.10.2 Header <type_traits> synopsis[meta.type.synop]
      • 20.10.3 Helper classes[meta.help]
      • 20.10.4 Unary type traits[meta.unary]
        • 20.10.4.1 Primary type categories[meta.unary.cat]
        • 20.10.4.2 Composite type traits[meta.unary.comp]
        • 20.10.4.3 Type properties[meta.unary.prop]
      • 20.10.5 Type property queries[meta.unary.prop.query]
      • 20.10.6 Relationships between types[meta.rel]
      • 20.10.7 Transformations between types[meta.trans]
        • 20.10.7.1 Const-volatile modifications[meta.trans.cv]
        • 20.10.7.2 Reference modifications[meta.trans.ref]
        • 20.10.7.3 Sign modifications[meta.trans.sign]
        • 20.10.7.4 Array modifications[meta.trans.arr]
        • 20.10.7.5 Pointer modifications[meta.trans.ptr]
        • 20.10.7.6 Other transformations[meta.trans.other]
    • 20.11 Compile-time rational arithmetic[ratio]
      • 20.11.1 In general[ratio.general]
      • 20.11.2 Header <ratio> synopsis[ratio.syn]
      • 20.11.3 Class template ratio[ratio.ratio]
      • 20.11.4 Arithmetic on ratios[ratio.arithmetic]
      • 20.11.5 Comparison of ratios[ratio.comparison]
      • 20.11.6 SI types for ratio[ratio.si]
    • 20.12 Time utilities[time]
      • 20.12.1 In general[time.general]
      • 20.12.2 Header <chrono> synopsis[time.syn]
      • 20.12.3 Clock requirements[time.clock.req]
      • 20.12.4 Time-related traits[time.traits]
        • 20.12.4.1 treat_as_floating_point[time.traits.is_fp]
        • 20.12.4.2 duration_values[time.traits.duration_values]
        • 20.12.4.3 Specializations of common_type[time.traits.specializations]
      • 20.12.5 Class template duration[time.duration]
        • 20.12.5.1 duration constructors[time.duration.cons]
        • 20.12.5.2 duration observer[time.duration.observer]
        • 20.12.5.3 duration arithmetic[time.duration.arithmetic]
        • 20.12.5.4 duration special values[time.duration.special]
        • 20.12.5.5 duration non-member arithmetic[time.duration.nonmember]
        • 20.12.5.6 duration comparisons[time.duration.comparisons]
        • 20.12.5.7 duration_cast[time.duration.cast]
        • 20.12.5.8 Suffixes for duration literals[time.duration.literals]
      • 20.12.6 Class template time_point[time.point]
        • 20.12.6.1 time_point constructors[time.point.cons]
        • 20.12.6.2 time_point observer[time.point.observer]
        • 20.12.6.3 time_point arithmetic[time.point.arithmetic]
        • 20.12.6.4 time_point special values[time.point.special]
        • 20.12.6.5 time_point non-member arithmetic[time.point.nonmember]
        • 20.12.6.6 time_point comparisons[time.point.comparisons]
        • 20.12.6.7 time_point_cast[time.point.cast]
      • 20.12.7 Clocks[time.clock]
        • 20.12.7.1 Class system_clock[time.clock.system]
        • 20.12.7.2 Class steady_clock[time.clock.steady]
        • 20.12.7.3 Class high_resolution_clock[time.clock.hires]
      • 20.12.8 Date and time functions[date.time]
    • 20.13 Class template scoped_allocator_adaptor[allocator.adaptor]
      • 20.13.1 Header <scoped_allocator> synopsis[allocator.adaptor.syn]
      • 20.13.2 Scoped allocator adaptor member types[allocator.adaptor.types]
      • 20.13.3 Scoped allocator adaptor constructors[allocator.adaptor.cnstr]
      • 20.13.4 Scoped allocator adaptor members[allocator.adaptor.members]
      • 20.13.5 Scoped allocator operators[scoped.adaptor.operators]
    • 20.14 Class type_index[type.index]
      • 20.14.1 Header <typeindex> synopsis[type.index.synopsis]
      • 20.14.2 type_index overview[type.index.overview]
      • 20.14.3 type_index members[type.index.members]
      • 20.14.4 Hash support[type.index.hash]
  • 21 Strings library[strings]
    • 21.1 General[strings.general]
    • 21.2 Character traits[char.traits]
      • 21.2.1 Character traits requirements[char.traits.require]
      • 21.2.2 traits typedefs[char.traits.typedefs]
      • 21.2.3 char_traits specializations[char.traits.specializations]
        • 21.2.3.1 struct char_traits<char>[char.traits.specializations.char]
        • 21.2.3.2 struct char_traits<char16_t>[char.traits.specializations.char16_t]
        • 21.2.3.3 struct char_traits<char32_t>[char.traits.specializations.char32_t]
        • 21.2.3.4 struct char_traits<wchar_t>[char.traits.specializations.wchar.t]
    • 21.3 String classes[string.classes]
    • 21.4 Class template basic_string[basic.string]
      • 21.4.1 basic_string general requirements[string.require]
      • 21.4.2 basic_string constructors and assignment operators[string.cons]
      • 21.4.3 basic_string iterator support[string.iterators]
      • 21.4.4 basic_string capacity[string.capacity]
      • 21.4.5 basic_string element access[string.access]
      • 21.4.6 basic_string modifiers[string.modifiers]
        • 21.4.6.1 [[CppStd:./string::op+=|basic_string::operator+= [string::op+=]]][./string::op+=]
        • 21.4.6.2 [[CppStd:./string::append|basic_string::append [string::append]]][./string::append]
        • 21.4.6.3 [[CppStd:./string::assign|basic_string::assign [string::assign]]][./string::assign]
        • 21.4.6.4 [[CppStd:./string::insert|basic_string::insert [string::insert]]][./string::insert]
        • 21.4.6.5 [[CppStd:./string::erase|basic_string::erase [string::erase]]][./string::erase]
        • 21.4.6.6 [[CppStd:./string::replace|basic_string::replace [string::replace]]][./string::replace]
        • 21.4.6.7 [[CppStd:./string::copy|basic_string::copy [string::copy]]][./string::copy]
        • 21.4.6.8 [[CppStd:./string::swap|basic_string::swap [string::swap]]][./string::swap]
      • 21.4.7 basic_string string operations[string.ops]
        • 21.4.7.1 basic_string accessors[string.accessors]
        • 21.4.7.2 [[CppStd:./string::find|basic_string::find [string::find]]][./string::find]
        • 21.4.7.3 [[CppStd:./string::rfind|basic_string::rfind [string::rfind]]][./string::rfind]
        • 21.4.7.4 [[CppStd:./string::find.first.of|basic_string::find_first_of [string::find.first.of]]][./string::find.first.of]
        • 21.4.7.5 [[CppStd:./string::find.last.of|basic_string::find_last_of [string::find.last.of]]][./string::find.last.of]
        • 21.4.7.6 [[CppStd:./string::find.first.not.of|basic_string::find_first_not_of [string::find.first.not.of]]][./string::find.first.not.of]
        • 21.4.7.7 [[CppStd:./string::find.last.not.of|basic_string::find_last_not_of [string::find.last.not.of]]][./string::find.last.not.of]
        • 21.4.7.8 [[CppStd:./string::substr|basic_string::substr [string::substr]]][./string::substr]
        • 21.4.7.9 [[CppStd:./string::compare|basic_string::compare [string::compare]]][./string::compare]
      • 21.4.8 basic_string non-member functions[string.nonmembers]
        • 21.4.8.1 [[CppStd:./string::op+|operator+ [string::op+]]][./string::op+]
        • 21.4.8.2 [[CppStd:./string::operator==|operator== [string::operator==]]][./string::operator==]
        • 21.4.8.3 [[CppStd:./string::op!=|operator!= [string::op!=]]][./string::op!=]
        • 21.4.8.4 [[CppStd:./string::op%3c|operator< [string::op<]]][./string::op%3c]
        • 21.4.8.5 [[CppStd:./string::op%3e|operator> [string::op>]]][./string::op%3e]
        • 21.4.8.6 [[CppStd:./string::op%3c=|operator<= [string::op<=]]][./string::op%3c=]
        • 21.4.8.7 [[CppStd:./string::op%3e=|operator>= [string::op>=]]][./string::op%3e=]
        • 21.4.8.8 swap[string.special]
        • 21.4.8.9 Inserters and extractors[string.io]
    • 21.5 Numeric conversions[string.conversions]
    • 21.6 Hash support[basic.string.hash]
    • 21.7 Suffix for basic_string literals[basic.string.literals]
    • 21.8 Null-terminated sequence utilities[c.strings]
  • 22 Localization library[localization]
    • 22.1 General[localization.general]
    • 22.2 Header <locale> synopsis[locale.syn]
    • 22.3 Locales[locales]
      • 22.3.1 Class locale[locale]
        • 22.3.1.1 locale types[locale.types]
          • 22.3.1.1.1 Type locale::category[locale.category]
          • 22.3.1.1.2 Class locale::facet[locale.facet]
          • 22.3.1.1.3 Class locale::id[locale.id]
        • 22.3.1.2 locale constructors and destructor[locale.cons]
        • 22.3.1.3 locale members[locale.members]
        • 22.3.1.4 locale operators[locale.operators]
        • 22.3.1.5 locale static members[locale.statics]
      • 22.3.2 locale globals[locale.global.templates]
      • 22.3.3 Convenience interfaces[locale.convenience]
        • 22.3.3.1 Character classification[classification]
        • 22.3.3.2 Conversions[conversions]
          • 22.3.3.2.1 Character conversions[conversions.character]
          • 22.3.3.2.2 string conversions[conversions.string]
          • 22.3.3.2.3 Buffer conversions[conversions.buffer]
    • 22.4 Standard locale categories[locale.categories]
      • 22.4.1 The ctype category[category.ctype]
        • 22.4.1.1 Class template ctype[locale.ctype]
          • 22.4.1.1.1 ctype members[locale.ctype.members]
          • 22.4.1.1.2 ctype virtual functions[locale.ctype.virtuals]
        • 22.4.1.2 Class template ctype_byname[locale.ctype.byname]
        • 22.4.1.3 ctype specializations[facet.ctype.special]
          • 22.4.1.3.1 ctype<char> destructor[facet.ctype.char.dtor]
          • 22.4.1.3.2 ctype<char> members[facet.ctype.char.members]
          • 22.4.1.3.3 ctype<char> static members[facet.ctype.char.statics]
          • 22.4.1.3.4 ctype<char> virtual functions[facet.ctype.char.virtuals]
        • 22.4.1.4 Class template codecvt[locale.codecvt]
          • 22.4.1.4.1 codecvt members[locale.codecvt.members]
          • 22.4.1.4.2 codecvt virtual functions[locale.codecvt.virtuals]
        • 22.4.1.5 Class template codecvt_byname[locale.codecvt.byname]
      • 22.4.2 The numeric category[category.numeric]
        • 22.4.2.1 Class template num_get[locale.num.get]
          • 22.4.2.1.1 num_get members[facet.num.get.members]
          • 22.4.2.1.2 num_get virtual functions[facet.num.get.virtuals]
        • 22.4.2.2 Class template num_put[locale.nm.put]
          • 22.4.2.2.1 num_put members[facet.num.put.members]
          • 22.4.2.2.2 num_put virtual functions[facet.num.put.virtuals]
      • 22.4.3 The numeric punctuation facet[facet.numpunct]
        • 22.4.3.1 Class template numpunct[locale.numpunct]
          • 22.4.3.1.1 numpunct members[facet.numpunct.members]
          • 22.4.3.1.2 numpunct virtual functions[facet.numpunct.virtuals]
        • 22.4.3.2 Class template numpunct_byname[locale.numpunct.byname]
      • 22.4.4 The collate category[category.collate]
        • 22.4.4.1 Class template collate[locale.collate]
          • 22.4.4.1.1 collate members[locale.collate.members]
          • 22.4.4.1.2 collate virtual functions[locale.collate.virtuals]
        • 22.4.4.2 Class template collate_byname[locale.collate.byname]
      • 22.4.5 The time category[category.time]
        • 22.4.5.1 Class template time_get[locale.time.get]
          • 22.4.5.1.1 time_get members[locale.time.get.members]
          • 22.4.5.1.2 time_get virtual functions[locale.time.get.virtuals]
        • 22.4.5.2 Class template time_get_byname[locale.time.get.byname]
        • 22.4.5.3 Class template time_put[locale.time.put]
          • 22.4.5.3.1 time_put members[locale.time.put.members]
          • 22.4.5.3.2 time_put virtual functions[locale.time.put.virtuals]
        • 22.4.5.4 Class template time_put_byname[locale.time.put.byname]
      • 22.4.6 The monetary category[category.monetary]
        • 22.4.6.1 Class template money_get[locale.money.get]
          • 22.4.6.1.1 money_get members[locale.money.get.members]
          • 22.4.6.1.2 money_get virtual functions[locale.money.get.virtuals]
        • 22.4.6.2 Class template money_put[locale.money.put]
          • 22.4.6.2.1 money_put members[locale.money.put.members]
          • 22.4.6.2.2 money_put virtual functions[locale.money.put.virtuals]
        • 22.4.6.3 Class template moneypunct[locale.moneypunct]
          • 22.4.6.3.1 moneypunct members[locale.moneypunct.members]
          • 22.4.6.3.2 moneypunct virtual functions[locale.moneypunct.virtuals]
        • 22.4.6.4 Class template moneypunct_byname[locale.moneypunct.byname]
      • 22.4.7 The message retrieval category[category.messages]
        • 22.4.7.1 Class template messages[locale.messages]
          • 22.4.7.1.1 messages members[locale.messages.members]
          • 22.4.7.1.2 messages virtual functions[locale.messages.virtuals]
        • 22.4.7.2 Class template messages_byname[locale.messages.byname]
      • 22.4.8 Program-defined facets[facets.examples]
    • 22.5 Standard code conversion facets[locale.stdcvt]
    • 22.6 C library locales[c.locales]
  • 23 Containers library[containers]
    • 23.1 General[containers.general]
    • 23.2 Container requirements[container.requirements]
      • 23.2.1 General container requirements[container.requirements.general]
      • 23.2.2 Container data races[container.requirements.dataraces]
      • 23.2.3 Sequence containers[sequence.reqmts]
      • 23.2.4 Associative containers[associative.reqmts]
        • 23.2.4.1 Exception safety guarantees[associative.reqmts.except]
      • 23.2.5 Unordered associative containers[unord.req]
        • 23.2.5.1 Exception safety guarantees[unord.req.except]
    • 23.3 Sequence containers[sequences]
      • 23.3.1 In general[sequences.general]
      • 23.3.2 Class template array[array]
        • 23.3.2.1 Class template array overview[array.overview]
        • 23.3.2.2 array constructors, copy, and assignment[array.cons]
        • 23.3.2.3 array specialized algorithms[array.special]
        • 23.3.2.4 array::size[array.size]
        • 23.3.2.5 array::data[array.data]
        • 23.3.2.6 array::fill[array.fill]
        • 23.3.2.7 array::swap[array.swap]
        • 23.3.2.8 Zero sized arrays[array.zero]
        • 23.3.2.9 Tuple interface to class template array[array.tuple]
      • 23.3.3 Class template deque[deque]
        • 23.3.3.1 Class template deque overview[deque.overview]
        • 23.3.3.2 deque constructors, copy, and assignment[deque.cons]
        • 23.3.3.3 deque capacity[deque.capacity]
        • 23.3.3.4 deque modifiers[deque.modifiers]
        • 23.3.3.5 deque specialized algorithms[deque.special]
      • 23.3.4 Class template forward_list[forwardlist]
        • 23.3.4.1 Class template forward_list overview[forwardlist.overview]
        • 23.3.4.2 forward_list constructors, copy, assignment[forwardlist.cons]
        • 23.3.4.3 forward_list iterators[forwardlist.iter]
        • 23.3.4.4 forward_list element access[forwardlist.access]
        • 23.3.4.5 forward_list modifiers[forwardlist.modifiers]
        • 23.3.4.6 forward_list operations[forwardlist.ops]
        • 23.3.4.7 forward_list specialized algorithms[forwardlist.spec]
      • 23.3.5 Class template list[list]
        • 23.3.5.1 Class template list overview[list.overview]
        • 23.3.5.2 list constructors, copy, and assignment[list.cons]
        • 23.3.5.3 list capacity[list.capacity]
        • 23.3.5.4 list modifiers[list.modifiers]
        • 23.3.5.5 list operations[list.ops]
        • 23.3.5.6 list specialized algorithms[list.special]
      • 23.3.6 Class template vector[vector]
        • 23.3.6.1 Class template vector overview[vector.overview]
        • 23.3.6.2 vector constructors, copy, and assignment[vector.cons]
        • 23.3.6.3 vector capacity[vector.capacity]
        • 23.3.6.4 vector data[vector.data]
        • 23.3.6.5 vector modifiers[vector.modifiers]
        • 23.3.6.6 vector specialized algorithms[vector.special]
      • 23.3.7 Class vector<bool>[vector.bool]
    • 23.4 Associative containers[associative]
      • 23.4.1 In general[associative.general]
      • 23.4.2 Header <map> synopsis[associative.map.syn]
      • 23.4.3 Header <set> synopsis[associative.set.syn]
      • 23.4.4 Class template map[map]
        • 23.4.4.1 Class template map overview[map.overview]
        • 23.4.4.2 map constructors, copy, and assignment[map.cons]
        • 23.4.4.3 map element access[map.access]
        • 23.4.4.4 map modifiers[map.modifiers]
        • 23.4.4.5 map specialized algorithms[map.special]
      • 23.4.5 Class template multimap[multimap]
        • 23.4.5.1 Class template multimap overview[multimap.overview]
        • 23.4.5.2 multimap constructors[multimap.cons]
        • 23.4.5.3 multimap modifiers[multimap.modifiers]
        • 23.4.5.4 multimap specialized algorithms[multimap.special]
      • 23.4.6 Class template set[set]
        • 23.4.6.1 Class template set overview[set.overview]
        • 23.4.6.2 set constructors, copy, and assignment[set.cons]
        • 23.4.6.3 set specialized algorithms[set.special]
      • 23.4.7 Class template multiset[multiset]
        • 23.4.7.1 Class template multiset overview[multiset.overview]
        • 23.4.7.2 multiset constructors[multiset.cons]
        • 23.4.7.3 multiset specialized algorithms[multiset.special]
    • 23.5 Unordered associative containers[unord]
      • 23.5.1 In general[unord.general]
      • 23.5.2 Header <unordered_map> synopsis[unord.map.syn]
      • 23.5.3 Header <unordered_set> synopsis[unord.set.syn]
      • 23.5.4 Class template unordered_map[unord.map]
        • 23.5.4.1 Class template unordered_map overview[unord.map.overview]
        • 23.5.4.2 unordered_map constructors[unord.map.cnstr]
        • 23.5.4.3 unordered_map element access[unord.map.elem]
        • 23.5.4.4 unordered_map modifiers[unord.map.modifiers]
        • 23.5.4.5 unordered_map swap[unord.map.swap]
      • 23.5.5 Class template unordered_multimap[unord.multimap]
        • 23.5.5.1 Class template unordered_multimap overview[unord.multimap.overview]
        • 23.5.5.2 unordered_multimap constructors[unord.multimap.cnstr]
        • 23.5.5.3 unordered_multimap modifiers[unord.multimap.modifiers]
        • 23.5.5.4 unordered_multimap swap[unord.multimap.swap]
      • 23.5.6 Class template unordered_set[unord.set]
        • 23.5.6.1 Class template unordered_set overview[unord.set.overview]
        • 23.5.6.2 unordered_set constructors[unord.set.cnstr]
        • 23.5.6.3 unordered_set swap[unord.set.swap]
      • 23.5.7 Class template unordered_multiset[unord.multiset]
        • 23.5.7.1 Class template unordered_multiset overview[unord.multiset.overview]
        • 23.5.7.2 unordered_multiset constructors[unord.multiset.cnstr]
        • 23.5.7.3 unordered_multiset swap[unord.multiset.swap]
    • 23.6 Container adaptors[container.adaptors]
      • 23.6.1 In general[container.adaptors.general]
      • 23.6.2 Header <queue> synopsis[queue.syn]
      • 23.6.3 Class template queue[queue]
        • 23.6.3.1 queue definition[queue.defn]
        • 23.6.3.2 queue constructors[queue.cons]
        • 23.6.3.3 queue constructors with allocators[queue.cons.alloc]
        • 23.6.3.4 queue operators[queue.ops]
        • 23.6.3.5 queue specialized algorithms[queue.special]
      • 23.6.4 Class template priority_queue[priority.queue]
        • 23.6.4.1 priority_queue constructors[priqueue.cons]
        • 23.6.4.2 priority_queue constructors with allocators[priqueue.cons.alloc]
        • 23.6.4.3 priority_queue members[priqueue.members]
        • 23.6.4.4 priority_queue specialized algorithms[priqueue.special]
      • 23.6.5 Class template stack[stack]
        • 23.6.5.1 Header <stack> synopsis[stack.syn]
        • 23.6.5.2 stack definition[stack.defn]
        • 23.6.5.3 stack constructors[stack.cons]
        • 23.6.5.4 stack constructors with allocators[stack.cons.alloc]
        • 23.6.5.5 stack operators[stack.ops]
        • 23.6.5.6 stack specialized algorithms[stack.special]
  • 24 Iterators library[iterators]
    • 24.1 General[iterators.general]
    • 24.2 Iterator requirements[iterator.requirements]
      • 24.2.1 In general[iterator.requirements.general]
      • 24.2.2 Iterator[iterator.iterators]
      • 24.2.3 Input iterators[input.iterators]
      • 24.2.4 Output iterators[output.iterators]
      • 24.2.5 Forward iterators[forward.iterators]
      • 24.2.6 Bidirectional iterators[bidirectional.iterators]
      • 24.2.7 Random access iterators[random.access.iterators]
    • 24.3 Header <iterator> synopsis[iterator.synopsis]
    • 24.4 Iterator primitives[iterator.primitives]
      • 24.4.1 Iterator traits[iterator.traits]
      • 24.4.2 Basic iterator[iterator.basic]
      • 24.4.3 Standard iterator tags[std.iterator.tags]
      • 24.4.4 Iterator operations[iterator.operations]
    • 24.5 Iterator adaptors[predef.iterators]
      • 24.5.1 Reverse iterators[reverse.iterators]
        • 24.5.1.1 Class template reverse_iterator[reverse.iterator]
        • 24.5.1.2 reverse_iterator requirements[reverse.iter.requirements]
        • 24.5.1.3 reverse_iterator operations[reverse.iter.ops]
          • 24.5.1.3.1 reverse_iterator constructor[reverse.iter.cons]
          • 24.5.1.3.2 reverse_iterator::operator=[reverse.iter.op=]
          • 24.5.1.3.3 Conversion[reverse.iter.conv]
          • 24.5.1.3.4 operator*[reverse.iter.op.star]
          • 24.5.1.3.5 operator->[reverse.iter.opref]
          • 24.5.1.3.6 operator++[reverse.iter.op++]
          • 24.5.1.3.7 operator--[reverse.iter.op--]
          • 24.5.1.3.8 operator+[reverse.iter.op+]
          • 24.5.1.3.9 operator+=[reverse.iter.op+=]
          • 24.5.1.3.10 operator-[reverse.iter.op-]
          • 24.5.1.3.11 operator-=[reverse.iter.op-=]
          • 24.5.1.3.12 operator[][reverse.iter.opindex]
          • 24.5.1.3.13 operator==[reverse.iter.op==]
          • 24.5.1.3.14 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3c|operator< [reverse.iter.op<]]][reverse.iter.op%3c]
          • 24.5.1.3.15 operator!=[reverse.iter.op!=]
          • 24.5.1.3.16 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3e|operator> [reverse.iter.op>]]][reverse.iter.op%3e]
          • 24.5.1.3.17 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3e=|operator>= [reverse.iter.op>=]]][reverse.iter.op%3e=]
          • 24.5.1.3.18 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3c=|operator<= [reverse.iter.op<=]]][reverse.iter.op%3c=]
          • 24.5.1.3.19 operator-[reverse.iter.opdiff]
          • 24.5.1.3.20 operator+[reverse.iter.opsum]
          • 24.5.1.3.21 Non-member function make_reverse_iterator()[reverse.iter.make]
      • 24.5.2 Insert iterators[insert.iterators]
        • 24.5.2.1 Class template back_insert_iterator[back.insert.iterator]
        • 24.5.2.2 back_insert_iterator operations[back.insert.iter.ops]
          • 24.5.2.2.1 back_insert_iterator constructor[back.insert.iter.cons]
          • 24.5.2.2.2 back_insert_iterator::operator=[back.insert.iter.op=]
          • 24.5.2.2.3 back_insert_iterator::operator*[back.insert.iter.op*]
          • 24.5.2.2.4 back_insert_iterator::operator++[back.insert.iter.op++]
          • 24.5.2.2.5 back_inserter[back.inserter]
        • 24.5.2.3 Class template front_insert_iterator[front.insert.iterator]
        • 24.5.2.4 front_insert_iterator operations[front.insert.iter.ops]
          • 24.5.2.4.1 front_insert_iterator constructor[front.insert.iter.cons]
          • 24.5.2.4.2 front_insert_iterator::operator=[front.insert.iter.op=]
          • 24.5.2.4.3 front_insert_iterator::operator*[front.insert.iter.op*]
          • 24.5.2.4.4 front_insert_iterator::operator++[front.insert.iter.op++]
          • 24.5.2.4.5 front_inserter[front.inserter]
        • 24.5.2.5 Class template insert_iterator[insert.iterator]
        • 24.5.2.6 insert_iterator operations[insert.iter.ops]
          • 24.5.2.6.1 insert_iterator constructor[insert.iter.cons]
          • 24.5.2.6.2 insert_iterator::operator=[insert.iter.op=]
          • 24.5.2.6.3 insert_iterator::operator*[insert.iter.op*]
          • 24.5.2.6.4 insert_iterator::operator++[insert.iter.op++]
          • 24.5.2.6.5 inserter[inserter]
      • 24.5.3 Move iterators[move.iterators]
        • 24.5.3.1 Class template move_iterator[move.iterator]
        • 24.5.3.2 move_iterator requirements[move.iter.requirements]
        • 24.5.3.3 move_iterator operations[move.iter.ops]
          • 24.5.3.3.1 move_iterator constructors[move.iter.op.const]
          • 24.5.3.3.2 move_iterator::operator=[move.iter.op=]
          • 24.5.3.3.3 move_iterator conversion[move.iter.op.conv]
          • 24.5.3.3.4 move_iterator::operator*[move.iter.op.star]
          • 24.5.3.3.5 move_iterator::operator->[move.iter.op.ref]
          • 24.5.3.3.6 move_iterator::operator++[move.iter.op.incr]
          • 24.5.3.3.7 move_iterator::operator--[move.iter.op.decr]
          • 24.5.3.3.8 move_iterator::operator+[move.iter.op.+]
          • 24.5.3.3.9 move_iterator::operator+=[move.iter.op.+=]
          • 24.5.3.3.10 move_iterator::operator-[move.iter.op.-]
          • 24.5.3.3.11 move_iterator::operator-=[move.iter.op.-=]
          • 24.5.3.3.12 move_iterator::operator[][move.iter.op.index]
          • 24.5.3.3.13 move_iterator comparisons[move.iter.op.comp]
          • 24.5.3.3.14 move_iterator non-member functions[move.iter.nonmember]
    • 24.6 Stream iterators[stream.iterators]
      • 24.6.1 Class template istream_iterator[istream.iterator]
        • 24.6.1.1 istream_iterator constructors and destructor[istream.iterator.cons]
        • 24.6.1.2 istream_iterator operations[istream.iterator.ops]
      • 24.6.2 Class template ostream_iterator[ostream.iterator]
        • 24.6.2.1 ostream_iterator constructors and destructor[ostream.iterator.cons.des]
        • 24.6.2.2 ostream_iterator operations[ostream.iterator.ops]
      • 24.6.3 Class template istreambuf_iterator[istreambuf.iterator]
        • 24.6.3.1 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::proxy|Class template istreambuf_iterator::proxy [istreambuf.iterator::proxy]]][./istreambuf.iterator::proxy]
        • 24.6.3.2 istreambuf_iterator constructors[istreambuf.iterator.cons]
        • 24.6.3.3 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::op*|istreambuf_iterator::operator* [istreambuf.iterator::op*]]][./istreambuf.iterator::op*]
        • 24.6.3.4 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::op++|istreambuf_iterator::operator++ [istreambuf.iterator::op++]]][./istreambuf.iterator::op++]
        • 24.6.3.5 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::equal|istreambuf_iterator::equal [istreambuf.iterator::equal]]][./istreambuf.iterator::equal]
        • 24.6.3.6 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::op==|operator== [istreambuf.iterator::op==]]][./istreambuf.iterator::op==]
        • 24.6.3.7 [[CppStd:./istreambuf.iterator::op!=|operator!= [istreambuf.iterator::op!=]]][./istreambuf.iterator::op!=]
      • 24.6.4 Class template ostreambuf_iterator[ostreambuf.iterator]
        • 24.6.4.1 ostreambuf_iterator constructors[ostreambuf.iter.cons]
        • 24.6.4.2 ostreambuf_iterator operations[ostreambuf.iter.ops]
    • 24.7 range access[iterator.range]
  • 25 Algorithms library[algorithms]
    • 25.1 General[algorithms.general]
    • 25.2 Non-modifying sequence operations[alg.nonmodifying]
      • 25.2.1 All of[alg.all_of]
      • 25.2.2 Any of[alg.any_of]
      • 25.2.3 None of[alg.none_of]
      • 25.2.4 For each[alg.foreach]
      • 25.2.5 Find[alg.find]
      • 25.2.6 Find end[alg.find.end]
      • 25.2.7 Find first[alg.find.first.of]
      • 25.2.8 Adjacent find[alg.adjacent.find]
      • 25.2.9 Count[alg.count]
      • 25.2.10 Mismatch[mismatch]
      • 25.2.11 Equal[alg.equal]
      • 25.2.12 Is permutation[alg.is_permutation]
      • 25.2.13 Search[alg.search]
    • 25.3 Mutating sequence operations[alg.modifying.operations]
      • 25.3.1 Copy[alg.copy]
      • 25.3.2 Move[alg.move]
      • 25.3.3 swap[alg.swap]
      • 25.3.4 Transform[alg.transform]
      • 25.3.5 Replace[alg.replace]
      • 25.3.6 Fill[alg.fill]
      • 25.3.7 Generate[alg.generate]
      • 25.3.8 Remove[alg.remove]
      • 25.3.9 Unique[alg.unique]
      • 25.3.10 Reverse[alg.reverse]
      • 25.3.11 Rotate[alg.rotate]
      • 25.3.12 Shuffle[alg.random.shuffle]
      • 25.3.13 Partitions[alg.partitions]
    • 25.4 Sorting and related operations[alg.sorting]
      • 25.4.1 Sorting[alg.sort]
        • 25.4.1.1 sort[sort]
        • 25.4.1.2 stable_sort[stable.sort]
        • 25.4.1.3 partial_sort[partial.sort]
        • 25.4.1.4 partial_sort_copy[partial.sort.copy]
        • 25.4.1.5 is_sorted[is.sorted]
      • 25.4.2 Nth element[alg.nth.element]
      • 25.4.3 Binary search[alg.binary.search]
        • 25.4.3.1 lower_bound[lower.bound]
        • 25.4.3.2 upper_bound[upper.bound]
        • 25.4.3.3 equal_range[equal.range]
        • 25.4.3.4 binary_search[binary.search]
      • 25.4.4 Merge[alg.merge]
      • 25.4.5 Set operations on sorted structures[alg.set.operations]
        • 25.4.5.1 includes[includes]
        • 25.4.5.2 set_union[set.union]
        • 25.4.5.3 set_intersection[set.intersection]
        • 25.4.5.4 set_difference[set.difference]
        • 25.4.5.5 set_symmetric_difference[set.symmetric.difference]
      • 25.4.6 Heap operations[alg.heap.operations]
        • 25.4.6.1 push_heap[push.heap]
        • 25.4.6.2 pop_heap[pop.heap]
        • 25.4.6.3 make_heap[make.heap]
        • 25.4.6.4 sort_heap[sort.heap]
        • 25.4.6.5 is_heap[is.heap]
      • 25.4.7 Minimum and maximum[alg.min.max]
      • 25.4.8 Lexicographical comparison[alg.lex.comparison]
      • 25.4.9 Permutation generators[alg.permutation.generators]
    • 25.5 C library algorithms[alg.c.library]
  • 26 Numerics library[numerics]
    • 26.1 General[numerics.general]
    • 26.2 Numeric type requirements[numeric.requirements]
    • 26.3 The floating-point environment[cfenv]
      • 26.3.1 Header <cfenv> synopsis[cfenv.syn]
    • 26.4 Complex numbers[complex.numbers]
      • 26.4.1 Header <complex> synopsis[complex.syn]
      • 26.4.2 Class template complex[complex]
      • 26.4.3 complex specializations[complex.special]
      • 26.4.4 complex member functions[complex.members]
      • 26.4.5 complex member operators[complex.member.ops]
      • 26.4.6 complex non-member operations[complex.ops]
      • 26.4.7 complex value operations[complex.value.ops]
      • 26.4.8 complex transcendentals[complex.transcendentals]
      • 26.4.9 Additional overloads[cmplx.over]
      • 26.4.10 Suffixes for complex number literals[complex.literals]
      • 26.4.11 Header <ccomplex>[ccmplx]
    • 26.5 Random number generation[rand]
      • 26.5.1 Requirements[rand.req]
        • 26.5.1.1 General requirements[rand.req.genl]
        • 26.5.1.2 Seed sequence requirements[rand.req.seedseq]
        • 26.5.1.3 Uniform random number generator requirements[rand.req.urng]
        • 26.5.1.4 Random number engine requirements[rand.req.eng]
        • 26.5.1.5 Random number engine adaptor requirements[rand.req.adapt]
        • 26.5.1.6 Random number distribution requirements[rand.req.dist]
      • 26.5.2 Header <random> synopsis[rand.synopsis]
      • 26.5.3 Random number engine class templates[rand.eng]
        • 26.5.3.1 Class template linear_congruential_engine[rand.eng.lcong]
        • 26.5.3.2 Class template mersenne_twister_engine[rand.eng.mers]
        • 26.5.3.3 Class template subtract_with_carry_engine[rand.eng.sub]
      • 26.5.4 Random number engine adaptor class templates[rand.adapt]
        • 26.5.4.1 In general[rand.adapt.general]
        • 26.5.4.2 Class template discard_block_engine[rand.adapt.disc]
        • 26.5.4.3 Class template independent_bits_engine[rand.adapt.ibits]
        • 26.5.4.4 Class template shuffle_order_engine[rand.adapt.shuf]
      • 26.5.5 Engines and engine adaptors with predefined parameters[rand.predef]
      • 26.5.6 Class random_device[rand.device]
      • 26.5.7 Utilities[rand.util]
        • 26.5.7.1 Class seed_seq[rand.util.seedseq]
        • 26.5.7.2 Function template generate_canonical[rand.util.canonical]
      • 26.5.8 Random number distribution class templates[rand.dist]
        • 26.5.8.1 In general[rand.dist.general]
        • 26.5.8.2 Uniform distributions[rand.dist.uni]
          • 26.5.8.2.1 Class template uniform_int_distribution[rand.dist.uni.int]
          • 26.5.8.2.2 Class template uniform_real_distribution[rand.dist.uni.real]
        • 26.5.8.3 Bernoulli distributions[rand.dist.bern]
          • 26.5.8.3.1 Class bernoulli_distribution[rand.dist.bern.bernoulli]
          • 26.5.8.3.2 Class template binomial_distribution[rand.dist.bern.bin]
          • 26.5.8.3.3 Class template geometric_distribution[rand.dist.bern.geo]
          • 26.5.8.3.4 Class template negative_binomial_distribution[rand.dist.bern.negbin]
        • 26.5.8.4 Poisson distributions[rand.dist.pois]
          • 26.5.8.4.1 Class template poisson_distribution[rand.dist.pois.poisson]
          • 26.5.8.4.2 Class template exponential_distribution[rand.dist.pois.exp]
          • 26.5.8.4.3 Class template gamma_distribution[rand.dist.pois.gamma]
          • 26.5.8.4.4 Class template weibull_distribution[rand.dist.pois.weibull]
          • 26.5.8.4.5 Class template extreme_value_distribution[rand.dist.pois.extreme]
        • 26.5.8.5 Normal distributions[rand.dist.norm]
          • 26.5.8.5.1 Class template normal_distribution[rand.dist.norm.normal]
          • 26.5.8.5.2 Class template lognormal_distribution[rand.dist.norm.lognormal]
          • 26.5.8.5.3 Class template chi_squared_distribution[rand.dist.norm.chisq]
          • 26.5.8.5.4 Class template cauchy_distribution[rand.dist.norm.cauchy]
          • 26.5.8.5.5 Class template fisher_f_distribution[rand.dist.norm.f]
          • 26.5.8.5.6 Class template student_t_distribution[rand.dist.norm.t]
        • 26.5.8.6 Sampling distributions[rand.dist.samp]
          • 26.5.8.6.1 Class template discrete_distribution[rand.dist.samp.discrete]
          • 26.5.8.6.2 Class template piecewise_constant_distribution[rand.dist.samp.pconst]
          • 26.5.8.6.3 Class template piecewise_linear_distribution[rand.dist.samp.plinear]
    • 26.6 Numeric arrays[numarray]
      • 26.6.1 Header <valarray> synopsis[valarray.syn]
      • 26.6.2 Class template valarray[template.valarray]
        • 26.6.2.1 Class template valarray overview[template.valarray.overview]
        • 26.6.2.2 valarray constructors[valarray.cons]
        • 26.6.2.3 valarray assignment[valarray.assign]
        • 26.6.2.4 valarray element access[valarray.access]
        • 26.6.2.5 valarray subset operations[valarray.sub]
        • 26.6.2.6 valarray unary operators[valarray.unary]
        • 26.6.2.7 valarray computed assignment[valarray.cassign]
        • 26.6.2.8 valarray member functions[valarray.members]
      • 26.6.3 valarray non-member operations[valarray.nonmembers]
        • 26.6.3.1 valarray binary operators[valarray.binary]
        • 26.6.3.2 valarray logical operators[valarray.comparison]
        • 26.6.3.3 valarray transcendentals[valarray.transcend]
        • 26.6.3.4 valarray specialized algorithms[valarray.special]
      • 26.6.4 Class slice[class.slice]
        • 26.6.4.1 Class slice overview[class.slice.overview]
        • 26.6.4.2 slice constructors[cons.slice]
        • 26.6.4.3 slice access functions[slice.access]
      • 26.6.5 Class template slice_array[template.slice.array]
        • 26.6.5.1 Class template slice_array overview[template.slice.array.overview]
        • 26.6.5.2 slice_array assignment[slice.arr.assign]
        • 26.6.5.3 slice_array computed assignment[slice.arr.comp.assign]
        • 26.6.5.4 slice_array fill function[slice.arr.fill]
      • 26.6.6 The gslice class[class.gslice]
        • 26.6.6.1 The gslice class overview[class.gslice.overview]
        • 26.6.6.2 gslice constructors[gslice.cons]
        • 26.6.6.3 gslice access functions[gslice.access]
      • 26.6.7 Class template gslice_array[template.gslice.array]
        • 26.6.7.1 Class template gslice_array overview[template.gslice.array.overview]
        • 26.6.7.2 gslice_array assignment[gslice.array.assign]
        • 26.6.7.3 gslice_array[gslice.array.comp.assign]
        • 26.6.7.4 gslice_array fill function[gslice.array.fill]
      • 26.6.8 Class template mask_array[template.mask.array]
        • 26.6.8.1 Class template mask_array overview[template.mask.array.overview]
        • 26.6.8.2 mask_array assignment[mask.array.assign]
        • 26.6.8.3 mask_array computed assignment[mask.array.comp.assign]
        • 26.6.8.4 mask_array fill function[mask.array.fill]
      • 26.6.9 Class template indirect_array[template.indirect.array]
        • 26.6.9.1 Class template indirect_array overview[template.indirect.array.overview]
        • 26.6.9.2 indirect_array assignment[indirect.array.assign]
        • 26.6.9.3 indirect_array computed assignment[indirect.array.comp.assign]
        • 26.6.9.4 indirect_array fill function[indirect.array.fill]
      • 26.6.10 valarray range access[valarray.range]
    • 26.7 Generalized numeric operations[numeric.ops]
      • 26.7.1 Header <numeric> synopsis[numeric.ops.overview]
      • 26.7.2 Accumulate[accumulate]
      • 26.7.3 Inner product[inner.product]
      • 26.7.4 Partial sum[partial.sum]
      • 26.7.5 Adjacent difference[adjacent.difference]
      • 26.7.6 Iota[numeric.iota]
    • 26.8 C library[c.math]
  • 27 Input/output library[input.output]
    • 27.1 General[input.output.general]
    • 27.2 Iostreams requirements[iostreams.requirements]
      • 27.2.1 Imbue limitations[iostream.limits.imbue]
      • 27.2.2 Positioning type limitations[iostreams.limits.pos]
      • 27.2.3 Thread safety[iostreams.threadsafety]
    • 27.3 Forward declarations[iostream.forward]
    • 27.4 Standard iostream objects[iostream.objects]
      • 27.4.1 Overview[iostream.objects.overview]
      • 27.4.2 Narrow stream objects[narrow.stream.objects]
      • 27.4.3 Wide stream objects[wide.stream.objects]
    • 27.5 Iostreams base classes[iostreams.base]
      • 27.5.1 Overview[iostreams.base.overview]
      • 27.5.2 Types[stream.types]
      • 27.5.3 Class ios_base[ios.base]
        • 27.5.3.1 Types[ios.types]
          • 27.5.3.1.1 [[CppStd:./ios::failure|Class ios_base::failure [ios::failure]]][./ios::failure]
          • 27.5.3.1.2 [[CppStd:./ios::fmtflags|Type ios_base::fmtflags [ios::fmtflags]]][./ios::fmtflags]
          • 27.5.3.1.3 [[CppStd:./ios::iostate|Type ios_base::iostate [ios::iostate]]][./ios::iostate]
          • 27.5.3.1.4 [[CppStd:./ios::openmode|Type ios_base::openmode [ios::openmode]]][./ios::openmode]
          • 27.5.3.1.5 [[CppStd:./ios::seekdir|Type ios_base::seekdir [ios::seekdir]]][./ios::seekdir]
          • 27.5.3.1.6 [[CppStd:./ios::Init|Class ios_base::Init [ios::Init]]][./ios::Init]
        • 27.5.3.2 ios_base state functions[fmtflags.state]
        • 27.5.3.3 ios_base functions[ios.base.locales]
        • 27.5.3.4 ios_base static members[ios.members.static]
        • 27.5.3.5 ios_base storage functions[ios.base.storage]
        • 27.5.3.6 ios_base callbacks[ios.base.callback]
        • 27.5.3.7 ios_base constructors/destructor[ios.base.cons]
      • 27.5.4 Class template fpos[fpos]
        • 27.5.4.1 fpos members[fpos.members]
        • 27.5.4.2 fpos requirements[fpos.operations]
      • 27.5.5 Class template basic_ios[ios]
        • 27.5.5.1 Overview[ios.overview]
        • 27.5.5.2 basic_ios constructors[basic.ios.cons]
        • 27.5.5.3 Member functions[basic.ios.members]
        • 27.5.5.4 basic_ios flags functions[iostate.flags]
      • 27.5.6 ios_base manipulators[std.ios.manip]
        • 27.5.6.1 fmtflags manipulators[fmtflags.manip]
        • 27.5.6.2 adjustfield manipulators[adjustfield.manip]
        • 27.5.6.3 basefield manipulators[basefield.manip]
        • 27.5.6.4 floatfield manipulators[floatfield.manip]
        • 27.5.6.5 Error reporting[error.reporting]
    • 27.6 Stream buffers[stream.buffers]
      • 27.6.1 Overview[stream.buffers.overview]
      • 27.6.2 Stream buffer requirements[streambuf.reqts]
      • 27.6.3 Class template basic_streambuf<charT,traits>[streambuf]
        • 27.6.3.1 basic_streambuf constructors[streambuf.cons]
        • 27.6.3.2 basic_streambuf public member functions[streambuf.members]
          • 27.6.3.2.1 Locales[streambuf.locales]
          • 27.6.3.2.2 Buffer management and positioning[streambuf.buffer]
          • 27.6.3.2.3 Get area[streambuf.pub.get]
          • 27.6.3.2.4 Putback[streambuf.pub.pback]
          • 27.6.3.2.5 Put area[streambuf.pub.put]
        • 27.6.3.3 basic_streambuf protected member functions[streambuf.protected]
          • 27.6.3.3.1 Assignment[streambuf.assign]
          • 27.6.3.3.2 Get area access[streambuf.get.area]
          • 27.6.3.3.3 Put area access[streambuf.put.area]
        • 27.6.3.4 basic_streambuf virtual functions[streambuf.virtuals]
          • 27.6.3.4.1 Locales[streambuf.virt.locales]
          • 27.6.3.4.2 Buffer management and positioning[streambuf.virt.buffer]
          • 27.6.3.4.3 Get area[streambuf.virt.get]
          • 27.6.3.4.4 Putback[streambuf.virt.pback]
          • 27.6.3.4.5 Put area[streambuf.virt.put]
    • 27.7 Formatting and manipulators[iostream.format]
      • 27.7.1 Overview[iostream.format.overview]
      • 27.7.2 Input streams[input.streams]
        • 27.7.2.1 Class template basic_istream[istream]
          • 27.7.2.1.1 basic_istream constructors[istream.cons]
          • 27.7.2.1.2 Class basic_istream assign and swap[istream.assign]
          • 27.7.2.1.3 [[CppStd:./istream::sentry|Class basic_istream::sentry [istream::sentry]]][./istream::sentry]
        • 27.7.2.2 Formatted input functions[istream.formatted]
          • 27.7.2.2.1 Common requirements[istream.formatted.reqmts]
          • 27.7.2.2.2 Arithmetic extractors[istream.formatted.arithmetic]
          • 27.7.2.2.3 [[CppStd:./istream::extractors|basic_istream::operator>> [istream::extractors]]][./istream::extractors]
        • 27.7.2.3 Unformatted input functions[istream.unformatted]
        • 27.7.2.4 Standard basic_istream manipulators[istream.manip]
        • 27.7.2.5 Class template basic_iostream[iostreamclass]
          • 27.7.2.5.1 basic_iostream constructors[iostream.cons]
          • 27.7.2.5.2 basic_iostream destructor[iostream.dest]
          • 27.7.2.5.3 basic_iostream assign and swap[iostream.assign]
        • 27.7.2.6 Rvalue stream extraction[istream.rvalue]
      • 27.7.3 Output streams[output.streams]
        • 27.7.3.1 Class template basic_ostream[ostream]
        • 27.7.3.2 basic_ostream constructors[ostream.cons]
        • 27.7.3.3 Class basic_ostream assign and swap[ostream.assign]
        • 27.7.3.4 [[CppStd:./ostream::sentry|Class basic_ostream::sentry [ostream::sentry]]][./ostream::sentry]
        • 27.7.3.5 basic_ostream seek members[ostream.seeks]
        • 27.7.3.6 Formatted output functions[ostream.formatted]
          • 27.7.3.6.1 Common requirements[ostream.formatted.reqmts]
          • 27.7.3.6.2 Arithmetic inserters[ostream.inserters.arithmetic]
          • 27.7.3.6.3 basic_ostream::operator<<[ostream.inserters]
          • 27.7.3.6.4 Character inserter function templates[ostream.inserters.character]
        • 27.7.3.7 Unformatted output functions[ostream.unformatted]
        • 27.7.3.8 Standard basic_ostream manipulators[ostream.manip]
        • 27.7.3.9 Rvalue stream insertion[ostream.rvalue]
      • 27.7.4 Standard manipulators[std.manip]
      • 27.7.5 Extended manipulators[ext.manip]
      • 27.7.6 Quoted manipulators[quoted.manip]
    • 27.8 String-based streams[string.streams]
      • 27.8.1 Overview[string.streams.overview]
      • 27.8.2 Class template basic_stringbuf[stringbuf]
        • 27.8.2.1 basic_stringbuf constructors[stringbuf.cons]
        • 27.8.2.2 Assign and swap[stringbuf.assign]
        • 27.8.2.3 Member functions[stringbuf.members]
        • 27.8.2.4 Overridden virtual functions[stringbuf.virtuals]
      • 27.8.3 Class template basic_istringstream[istringstream]
        • 27.8.3.1 basic_istringstream constructors[istringstream.cons]
        • 27.8.3.2 Assign and swap[istringstream.assign]
        • 27.8.3.3 Member functions[istringstream.members]
      • 27.8.4 Class template basic_ostringstream[ostringstream]
        • 27.8.4.1 basic_ostringstream constructors[ostringstream.cons]
        • 27.8.4.2 Assign and swap[ostringstream.assign]
        • 27.8.4.3 Member functions[ostringstream.members]
      • 27.8.5 Class template basic_stringstream[stringstream]
        • 27.8.5.1 basic_stringstream constructors[stringstream.cons]
        • 27.8.5.2 Assign and swap[stringstream.assign]
        • 27.8.5.3 Member functions[stringstream.members]
    • 27.9 File-based streams[file.streams]
      • 27.9.1 File streams[fstreams]
        • 27.9.1.1 Class template basic_filebuf[filebuf]
        • 27.9.1.2 basic_filebuf constructors[filebuf.cons]
        • 27.9.1.3 Assign and swap[filebuf.assign]
        • 27.9.1.4 Member functions[filebuf.members]
        • 27.9.1.5 Overridden virtual functions[filebuf.virtuals]
        • 27.9.1.6 Class template basic_ifstream[ifstream]
        • 27.9.1.7 basic_ifstream constructors[ifstream.cons]
        • 27.9.1.8 Assign and swap[ifstream.assign]
        • 27.9.1.9 Member functions[ifstream.members]
        • 27.9.1.10 Class template basic_ofstream[ofstream]
        • 27.9.1.11 basic_ofstream constructors[ofstream.cons]
        • 27.9.1.12 Assign and swap[ofstream.assign]
        • 27.9.1.13 Member functions[ofstream.members]
        • 27.9.1.14 Class template basic_fstream[fstream]
        • 27.9.1.15 basic_fstream constructors[fstream.cons]
        • 27.9.1.16 Assign and swap[fstream.assign]
        • 27.9.1.17 Member functions[fstream.members]
      • 27.9.2 C library files[c.files]
  • 28 Regular expressions library[re]
    • 28.1 General[re.general]
    • 28.2 Definitions[re.def]
      • 28.2.1 collating element[defns.regex.collating.element]
      • 28.2.2 finite state machine[defns.regex.finite.state.machine]
      • 28.2.3 format specifier[defns.regex.format.specifier]
      • 28.2.4 matched[defns.regex.matched]
      • 28.2.5 primary equivalence class[defns.regex.primary.equivalence.class]
      • 28.2.6 regular expression[defns.regex.regular.expression]
      • 28.2.7 sub-expression[defns.regex.subexpression]
    • 28.3 Requirements[re.req]
    • 28.4 Header <regex> synopsis[re.syn]
    • 28.5 Namespace std::regex_constants[re.const]
      • 28.5.1 Bitmask type syntax_option_type[re.synopt]
      • 28.5.2 Bitmask type regex_constants::match_flag_type[re.matchflag]
      • 28.5.3 Implementation-defined error_type[re.err]
    • 28.6 Class regex_error[re.badexp]
    • 28.7 Class template regex_traits[re.traits]
    • 28.8 Class template basic_regex[re.regex]
      • 28.8.1 basic_regex constants[re.regex.const]
      • 28.8.2 basic_regex constructors[re.regex.construct]
      • 28.8.3 basic_regex assign[re.regex.assign]
      • 28.8.4 basic_regex constant operations[re.regex.operations]
      • 28.8.5 basic_regex locale[re.regex.locale]
      • 28.8.6 basic_regex swap[re.regex.swap]
      • 28.8.7 basic_regex non-member functions[re.regex.nonmemb]
        • 28.8.7.1 basic_regex non-member swap[re.regex.nmswap]
    • 28.9 Class template sub_match[re.submatch]
      • 28.9.1 sub_match members[re.submatch.members]
      • 28.9.2 sub_match non-member operators[re.submatch.op]
    • 28.10 Class template match_results[re.results]
      • 28.10.1 match_results constructors[re.results.const]
      • 28.10.2 match_results state[re.results.state]
      • 28.10.3 match_results size[re.results.size]
      • 28.10.4 match_results element access[re.results.acc]
      • 28.10.5 match_results formatting[re.results.form]
      • 28.10.6 match_results allocator[re.results.all]
      • 28.10.7 match_results swap[re.results.swap]
      • 28.10.8 match_results non-member functions[re.results.nonmember]
    • 28.11 Regular expression algorithms[re.alg]
      • 28.11.1 exceptions[re.except]
      • 28.11.2 regex_match[re.alg.match]
      • 28.11.3 regex_search[re.alg.search]
      • 28.11.4 regex_replace[re.alg.replace]
    • 28.12 Regular expression iterators[re.iter]
      • 28.12.1 Class template regex_iterator[re.regiter]
        • 28.12.1.1 regex_iterator constructors[re.regiter.cnstr]
        • 28.12.1.2 regex_iterator comparisons[re.regiter.comp]
        • 28.12.1.3 regex_iterator indirection[re.regiter.deref]
        • 28.12.1.4 regex_iterator increment[re.regiter.incr]
      • 28.12.2 Class template regex_token_iterator[re.tokiter]
        • 28.12.2.1 regex_token_iterator constructors[re.tokiter.cnstr]
        • 28.12.2.2 regex_token_iterator comparisons[re.tokiter.comp]
        • 28.12.2.3 regex_token_iterator indirection[re.tokiter.deref]
        • 28.12.2.4 regex_token_iterator increment[re.tokiter.incr]
    • 28.13 Modified ECMAScript regular expression grammar[re.grammar]
  • 29 Atomic operations library[atomics]
    • 29.1 General[atomics.general]
    • 29.2 Header <atomic> synopsis[atomics.syn]
    • 29.3 Order and consistency[atomics.order]
    • 29.4 Lock-free property[atomics.lockfree]
    • 29.5 Atomic types[atomics.types.generic]
    • 29.6 Operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations]
      • 29.6.1 General operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations.general]
      • 29.6.2 Templated operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations.templ]
      • 29.6.3 Arithmetic operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations.arith]
      • 29.6.4 Operations on atomic pointer types[atomics.types.operations.pointer]
      • 29.6.5 Requirements for operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations.req]
    • 29.7 Flag type and operations[atomics.flag]
    • 29.8 Fences[atomics.fences]
  • 30 Thread support library[thread]
    • 30.1 General[thread.general]
    • 30.2 Requirements[thread.req]
      • 30.2.1 Template parameter names[thread.req.paramname]
      • 30.2.2 Exceptions[thread.req.exception]
      • 30.2.3 Native handles[thread.req.native]
      • 30.2.4 Timing specifications[thread.req.timing]
      • 30.2.5 Requirements for Lockable types[thread.req.lockable]
        • 30.2.5.1 In general[thread.req.lockable.general]
        • 30.2.5.2 BasicLockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.basic]
        • 30.2.5.3 Lockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.req]
        • 30.2.5.4 TimedLockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.timed]
      • 30.2.6 decay_copy[thread.decaycopy]
    • 30.3 Threads[thread.threads]
      • 30.3.1 Class thread[thread.thread.class]
        • 30.3.1.1 Class thread::id[thread.thread.id]
        • 30.3.1.2 thread constructors[thread.thread.constr]
        • 30.3.1.3 thread destructor[thread.thread.destr]
        • 30.3.1.4 thread assignment[thread.thread.assign]
        • 30.3.1.5 thread members[thread.thread.member]
        • 30.3.1.6 thread static members[thread.thread.static]
        • 30.3.1.7 thread specialized algorithms[thread.thread.algorithm]
      • 30.3.2 Namespace this_thread[thread.thread.this]
    • 30.4 Mutual exclusion[thread.mutex]
      • 30.4.1 Mutex requirements[thread.mutex.requirements]
        • 30.4.1.1 In general[thread.mutex.requirements.general]
        • 30.4.1.2 Mutex types[thread.mutex.requirements.mutex]
          • 30.4.1.2.1 Class mutex[thread.mutex.class]
          • 30.4.1.2.2 Class recursive_mutex[thread.mutex.recursive]
        • 30.4.1.3 Timed mutex types[thread.timedmutex.requirements]
          • 30.4.1.3.1 Class timed_mutex[thread.timedmutex.class]
          • 30.4.1.3.2 Class recursive_timed_mutex[thread.timedmutex.recursive]
        • 30.4.1.4 Shared timed mutex types[thread.sharedtimedmutex.requirements]
          • 30.4.1.4.1 Class shared_timed_mutex[thread.sharedtimedmutex.class]
      • 30.4.2 Locks[thread.lock]
        • 30.4.2.1 Class template lock_guard[thread.lock.guard]
        • 30.4.2.2 Class template unique_lock[thread.lock.unique]
          • 30.4.2.2.1 unique_lock constructors, destructor, and assignment[thread.lock.unique.cons]
          • 30.4.2.2.2 unique_lock locking[thread.lock.unique.locking]
          • 30.4.2.2.3 unique_lock modifiers[thread.lock.unique.mod]
          • 30.4.2.2.4 unique_lock observers[thread.lock.unique.obs]
        • 30.4.2.3 Class template shared_lock[thread.lock.shared]
          • 30.4.2.3.1 shared_lock constructors, destructor, and assignment[thread.lock.shared.cons]
          • 30.4.2.3.2 shared_lock locking[thread.lock.shared.locking]
          • 30.4.2.3.3 shared_lock modifiers[thread.lock.shared.mod]
          • 30.4.2.3.4 shared_lock observers[thread.lock.shared.obs]
      • 30.4.3 Generic locking algorithms[thread.lock.algorithm]
      • 30.4.4 Call once[thread.once]
        • 30.4.4.1 Struct once_flag[thread.once.onceflag]
        • 30.4.4.2 Function call_once[thread.once.callonce]
    • 30.5 Condition variables[thread.condition]
      • 30.5.1 Class condition_variable[thread.condition.condvar]
      • 30.5.2 Class condition_variable_any[thread.condition.condvarany]
    • 30.6 Futures[futures]
      • 30.6.1 Overview[futures.overview]
      • 30.6.2 Error handling[futures.errors]
      • 30.6.3 Class future_error[futures.future_error]
      • 30.6.4 Shared state[futures.state]
      • 30.6.5 Class template promise[futures.promise]
      • 30.6.6 Class template future[futures.unique_future]
      • 30.6.7 Class template shared_future[futures.shared_future]
      • 30.6.8 Function template async[futures.async]
      • 30.6.9 Class template packaged_task[futures.task]
        • 30.6.9.1 packaged_task member functions[futures.task.members]
        • 30.6.9.2 packaged_task globals[futures.task.nonmembers]
  • Annex A (informative) Grammar summary[gram]
    • A.1 Keywords[gram.key]
    • A.2 Lexical conventions[gram.lex]
    • A.3 Basic concepts[gram.basic]
    • A.4 Expressions[gram.expr]
    • A.5 Statements[gram.stmt]
    • A.6 Declarations[gram.dcl]
    • A.7 Declarators[gram.decl]
    • A.8 Classes[gram.class]
    • A.9 Derived classes[gram.derived]
    • A.10 Special member functions[gram.special]
    • A.11 Overloading[gram.over]
    • A.12 Templates[gram.temp]
    • A.13 Exception handling[gram.except]
    • A.14 Preprocessing directives[gram.cpp]
  • Annex B (informative) Implementation quantities[implimits]
  • Annex C (informative) Compatibility[diff]
    • C.1 C++ and ISO C[diff.iso]
      • C.1.1 Clause [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.lex]
      • C.1.2 Clause [basic]: basic concepts[diff.basic]
      • C.1.3 Clause [conv]: standard conversions[diff.conv]
      • C.1.4 Clause [expr]: expressions[diff.expr]
      • C.1.5 Clause [stmt.stmt]: statements[diff.stat]
      • C.1.6 Clause [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.dcl]
      • C.1.7 Clause [dcl.decl]: declarators[diff.decl]
      • C.1.8 Clause [class]: classes[diff.class]
      • C.1.9 Clause [special]: special member functions[diff.special]
      • C.1.10 Clause [cpp]: preprocessing directives[diff.cpp]
    • C.2 C++ and ISO C++ 2003[diff.cpp03]
      • C.2.1 Clause [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.cpp03.lex]
      • C.2.2 Clause [conv]: standard conversions[diff.cpp03.conv]
      • C.2.3 Clause [expr]: expressions[diff.cpp03.expr]
      • C.2.4 Clause [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.cpp03.dcl.dcl]
      • C.2.5 Clause [dcl.decl]: declarators[diff.cpp03.dcl.decl]
      • C.2.6 Clause [special]: special member functions[diff.cpp03.special]
      • C.2.7 Clause [temp]: templates[diff.cpp03.temp]
      • C.2.8 Clause [library]: library introduction[diff.cpp03.library]
      • C.2.9 Clause [language.support]: language support library[diff.cpp03.language.support]
      • C.2.10 Clause [diagnostics]: diagnostics library[diff.cpp03.diagnostics]
      • C.2.11 Clause [utilities]: general utilities library[diff.cpp03.utilities]
      • C.2.12 Clause [strings]: strings library[diff.cpp03.strings]
      • C.2.13 Clause [containers]: containers library[diff.cpp03.containers]
      • C.2.14 Clause [algorithms]: algorithms library[diff.cpp03.algorithms]
      • C.2.15 Clause [numerics]: numerics library[diff.cpp03.numerics]
      • C.2.16 Clause [input.output]: Input/output library[diff.cpp03.input.output]
    • C.3 C++ and ISO C++ 2011[diff.cpp11]
      • C.3.1 Clause [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.cpp11.lex]
      • C.3.2 Clause [basic]: basic concepts[diff.cpp11.basic]
      • C.3.3 Clause [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.cpp11.dcl.dcl]
      • C.3.4 Clause [input.output]: input/output library[diff.cpp11.input.output]
    • C.4 C standard library[diff.library]
      • C.4.1 Modifications to headers[diff.mods.to.headers]
      • C.4.2 Modifications to definitions[diff.mods.to.definitions]
        • C.4.2.1 Types char16_t and char32_t[diff.char16]
        • C.4.2.2 Type wchar_t[diff.wchar.t]
        • C.4.2.3 Header <iso646.h>[diff.header.iso646.h]
        • C.4.2.4 Macro NULL[diff.null]
      • C.4.3 Modifications to declarations[diff.mods.to.declarations]
      • C.4.4 Modifications to behavior[diff.mods.to.behavior]
        • C.4.4.1 Macro offsetof(type, member-designator)[diff.offsetof]
        • C.4.4.2 Memory allocation functions[diff.malloc]
  • Annex D (normative) Compatibility features[depr]
    • D.1 Increment operator with bool operand[depr.incr.bool]
    • D.2 register keyword[depr.register]
    • D.3 Implicit declaration of copy functions[depr.impldec]
    • D.4 Dynamic exception specifications[depr.except.spec]
    • D.5 C standard library headers[depr.c.headers]
    • D.6 Old iostreams members[depr.ios.members]
    • D.7 char* streams[depr.str.strstreams]
      • D.7.1 Class strstreambuf[depr.strstreambuf]
        • D.7.1.1 strstreambuf constructors[depr.strstreambuf.cons]
        • D.7.1.2 Member functions[depr.strstreambuf.members]
        • D.7.1.3 strstreambuf overridden virtual functions[depr.strstreambuf.virtuals]
      • D.7.2 Class istrstream[depr.istrstream]
        • D.7.2.1 istrstream constructors[depr.istrstream.cons]
        • D.7.2.2 Member functions[depr.istrstream.members]
      • D.7.3 Class ostrstream[depr.ostrstream]
        • D.7.3.1 ostrstream constructors[depr.ostrstream.cons]
        • D.7.3.2 Member functions[depr.ostrstream.members]
      • D.7.4 Class strstream[depr.strstream]
        • D.7.4.1 strstream constructors[depr.strstream.cons]
        • D.7.4.2 strstream destructor[depr.strstream.dest]
        • D.7.4.3 strstream operations[depr.strstream.oper]
    • D.8 Function objects[depr.function.objects]
      • D.8.1 Base[depr.base]
      • D.8.2 Function adaptors[depr.adaptors]
        • D.8.2.1 Adaptors for pointers to functions[depr.function.pointer.adaptors]
        • D.8.2.2 Adaptors for pointers to members[depr.member.pointer.adaptors]
    • D.9 Binders[depr.lib.binders]
      • D.9.1 Class template binder1st[depr.lib.binder.1st]
      • D.9.2 bind1st[depr.lib.bind.1st]
      • D.9.3 Class template binder2nd[depr.lib.binder.2nd]
      • D.9.4 bind2nd[depr.lib.bind.2nd]
    • D.10 auto_ptr[depr.auto.ptr]
      • D.10.1 Class template auto_ptr[auto.ptr]
        • D.10.1.1 auto_ptr constructors[auto.ptr.cons]
        • D.10.1.2 auto_ptr members[auto.ptr.members]
        • D.10.1.3 auto_ptr conversions[auto.ptr.conv]
    • D.11 Violating exception-specifications[exception.unexpected]
      • D.11.1 Type unexpected_handler[unexpected.handler]
      • D.11.2 set_unexpected[set.unexpected]
      • D.11.3 get_unexpected[get.unexpected]
      • D.11.4 unexpected[unexpected]
    • D.12 Random shuffle[depr.alg.random.shuffle]
  • Annex E (normative) Universal character names for identifier characters[charname]
    • E.1 Ranges of characters allowed[charname.allowed]
    • E.2 Ranges of characters disallowed initially[charname.disallowed]
  • Index[generalindex]
  • Index of library names[libraryindex]
  • Index of implementation-defined behavior[impldefindex]

[edit]

• Contents
  • List of Tables[tab]
  • List of Figures[fig]
  • 1 Scope[intro.scope]
  • 2 Normative references[intro.refs]
  • 3 Terms and definitions[intro.defs]
  • 4 General principles[intro]
    • 4.1 Implementation compliance[intro.compliance]
    • 4.2 Structure of this document[intro.structure]
    • 4.3 Syntax notation[syntax]
    • 4.4 The C++ memory model[intro.memory]
    • 4.5 The C++ object model[intro.object]
    • 4.6 Program execution[intro.execution]
    • 4.7 Multi-threaded executions and data races[intro.multithread]
      • 4.7.1 Data races[intro.races]
      • 4.7.2 Forward progress[intro.progress]
    • 4.8 Acknowledgments[intro.ack]
  • 5 Lexical conventions[lex]
    • 5.1 Separate translation[lex.separate]
    • 5.2 Phases of translation[lex.phases]
    • 5.3 Character sets[lex.charset]
    • 5.4 Preprocessing tokens[lex.pptoken]
    • 5.5 Alternative tokens[lex.digraph]
    • 5.6 Tokens[lex.token]
    • 5.7 Comments[lex.comment]
    • 5.8 Header names[lex.header]
    • 5.9 Preprocessing numbers[lex.ppnumber]
    • 5.10 Identifiers[lex.name]
    • 5.11 Keywords[lex.key]
    • 5.12 Operators and punctuators[lex.operators]
    • 5.13 Literals[lex.literal]
      • 5.13.1 Kinds of literals[lex.literal.kinds]
      • 5.13.2 Integer literals[lex.icon]
      • 5.13.3 Character literals[lex.ccon]
      • 5.13.4 Floating literals[lex.fcon]
      • 5.13.5 String literals[lex.string]
      • 5.13.6 Boolean literals[lex.bool]
      • 5.13.7 Pointer literals[lex.nullptr]
      • 5.13.8 User-defined literals[lex.ext]
  • 6 Basic concepts[basic]
    • 6.1 Declarations and definitions[basic.def]
    • 6.2 One-definition rule[basic.def.odr]
    • 6.3 Scope[basic.scope]
      • 6.3.1 Declarative regions and scopes[basic.scope.declarative]
      • 6.3.2 Point of declaration[basic.scope.pdecl]
      • 6.3.3 Block scope[basic.scope.block]
      • 6.3.4 Function prototype scope[basic.scope.proto]
      • 6.3.5 Function scope[basic.funscope]
      • 6.3.6 Namespace scope[basic.scope.namespace]
      • 6.3.7 Class scope[basic.scope.class]
      • 6.3.8 Enumeration scope[basic.scope.enum]
      • 6.3.9 Template parameter scope[basic.scope.temp]
      • 6.3.10 Name hiding[basic.scope.hiding]
    • 6.4 Name lookup[basic.lookup]
      • 6.4.1 Unqualified name lookup[basic.lookup.unqual]
      • 6.4.2 Argument-dependent name lookup[basic.lookup.argdep]
      • 6.4.3 Qualified name lookup[basic.lookup.qual]
        • 6.4.3.1 Class members[class.qual]
        • 6.4.3.2 Namespace members[namespace.qual]
      • 6.4.4 Elaborated type specifiers[basic.lookup.elab]
      • 6.4.5 Class member access[basic.lookup.classref]
      • 6.4.6 Using-directives and namespace aliases[basic.lookup.udir]
    • 6.5 Program and linkage[basic.link]
    • 6.6 Start and termination[basic.start]
      • 6.6.1 main function[basic.start.main]
      • 6.6.2 Static initialization[basic.start.static]
      • 6.6.3 Dynamic initialization of non-local variables[basic.start.dynamic]
      • 6.6.4 Termination[basic.start.term]
    • 6.7 Storage duration[basic.stc]
      • 6.7.1 Static storage duration[basic.stc.static]
      • 6.7.2 Thread storage duration[basic.stc.thread]
      • 6.7.3 Automatic storage duration[basic.stc.auto]
      • 6.7.4 Dynamic storage duration[basic.stc.dynamic]
        • 6.7.4.1 Allocation functions[basic.stc.dynamic.allocation]
        • 6.7.4.2 Deallocation functions[basic.stc.dynamic.deallocation]
        • 6.7.4.3 Safely-derived pointers[basic.stc.dynamic.safety]
      • 6.7.5 Duration of subobjects[basic.stc.inherit]
    • 6.8 Object lifetime[basic.life]
    • 6.9 Types[basic.types]
      • 6.9.1 Fundamental types[basic.fundamental]
      • 6.9.2 Compound types[basic.compound]
      • 6.9.3 CV-qualifiers[basic.type.qualifier]
    • 6.10 Lvalues and rvalues[basic.lval]
    • 6.11 Alignment[basic.align]
  • 7 Standard conversions[conv]
    • 7.1 Lvalue-to-rvalue conversion[conv.lval]
    • 7.2 Array-to-pointer conversion[conv.array]
    • 7.3 Function-to-pointer conversion[conv.func]
    • 7.4 Temporary materialization conversion[conv.rval]
    • 7.5 Qualification conversions[conv.qual]
    • 7.6 Integral promotions[conv.prom]
    • 7.7 Floating-point promotion[conv.fpprom]
    • 7.8 Integral conversions[conv.integral]
    • 7.9 Floating-point conversions[conv.double]
    • 7.10 Floating-integral conversions[conv.fpint]
    • 7.11 Pointer conversions[conv.ptr]
    • 7.12 Pointer to member conversions[conv.mem]
    • 7.13 Function pointer conversions[conv.fctptr]
    • 7.14 Boolean conversions[conv.bool]
    • 7.15 Integer conversion rank[conv.rank]
  • 8 Expressions[expr]
    • 8.1 Primary expressions[expr.prim]
      • 8.1.1 Literals[expr.prim.literal]
      • 8.1.2 This[expr.prim.this]
      • 8.1.3 Parentheses[expr.prim.paren]
      • 8.1.4 Names[expr.prim.id]
        • 8.1.4.1 Unqualified names[expr.prim.id.unqual]
        • 8.1.4.2 Qualified names[expr.prim.id.qual]
      • 8.1.5 Lambda expressions[expr.prim.lambda]
        • 8.1.5.1 Closure types[expr.prim.lambda.closure]
        • 8.1.5.2 Captures[expr.prim.lambda.capture]
      • 8.1.6 Fold expressions[expr.prim.fold]
    • 8.2 Postfix expressions[expr.post]
      • 8.2.1 Subscripting[expr.sub]
      • 8.2.2 Function call[expr.call]
      • 8.2.3 Explicit type conversion (functional notation)[expr.type.conv]
      • 8.2.4 Pseudo destructor call[expr.pseudo]
      • 8.2.5 Class member access[expr.ref]
      • 8.2.6 Increment and decrement[expr.post.incr]
      • 8.2.7 Dynamic cast[expr.dynamic.cast]
      • 8.2.8 Type identification[expr.typeid]
      • 8.2.9 Static cast[expr.static.cast]
      • 8.2.10 Reinterpret cast[expr.reinterpret.cast]
      • 8.2.11 Const cast[expr.const.cast]
    • 8.3 Unary expressions[expr.unary]
      • 8.3.1 Unary operators[expr.unary.op]
      • 8.3.2 Increment and decrement[expr.pre.incr]
      • 8.3.3 Sizeof[expr.sizeof]
      • 8.3.4 New[expr.new]
      • 8.3.5 Delete[expr.delete]
      • 8.3.6 Alignof[expr.alignof]
      • 8.3.7 noexcept operator[expr.unary.noexcept]
    • 8.4 Explicit type conversion (cast notation)[expr.cast]
    • 8.5 Pointer-to-member operators[expr.mptr.oper]
    • 8.6 Multiplicative operators[expr.mul]
    • 8.7 Additive operators[expr.add]
    • 8.8 Shift operators[expr.shift]
    • 8.9 Relational operators[expr.rel]
    • 8.10 Equality operators[expr.eq]
    • 8.11 Bitwise AND operator[expr.bit.and]
    • 8.12 Bitwise exclusive OR operator[expr.xor]
    • 8.13 Bitwise inclusive OR operator[expr.or]
    • 8.14 Logical AND operator[expr.log.and]
    • 8.15 Logical OR operator[expr.log.or]
    • 8.16 Conditional operator[expr.cond]
    • 8.17 Throwing an exception[expr.throw]
    • 8.18 Assignment and compound assignment operators[expr.ass]
    • 8.19 Comma operator[expr.comma]
    • 8.20 Constant expressions[expr.const]
  • 9 Statements[stmt.stmt]
    • 9.1 Labeled statement[stmt.label]
    • 9.2 Expression statement[stmt.expr]
    • 9.3 Compound statement or block[stmt.block]
    • 9.4 Selection statements[stmt.select]
      • 9.4.1 The if statement[stmt.if]
      • 9.4.2 The switch statement[stmt.switch]
    • 9.5 Iteration statements[stmt.iter]
      • 9.5.1 The while statement[stmt.while]
      • 9.5.2 The do statement[stmt.do]
      • 9.5.3 The for statement[stmt.for]
      • 9.5.4 The range-based for statement[stmt.ranged]
    • 9.6 Jump statements[stmt.jump]
      • 9.6.1 The break statement[stmt.break]
      • 9.6.2 The continue statement[stmt.cont]
      • 9.6.3 The return statement[stmt.return]
      • 9.6.4 The goto statement[stmt.goto]
    • 9.7 Declaration statement[stmt.dcl]
    • 9.8 Ambiguity resolution[stmt.ambig]
  • 10 Declarations[dcl.dcl]
    • 10.1 Specifiers[dcl.spec]
      • 10.1.1 Storage class specifiers[dcl.stc]
      • 10.1.2 Function specifiers[dcl.fct.spec]
      • 10.1.3 The typedef specifier[dcl.typedef]
      • 10.1.4 The friend specifier[dcl.friend]
      • 10.1.5 The constexpr specifier[dcl.constexpr]
      • 10.1.6 The inline specifier[dcl.inline]
      • 10.1.7 Type specifiers[dcl.type]
        • 10.1.7.1 The cv-qualifiers[dcl.type.cv]
        • 10.1.7.2 Simple type specifiers[dcl.type.simple]
        • 10.1.7.3 Elaborated type specifiers[dcl.type.elab]
        • 10.1.7.4 The auto specifier[dcl.spec.auto]
          • 10.1.7.4.1 Placeholder type deduction[dcl.type.auto.deduct]
        • 10.1.7.5 Deduced class template specialization types[dcl.type.class.deduct]
    • 10.2 Enumeration declarations[dcl.enum]
    • 10.3 Namespaces[basic.namespace]
      • 10.3.1 Namespace definition[namespace.def]
        • 10.3.1.1 Unnamed namespaces[namespace.unnamed]
        • 10.3.1.2 Namespace member definitions[namespace.memdef]
      • 10.3.2 Namespace alias[namespace.alias]
      • 10.3.3 The using declaration[namespace.udecl]
      • 10.3.4 Using directive[namespace.udir]
    • 10.4 The asm declaration[dcl.asm]
    • 10.5 Linkage specifications[dcl.link]
    • 10.6 Attributes[dcl.attr]
      • 10.6.1 Attribute syntax and semantics[dcl.attr.grammar]
      • 10.6.2 Alignment specifier[dcl.align]
      • 10.6.3 Carries dependency attribute[dcl.attr.depend]
      • 10.6.4 Deprecated attribute[dcl.attr.deprecated]
      • 10.6.5 Fallthrough attribute[dcl.attr.fallthrough]
      • 10.6.6 Maybe unused attribute[dcl.attr.unused]
      • 10.6.7 Nodiscard attribute[dcl.attr.nodiscard]
      • 10.6.8 Noreturn attribute[dcl.attr.noreturn]
  • 11 Declarators[dcl.decl]
    • 11.1 Type names[dcl.name]
    • 11.2 Ambiguity resolution[dcl.ambig.res]
    • 11.3 Meaning of declarators[dcl.meaning]
      • 11.3.1 Pointers[dcl.ptr]
      • 11.3.2 References[dcl.ref]
      • 11.3.3 Pointers to members[dcl.mptr]
      • 11.3.4 Arrays[dcl.array]
      • 11.3.5 Functions[dcl.fct]
      • 11.3.6 Default arguments[dcl.fct.default]
    • 11.4 Function definitions[dcl.fct.def]
      • 11.4.1 In general[dcl.fct.def.general]
      • 11.4.2 Explicitly-defaulted functions[dcl.fct.def.default]
      • 11.4.3 Deleted definitions[dcl.fct.def.delete]
    • 11.5 Structured binding declarations[dcl.struct.bind]
    • 11.6 Initializers[dcl.init]
      • 11.6.1 Aggregates[dcl.init.aggr]
      • 11.6.2 Character arrays[dcl.init.string]
      • 11.6.3 References[dcl.init.ref]
      • 11.6.4 List-initialization[dcl.init.list]
  • 12 Classes[class]
    • 12.1 Class names[class.name]
    • 12.2 Class members[class.mem]
      • 12.2.1 Member functions[class.mfct]
      • 12.2.2 Non-static member functions[class.mfct.non-static]
        • 12.2.2.1 The this pointer[class.this]
      • 12.2.3 Static members[class.static]
        • 12.2.3.1 Static member functions[class.static.mfct]
        • 12.2.3.2 Static data members[class.static.data]
      • 12.2.4 Bit-fields[class.bit]
      • 12.2.5 Nested class declarations[class.nest]
      • 12.2.6 Nested type names[class.nested.type]
    • 12.3 Unions[class.union]
      • 12.3.1 Anonymous unions[class.union.anon]
    • 12.4 Local class declarations[class.local]
  • 13 Derived classes[class.derived]
    • 13.1 Multiple base classes[class.mi]
    • 13.2 Member name lookup[class.member.lookup]
    • 13.3 Virtual functions[class.virtual]
    • 13.4 Abstract classes[class.abstract]
  • 14 Member access control[class.access]
    • 14.1 Access specifiers[class.access.spec]
    • 14.2 Accessibility of base classes and base class members[class.access.base]
    • 14.3 Friends[class.friend]
    • 14.4 Protected member access[class.protected]
    • 14.5 Access to virtual functions[class.access.virt]
    • 14.6 Multiple access[class.paths]
    • 14.7 Nested classes[class.access.nest]
  • 15 Special member functions[special]
    • 15.1 Constructors[class.ctor]
    • 15.2 Temporary objects[class.temporary]
    • 15.3 Conversions[class.conv]
      • 15.3.1 Conversion by constructor[class.conv.ctor]
      • 15.3.2 Conversion functions[class.conv.fct]
    • 15.4 Destructors[class.dtor]
    • 15.5 Free store[class.free]
    • 15.6 Initialization[class.init]
      • 15.6.1 Explicit initialization[class.expl.init]
      • 15.6.2 Initializing bases and members[class.base.init]
      • 15.6.3 Initialization by inherited constructor[class.inhctor.init]
    • 15.7 Construction and destruction[class.cdtor]
    • 15.8 Copying and moving class objects[class.copy]
      • 15.8.1 Copy/move constructors[class.copy.ctor]
      • 15.8.2 Copy/move assignment operator[class.copy.assign]
      • 15.8.3 Copy/move elision[class.copy.elision]
  • 16 Overloading[over]
    • 16.1 Overloadable declarations[over.load]
    • 16.2 Declaration matching[over.dcl]
    • 16.3 Overload resolution[over.match]
      • 16.3.1 Candidate functions and argument lists[over.match.funcs]
        • 16.3.1.1 Function call syntax[over.match.call]
          • 16.3.1.1.1 Call to named function[over.call.func]
          • 16.3.1.1.2 Call to object of class type[over.call.object]
        • 16.3.1.2 Operators in expressions[over.match.oper]
        • 16.3.1.3 Initialization by constructor[over.match.ctor]
        • 16.3.1.4 Copy-initialization of class by user-defined conversion[over.match.copy]
        • 16.3.1.5 Initialization by conversion function[over.match.conv]
        • 16.3.1.6 Initialization by conversion function for direct reference binding[over.match.ref]
        • 16.3.1.7 Initialization by list-initialization[over.match.list]
        • 16.3.1.8 Class template argument deduction[over.match.class.deduct]
      • 16.3.2 Viable functions[over.match.viable]
      • 16.3.3 Best viable function[over.match.best]
        • 16.3.3.1 Implicit conversion sequences[over.best.ics]
          • 16.3.3.1.1 Standard conversion sequences[over.ics.scs]
          • 16.3.3.1.2 User-defined conversion sequences[over.ics.user]
          • 16.3.3.1.3 Ellipsis conversion sequences[over.ics.ellipsis]
          • 16.3.3.1.4 Reference binding[over.ics.ref]
          • 16.3.3.1.5 List-initialization sequence[over.ics.list]
        • 16.3.3.2 Ranking implicit conversion sequences[over.ics.rank]
    • 16.4 Address of overloaded function[over.over]
    • 16.5 Overloaded operators[over.oper]
      • 16.5.1 Unary operators[over.unary]
      • 16.5.2 Binary operators[over.binary]
      • 16.5.3 Assignment[over.ass]
      • 16.5.4 Function call[over.call]
      • 16.5.5 Subscripting[over.sub]
      • 16.5.6 Class member access[over.ref]
      • 16.5.7 Increment and decrement[over.inc]
      • 16.5.8 User-defined literals[over.literal]
    • 16.6 Built-in operators[over.built]
  • 17 Templates[temp]
    • 17.1 Template parameters[temp.param]
    • 17.2 Names of template specializations[temp.names]
    • 17.3 Template arguments[temp.arg]
      • 17.3.1 Template type arguments[temp.arg.type]
      • 17.3.2 Template non-type arguments[temp.arg.nontype]
      • 17.3.3 Template template arguments[temp.arg.template]
    • 17.4 Type equivalence[temp.type]
    • 17.5 Template declarations[temp.decls]
      • 17.5.1 Class templates[temp.class]
        • 17.5.1.1 Member functions of class templates[temp.mem.func]
        • 17.5.1.2 Member classes of class templates[temp.mem.class]
        • 17.5.1.3 Static data members of class templates[temp.static]
        • 17.5.1.4 Enumeration members of class templates[temp.mem.enum]
      • 17.5.2 Member templates[temp.mem]
      • 17.5.3 Variadic templates[temp.variadic]
      • 17.5.4 Friends[temp.friend]
      • 17.5.5 Class template partial specializations[temp.class.spec]
        • 17.5.5.1 Matching of class template partial specializations[temp.class.spec.match]
        • 17.5.5.2 Partial ordering of class template specializations[temp.class.order]
        • 17.5.5.3 Members of class template specializations[temp.class.spec.mfunc]
      • 17.5.6 Function templates[temp.fct]
        • 17.5.6.1 Function template overloading[temp.over.link]
        • 17.5.6.2 Partial ordering of function templates[temp.func.order]
      • 17.5.7 Alias templates[temp.alias]
    • 17.6 Name resolution[temp.res]
      • 17.6.1 Locally declared names[temp.local]
      • 17.6.2 Dependent names[temp.dep]
        • 17.6.2.1 Dependent types[temp.dep.type]
        • 17.6.2.2 Type-dependent expressions[temp.dep.expr]
        • 17.6.2.3 Value-dependent expressions[temp.dep.constexpr]
        • 17.6.2.4 Dependent template arguments[temp.dep.temp]
      • 17.6.3 Non-dependent names[temp.nondep]
      • 17.6.4 Dependent name resolution[temp.dep.res]
        • 17.6.4.1 Point of instantiation[temp.point]
        • 17.6.4.2 Candidate functions[temp.dep.candidate]
      • 17.6.5 Friend names declared within a class template[temp.inject]
    • 17.7 Template instantiation and specialization[temp.spec]
      • 17.7.1 Implicit instantiation[temp.inst]
      • 17.7.2 Explicit instantiation[temp.explicit]
      • 17.7.3 Explicit specialization[temp.expl.spec]
    • 17.8 Function template specializations[temp.fct.spec]
      • 17.8.1 Explicit template argument specification[temp.arg.explicit]
      • 17.8.2 Template argument deduction[temp.deduct]
        • 17.8.2.1 Deducing template arguments from a function call[temp.deduct.call]
        • 17.8.2.2 Deducing template arguments taking the address of a function template[temp.deduct.funcaddr]
        • 17.8.2.3 Deducing conversion function template arguments[temp.deduct.conv]
        • 17.8.2.4 Deducing template arguments during partial ordering[temp.deduct.partial]
        • 17.8.2.5 Deducing template arguments from a type[temp.deduct.type]
        • 17.8.2.6 Deducing template arguments from a function declaration[temp.deduct.decl]
      • 17.8.3 Overload resolution[temp.over]
    • 17.9 Deduction guides[temp.deduct.guide]
  • 18 Exception handling[except]
    • 18.1 Throwing an exception[except.throw]
    • 18.2 Constructors and destructors[except.ctor]
    • 18.3 Handling an exception[except.handle]
    • 18.4 Exception specifications[except.spec]
    • 18.5 Special functions[except.special]
      • 18.5.1 The std​::​terminate() function[except.terminate]
      • 18.5.2 The std​::​uncaught_­exceptions() function[except.uncaught]
  • 19 Preprocessing directives[cpp]
    • 19.1 Conditional inclusion[cpp.cond]
    • 19.2 Source file inclusion[cpp.include]
    • 19.3 Macro replacement[cpp.replace]
      • 19.3.1 Argument substitution[cpp.subst]
      • 19.3.2 The # operator[cpp.stringize]
      • 19.3.3 The ## operator[cpp.concat]
      • 19.3.4 Rescanning and further replacement[cpp.rescan]
      • 19.3.5 Scope of macro definitions[cpp.scope]
    • 19.4 Line control[cpp.line]
    • 19.5 Error directive[cpp.error]
    • 19.6 Pragma directive[cpp.pragma]
    • 19.7 Null directive[cpp.null]
    • 19.8 Predefined macro names[cpp.predefined]
    • 19.9 Pragma operator[cpp.pragma.op]
  • 20 Library introduction[library]
    • 20.1 General[library.general]
    • 20.2 The C standard library[library.c]
    • 20.3 Definitions[definitions]
    • 20.4 Method of description (Informative)[description]
      • 20.4.1 Structure of each clause[structure]
        • 20.4.1.1 Elements[structure.elements]
        • 20.4.1.2 Summary[structure.summary]
        • 20.4.1.3 Requirements[structure.requirements]
        • 20.4.1.4 Detailed specifications[structure.specifications]
        • 20.4.1.5 C library[structure.see.also]
      • 20.4.2 Other conventions[conventions]
        • 20.4.2.1 Type descriptions[type.descriptions]
          • 20.4.2.1.1 General[type.descriptions.general]
          • 20.4.2.1.2 Exposition-only types[expos.only.types]
          • 20.4.2.1.3 Enumerated types[enumerated.types]
          • 20.4.2.1.4 Bitmask types[bitmask.types]
          • 20.4.2.1.5 Character sequences[character.seq]
            • 20.4.2.1.5.1 Byte strings[byte.strings]
            • 20.4.2.1.5.2 Multibyte strings[multibyte.strings]
        • 20.4.2.2 Functions within classes[functions.within.classes]
        • 20.4.2.3 Private members[objects.within.classes]
    • 20.5 Library-wide requirements[requirements]
      • 20.5.1 Library contents and organization[organization]
        • 20.5.1.1 Library contents[contents]
        • 20.5.1.2 Headers[headers]
        • 20.5.1.3 Freestanding implementations[compliance]
      • 20.5.2 Using the library[using]
        • 20.5.2.1 Overview[using.overview]
        • 20.5.2.2 Headers[using.headers]
        • 20.5.2.3 Linkage[using.linkage]
      • 20.5.3 Requirements on types and expressions[utility.requirements]
        • 20.5.3.1 Template argument requirements[utility.arg.requirements]
        • 20.5.3.2 Swappable requirements[swappable.requirements]
        • 20.5.3.3 NullablePointer requirements[nullablepointer.requirements]
        • 20.5.3.4 Hash requirements[hash.requirements]
        • 20.5.3.5 Allocator requirements[allocator.requirements]
          • 20.5.3.5.1 Allocator completeness requirements[allocator.requirements.completeness]
      • 20.5.4 Constraints on programs[constraints]
        • 20.5.4.1 Overview[constraints.overview]
        • 20.5.4.2 Namespace use[namespace.constraints]
          • 20.5.4.2.1 Namespace std[namespace.std]
          • 20.5.4.2.2 Namespace posix[namespace.posix]
          • 20.5.4.2.3 Namespaces for future standardization[namespace.future]
        • 20.5.4.3 Reserved names[reserved.names]
          • 20.5.4.3.1 Zombie names[zombie.names]
          • 20.5.4.3.2 Macro names[macro.names]
          • 20.5.4.3.3 External linkage[extern.names]
          • 20.5.4.3.4 Types[extern.types]
          • 20.5.4.3.5 User-defined literal suffixes[usrlit.suffix]
        • 20.5.4.4 Headers[alt.headers]
        • 20.5.4.5 Derived classes[derived.classes]
        • 20.5.4.6 Replacement functions[replacement.functions]
        • 20.5.4.7 Handler functions[handler.functions]
        • 20.5.4.8 Other functions[res.on.functions]
        • 20.5.4.9 Function arguments[res.on.arguments]
        • 20.5.4.10 Library object access[res.on.objects]
        • 20.5.4.11 Requires paragraph[res.on.required]
      • 20.5.5 Conforming implementations[conforming]
        • 20.5.5.1 Overview[conforming.overview]
        • 20.5.5.2 Headers[res.on.headers]
        • 20.5.5.3 Restrictions on macro definitions[res.on.macro.definitions]
        • 20.5.5.4 Non-member functions[global.functions]
        • 20.5.5.5 Member functions[member.functions]
        • 20.5.5.6 Constexpr functions and constructors[constexpr.functions]
        • 20.5.5.7 Requirements for stable algorithms[algorithm.stable]
        • 20.5.5.8 Reentrancy[reentrancy]
        • 20.5.5.9 Data race avoidance[res.on.data.races]
        • 20.5.5.10 Protection within classes[protection.within.classes]
        • 20.5.5.11 Derived classes[derivation]
        • 20.5.5.12 Restrictions on exception handling[res.on.exception.handling]
        • 20.5.5.13 Restrictions on storage of pointers[res.on.pointer.storage]
        • 20.5.5.14 Value of error codes[value.error.codes]
        • 20.5.5.15 Moved-from state of library types[lib.types.movedfrom]
  • 21 Language support library[language.support]
    • 21.1 General[support.general]
    • 21.2 Common definitions[support.types]
      • 21.2.1 Header <cstddef> synopsis[cstddef.syn]
      • 21.2.2 Header <cstdlib> synopsis[cstdlib.syn]
      • 21.2.3 Null pointers[support.types.nullptr]
      • 21.2.4 Sizes, alignments, and offsets[support.types.layout]
      • 21.2.5 byte type operations[support.types.byteops]
    • 21.3 Implementation properties[support.limits]
      • 21.3.1 General[support.limits.general]
      • 21.3.2 Header <limits> synopsis[limits.syn]
      • 21.3.3 Floating-point type properties[fp.style]
        • 21.3.3.1 Type float_­round_­style[round.style]
        • 21.3.3.2 Type float_­denorm_­style[denorm.style]
      • 21.3.4 Class template numeric_­limits[numeric.limits]
        • 21.3.4.1 numeric_­limits members[numeric.limits.members]
        • 21.3.4.2 numeric_­limits specializations[numeric.special]
      • 21.3.5 Header <climits> synopsis[climits.syn]
      • 21.3.6 Header <cfloat> synopsis[cfloat.syn]
    • 21.4 Integer types[cstdint]
      • 21.4.1 Header <cstdint> synopsis[cstdint.syn]
    • 21.5 Start and termination[support.start.term]
    • 21.6 Dynamic memory management[support.dynamic]
      • 21.6.1 Header <new> synopsis[new.syn]
      • 21.6.2 Storage allocation and deallocation[new.delete]
        • 21.6.2.1 Single-object forms[new.delete.single]
        • 21.6.2.2 Array forms[new.delete.array]
        • 21.6.2.3 Non-allocating forms[new.delete.placement]
        • 21.6.2.4 Data races[new.delete.dataraces]
      • 21.6.3 Storage allocation errors[alloc.errors]
        • 21.6.3.1 Class bad_­alloc[bad.alloc]
        • 21.6.3.2 Class bad_­array_­new_­length[new.badlength]
        • 21.6.3.3 Type new_­handler[new.handler]
        • 21.6.3.4 set_­new_­handler[set.new.handler]
        • 21.6.3.5 get_­new_­handler[get.new.handler]
      • 21.6.4 Pointer optimization barrier[ptr.launder]
      • 21.6.5 Hardware interference size[hardware.interference]
    • 21.7 Type identification[support.rtti]
      • 21.7.1 Header <typeinfo> synopsis[typeinfo.syn]
      • 21.7.2 Class type_­info[type.info]
      • 21.7.3 Class bad_­cast[bad.cast]
      • 21.7.4 Class bad_­typeid[bad.typeid]
    • 21.8 Exception handling[support.exception]
      • 21.8.1 Header <exception> synopsis[exception.syn]
      • 21.8.2 Class exception[exception]
      • 21.8.3 Class bad_­exception[bad.exception]
      • 21.8.4 Abnormal termination[exception.terminate]
        • 21.8.4.1 Type terminate_­handler[terminate.handler]
        • 21.8.4.2 set_­terminate[set.terminate]
        • 21.8.4.3 get_­terminate[get.terminate]
        • 21.8.4.4 terminate[terminate]
      • 21.8.5 uncaught_­exceptions[uncaught.exceptions]
      • 21.8.6 Exception propagation[propagation]
      • 21.8.7 nested_­exception[except.nested]
    • 21.9 Initializer lists[support.initlist]
      • 21.9.1 Header <initializer_­list> synopsis[initializer_list.syn]
      • 21.9.2 Initializer list constructors[support.initlist.cons]
      • 21.9.3 Initializer list access[support.initlist.access]
      • 21.9.4 Initializer list range access[support.initlist.range]
    • 21.10 Other runtime support[support.runtime]
      • 21.10.1 Header <cstdarg> synopsis[cstdarg.syn]
      • 21.10.2 Header <csetjmp> synopsis[csetjmp.syn]
      • 21.10.3 Header <csignal> synopsis[csignal.syn]
      • 21.10.4 Signal handlers[support.signal]
  • 22 Diagnostics library[diagnostics]
    • 22.1 General[diagnostics.general]
    • 22.2 Exception classes[std.exceptions]
      • 22.2.1 Header <stdexcept> synopsis[stdexcept.syn]
      • 22.2.2 Class logic_­error[logic.error]
      • 22.2.3 Class domain_­error[domain.error]
      • 22.2.4 Class invalid_­argument[invalid.argument]
      • 22.2.5 Class length_­error[length.error]
      • 22.2.6 Class out_­of_­range[out.of.range]
      • 22.2.7 Class runtime_­error[runtime.error]
      • 22.2.8 Class range_­error[range.error]
      • 22.2.9 Class overflow_­error[overflow.error]
      • 22.2.10 Class underflow_­error[underflow.error]
    • 22.3 Assertions[assertions]
      • 22.3.1 Header <cassert> synopsis[cassert.syn]
      • 22.3.2 The assert macro[assertions.assert]
    • 22.4 Error numbers[errno]
      • 22.4.1 Header <cerrno> synopsis[cerrno.syn]
    • 22.5 System error support[syserr]
      • 22.5.1 Header <system_­error> synopsis[system_error.syn]
      • 22.5.2 Class error_­category[syserr.errcat]
        • 22.5.2.1 Class error_­category overview[syserr.errcat.overview]
        • 22.5.2.2 Class error_­category virtual members[syserr.errcat.virtuals]
        • 22.5.2.3 Class error_­category non-virtual members[syserr.errcat.nonvirtuals]
        • 22.5.2.4 Program defined classes derived from error_­category[syserr.errcat.derived]
        • 22.5.2.5 Error category objects[syserr.errcat.objects]
      • 22.5.3 Class error_­code[syserr.errcode]
        • 22.5.3.1 Class error_­code overview[syserr.errcode.overview]
        • 22.5.3.2 Class error_­code constructors[syserr.errcode.constructors]
        • 22.5.3.3 Class error_­code modifiers[syserr.errcode.modifiers]
        • 22.5.3.4 Class error_­code observers[syserr.errcode.observers]
        • 22.5.3.5 Class error_­code non-member functions[syserr.errcode.nonmembers]
      • 22.5.4 Class error_­condition[syserr.errcondition]
        • 22.5.4.1 Class error_­condition overview[syserr.errcondition.overview]
        • 22.5.4.2 Class error_­condition constructors[syserr.errcondition.constructors]
        • 22.5.4.3 Class error_­condition modifiers[syserr.errcondition.modifiers]
        • 22.5.4.4 Class error_­condition observers[syserr.errcondition.observers]
        • 22.5.4.5 Class error_­condition non-member functions[syserr.errcondition.nonmembers]
      • 22.5.5 Comparison functions[syserr.compare]
      • 22.5.6 System error hash support[syserr.hash]
      • 22.5.7 Class system_­error[syserr.syserr]
        • 22.5.7.1 Class system_­error overview[syserr.syserr.overview]
        • 22.5.7.2 Class system_­error members[syserr.syserr.members]
  • 23 General utilities library[utilities]
    • 23.1 General[utilities.general]
    • 23.2 Utility components[utility]
      • 23.2.1 Header <utility> synopsis[utility.syn]
      • 23.2.2 Operators[operators]
      • 23.2.3 swap[utility.swap]
      • 23.2.4 exchange[utility.exchange]
      • 23.2.5 Forward/move helpers[forward]
      • 23.2.6 Function template as_­const[utility.as_const]
      • 23.2.7 Function template declval[declval]
      • 23.2.8 Primitive numeric output conversion[utility.to.chars]
      • 23.2.9 Primitive numeric input conversion[utility.from.chars]
    • 23.3 Compile-time integer sequences[intseq]
      • 23.3.1 In general[intseq.general]
      • 23.3.2 Class template integer_­sequence[intseq.intseq]
      • 23.3.3 Alias template make_­integer_­sequence[intseq.make]
    • 23.4 Pairs[pairs]
      • 23.4.1 In general[pairs.general]
      • 23.4.2 Class template pair[pairs.pair]
      • 23.4.3 Specialized algorithms[pairs.spec]
      • 23.4.4 Tuple-like access to pair[pair.astuple]
      • 23.4.5 Piecewise construction[pair.piecewise]
    • 23.5 Tuples[tuple]
      • 23.5.1 In general[tuple.general]
      • 23.5.2 Header <tuple> synopsis[tuple.syn]
      • 23.5.3 Class template tuple[tuple.tuple]
        • 23.5.3.1 Construction[tuple.cnstr]
        • 23.5.3.2 Assignment[tuple.assign]
        • 23.5.3.3 swap[tuple.swap]
        • 23.5.3.4 Tuple creation functions[tuple.creation]
        • 23.5.3.5 Calling a function with a tuple of arguments[tuple.apply]
        • 23.5.3.6 Tuple helper classes[tuple.helper]
        • 23.5.3.7 Element access[tuple.elem]
        • 23.5.3.8 Relational operators[tuple.rel]
        • 23.5.3.9 Tuple traits[tuple.traits]
        • 23.5.3.10 Tuple specialized algorithms[tuple.special]
    • 23.6 Optional objects[optional]
      • 23.6.1 In general[optional.general]
      • 23.6.2 Header <optional> synopsis[optional.syn]
      • 23.6.3 Class template optional[optional.optional]
        • 23.6.3.1 Constructors[optional.ctor]
        • 23.6.3.2 Destructor[optional.dtor]
        • 23.6.3.3 Assignment[optional.assign]
        • 23.6.3.4 Swap[optional.swap]
        • 23.6.3.5 Observers[optional.observe]
        • 23.6.3.6 Modifiers[optional.mod]
      • 23.6.4 No-value state indicator[optional.nullopt]
      • 23.6.5 Class bad_­optional_­access[optional.bad.access]
      • 23.6.6 Relational operators[optional.relops]
      • 23.6.7 Comparison with nullopt[optional.nullops]
      • 23.6.8 Comparison with T[optional.comp_with_t]
      • 23.6.9 Specialized algorithms[optional.specalg]
      • 23.6.10 Hash support[optional.hash]
    • 23.7 Variants[variant]
      • 23.7.1 In general[variant.general]
      • 23.7.2 Header <variant> synopsis[variant.syn]
      • 23.7.3 Class template variant[variant.variant]
        • 23.7.3.1 Constructors[variant.ctor]
        • 23.7.3.2 Destructor[variant.dtor]
        • 23.7.3.3 Assignment[variant.assign]
        • 23.7.3.4 Modifiers[variant.mod]
        • 23.7.3.5 Value status[variant.status]
        • 23.7.3.6 Swap[variant.swap]
      • 23.7.4 variant helper classes[variant.helper]
      • 23.7.5 Value access[variant.get]
      • 23.7.6 Relational operators[variant.relops]
      • 23.7.7 Visitation[variant.visit]
      • 23.7.8 Class monostate[variant.monostate]
      • 23.7.9 monostate relational operators[variant.monostate.relops]
      • 23.7.10 Specialized algorithms[variant.specalg]
      • 23.7.11 Class bad_­variant_­access[variant.bad.access]
      • 23.7.12 Hash support[variant.hash]
      • 23.7.13 Allocator-related traits[variant.traits]
    • 23.8 Storage for any type[any]
      • 23.8.1 Header <any> synopsis[any.synop]
      • 23.8.2 Class bad_­any_­cast[any.bad_any_cast]
      • 23.8.3 Class any[any.class]
        • 23.8.3.1 Construction and destruction[any.cons]
        • 23.8.3.2 Assignment[any.assign]
        • 23.8.3.3 Modifiers[any.modifiers]
        • 23.8.3.4 Observers[any.observers]
      • 23.8.4 Non-member functions[any.nonmembers]
    • 23.9 Bitsets[bitset]
      • 23.9.1 Header <bitset> synopsis[bitset.syn]
      • 23.9.2 Class template bitset[template.bitset]
        • 23.9.2.1 bitset constructors[bitset.cons]
        • 23.9.2.2 bitset members[bitset.members]
      • 23.9.3 bitset hash support[bitset.hash]
      • 23.9.4 bitset operators[bitset.operators]
    • 23.10 Memory[memory]
      • 23.10.1 In general[memory.general]
      • 23.10.2 Header <memory> synopsis[memory.syn]
      • 23.10.3 Pointer traits[pointer.traits]
        • 23.10.3.1 Pointer traits member types[pointer.traits.types]
        • 23.10.3.2 Pointer traits member functions[pointer.traits.functions]
      • 23.10.4 Pointer safety[util.dynamic.safety]
      • 23.10.5 Align[ptr.align]
      • 23.10.6 Allocator argument tag[allocator.tag]
      • 23.10.7 uses_­allocator[allocator.uses]
        • 23.10.7.1 uses_­allocator trait[allocator.uses.trait]
        • 23.10.7.2 Uses-allocator construction[allocator.uses.construction]
      • 23.10.8 Allocator traits[allocator.traits]
        • 23.10.8.1 Allocator traits member types[allocator.traits.types]
        • 23.10.8.2 Allocator traits static member functions[allocator.traits.members]
      • 23.10.9 The default allocator[default.allocator]
        • 23.10.9.1 allocator members[allocator.members]
        • 23.10.9.2 allocator globals[allocator.globals]
      • 23.10.10 Specialized algorithms[specialized.algorithms]
        • 23.10.10.1 addressof[specialized.addressof]
        • 23.10.10.2 uninitialized_­default_­construct[uninitialized.construct.default]
        • 23.10.10.3 uninitialized_­value_­construct[uninitialized.construct.value]
        • 23.10.10.4 uninitialized_­copy[uninitialized.copy]
        • 23.10.10.5 uninitialized_­move[uninitialized.move]
        • 23.10.10.6 uninitialized_­fill[uninitialized.fill]
        • 23.10.10.7 destroy[specialized.destroy]
      • 23.10.11 C library memory allocation[c.malloc]
    • 23.11 Smart pointers[smartptr]
      • 23.11.1 Class template unique_­ptr[unique.ptr]
        • 23.11.1.1 Default deleters[unique.ptr.dltr]
          • 23.11.1.1.1 In general[unique.ptr.dltr.general]
          • 23.11.1.1.2 default_­delete[unique.ptr.dltr.dflt]
          • 23.11.1.1.3 default_­delete<T[]>[unique.ptr.dltr.dflt1]
        • 23.11.1.2 unique_­ptr for single objects[unique.ptr.single]
          • 23.11.1.2.1 unique_­ptr constructors[unique.ptr.single.ctor]
          • 23.11.1.2.2 unique_­ptr destructor[unique.ptr.single.dtor]
          • 23.11.1.2.3 unique_­ptr assignment[unique.ptr.single.asgn]
          • 23.11.1.2.4 unique_­ptr observers[unique.ptr.single.observers]
          • 23.11.1.2.5 unique_­ptr modifiers[unique.ptr.single.modifiers]
        • 23.11.1.3 unique_­ptr for array objects with a runtime length[unique.ptr.runtime]
          • 23.11.1.3.1 unique_­ptr constructors[unique.ptr.runtime.ctor]
          • 23.11.1.3.2 unique_­ptr assignment[unique.ptr.runtime.asgn]
          • 23.11.1.3.3 unique_­ptr observers[unique.ptr.runtime.observers]
          • 23.11.1.3.4 unique_­ptr modifiers[unique.ptr.runtime.modifiers]
        • 23.11.1.4 unique_­ptr creation[unique.ptr.create]
        • 23.11.1.5 unique_­ptr specialized algorithms[unique.ptr.special]
      • 23.11.2 Shared-ownership pointers[util.smartptr]
        • 23.11.2.1 Class bad_­weak_­ptr[util.smartptr.weak.bad]
        • 23.11.2.2 Class template shared_­ptr[util.smartptr.shared]
          • 23.11.2.2.1 shared_­ptr constructors[util.smartptr.shared.const]
          • 23.11.2.2.2 shared_­ptr destructor[util.smartptr.shared.dest]
          • 23.11.2.2.3 shared_­ptr assignment[util.smartptr.shared.assign]
          • 23.11.2.2.4 shared_­ptr modifiers[util.smartptr.shared.mod]
          • 23.11.2.2.5 shared_­ptr observers[util.smartptr.shared.obs]
          • 23.11.2.2.6 shared_­ptr creation[util.smartptr.shared.create]
          • 23.11.2.2.7 shared_­ptr comparison[util.smartptr.shared.cmp]
          • 23.11.2.2.8 shared_­ptr specialized algorithms[util.smartptr.shared.spec]
          • 23.11.2.2.9 shared_­ptr casts[util.smartptr.shared.cast]
          • 23.11.2.2.10 get_­deleter[util.smartptr.getdeleter]
          • 23.11.2.2.11 shared_­ptr I/O[util.smartptr.shared.io]
        • 23.11.2.3 Class template weak_­ptr[util.smartptr.weak]
          • 23.11.2.3.1 weak_­ptr constructors[util.smartptr.weak.const]
          • 23.11.2.3.2 weak_­ptr destructor[util.smartptr.weak.dest]
          • 23.11.2.3.3 weak_­ptr assignment[util.smartptr.weak.assign]
          • 23.11.2.3.4 weak_­ptr modifiers[util.smartptr.weak.mod]
          • 23.11.2.3.5 weak_­ptr observers[util.smartptr.weak.obs]
          • 23.11.2.3.6 weak_­ptr specialized algorithms[util.smartptr.weak.spec]
        • 23.11.2.4 Class template owner_­less[util.smartptr.ownerless]
        • 23.11.2.5 Class template enable_­shared_­from_­this[util.smartptr.enab]
        • 23.11.2.6 shared_­ptr atomic access[util.smartptr.shared.atomic]
        • 23.11.2.7 Smart pointer hash support[util.smartptr.hash]
    • 23.12 Memory resources[mem.res]
      • 23.12.1 Header <memory_­resource> synopsis[mem.res.syn]
      • 23.12.2 Class memory_­resource[mem.res.class]
        • 23.12.2.1 memory_­resource public member functions[mem.res.public]
        • 23.12.2.2 memory_­resource private virtual member functions[mem.res.private]
        • 23.12.2.3 memory_­resource equality[mem.res.eq]
      • 23.12.3 Class template polymorphic_­allocator[mem.poly.allocator.class]
        • 23.12.3.1 polymorphic_­allocator constructors[mem.poly.allocator.ctor]
        • 23.12.3.2 polymorphic_­allocator member functions[mem.poly.allocator.mem]
        • 23.12.3.3 polymorphic_­allocator equality[mem.poly.allocator.eq]
      • 23.12.4 Access to program-wide memory_­resource objects[mem.res.global]
      • 23.12.5 Pool resource classes[mem.res.pool]
        • 23.12.5.1 Classes synchronized_­pool_­resource and unsynchronized_­pool_­resource[mem.res.pool.overview]
        • 23.12.5.2 pool_­options data members[mem.res.pool.options]
        • 23.12.5.3 Pool resource constructors and destructors[mem.res.pool.ctor]
        • 23.12.5.4 Pool resource members[mem.res.pool.mem]
      • 23.12.6 Class monotonic_­buffer_­resource[mem.res.monotonic.buffer]
        • 23.12.6.1 monotonic_­buffer_­resource constructor and destructor[mem.res.monotonic.buffer.ctor]
        • 23.12.6.2 monotonic_­buffer_­resource members[mem.res.monotonic.buffer.mem]
    • 23.13 Class template scoped_­allocator_­adaptor[allocator.adaptor]
      • 23.13.1 Header <scoped_­allocator> synopsis[allocator.adaptor.syn]
      • 23.13.2 Scoped allocator adaptor member types[allocator.adaptor.types]
      • 23.13.3 Scoped allocator adaptor constructors[allocator.adaptor.cnstr]
      • 23.13.4 Scoped allocator adaptor members[allocator.adaptor.members]
      • 23.13.5 Scoped allocator operators[scoped.adaptor.operators]
    • 23.14 Function objects[function.objects]
      • 23.14.1 Header <functional> synopsis[functional.syn]
      • 23.14.2 Definitions[func.def]
      • 23.14.3 Requirements[func.require]
      • 23.14.4 Function template invoke[func.invoke]
      • 23.14.5 Class template reference_­wrapper[refwrap]
        • 23.14.5.1 reference_­wrapper construct/copy/destroy[refwrap.const]
        • 23.14.5.2 reference_­wrapper assignment[refwrap.assign]
        • 23.14.5.3 reference_­wrapper access[refwrap.access]
        • 23.14.5.4 reference_­wrapper invocation[refwrap.invoke]
        • 23.14.5.5 reference_­wrapper helper functions[refwrap.helpers]
      • 23.14.6 Arithmetic operations[arithmetic.operations]
        • 23.14.6.1 Class template plus[arithmetic.operations.plus]
        • 23.14.6.2 Class template minus[arithmetic.operations.minus]
        • 23.14.6.3 Class template multiplies[arithmetic.operations.multiplies]
        • 23.14.6.4 Class template divides[arithmetic.operations.divides]
        • 23.14.6.5 Class template modulus[arithmetic.operations.modulus]
        • 23.14.6.6 Class template negate[arithmetic.operations.negate]
      • 23.14.7 Comparisons[comparisons]
        • 23.14.7.1 Class template equal_­to[comparisons.equal_to]
        • 23.14.7.2 Class template not_­equal_­to[comparisons.not_equal_to]
        • 23.14.7.3 Class template greater[comparisons.greater]
        • 23.14.7.4 Class template less[comparisons.less]
        • 23.14.7.5 Class template greater_­equal[comparisons.greater_equal]
        • 23.14.7.6 Class template less_­equal[comparisons.less_equal]
      • 23.14.8 Logical operations[logical.operations]
        • 23.14.8.1 Class template logical_­and[logical.operations.and]
        • 23.14.8.2 Class template logical_­or[logical.operations.or]
        • 23.14.8.3 Class template logical_­not[logical.operations.not]
      • 23.14.9 Bitwise operations[bitwise.operations]
        • 23.14.9.1 Class template bit_­and[bitwise.operations.and]
        • 23.14.9.2 Class template bit_­or[bitwise.operations.or]
        • 23.14.9.3 Class template bit_­xor[bitwise.operations.xor]
        • 23.14.9.4 Class template bit_­not[bitwise.operations.not]
      • 23.14.10 Function template not_­fn[func.not_fn]
      • 23.14.11 Function object binders[func.bind]
        • 23.14.11.1 Class template is_­bind_­expression[func.bind.isbind]
        • 23.14.11.2 Class template is_­placeholder[func.bind.isplace]
        • 23.14.11.3 Function template bind[func.bind.bind]
        • 23.14.11.4 Placeholders[func.bind.place]
      • 23.14.12 Function template mem_­fn[func.memfn]
      • 23.14.13 Polymorphic function wrappers[func.wrap]
        • 23.14.13.1 Class bad_­function_­call[func.wrap.badcall]
          • 23.14.13.1.1 bad_­function_­call constructor[func.wrap.badcall.const]
        • 23.14.13.2 Class template function[func.wrap.func]
          • 23.14.13.2.1 function construct/copy/destroy[func.wrap.func.con]
          • 23.14.13.2.2 function modifiers[func.wrap.func.mod]
          • 23.14.13.2.3 function capacity[func.wrap.func.cap]
          • 23.14.13.2.4 function invocation[func.wrap.func.inv]
          • 23.14.13.2.5 function target access[func.wrap.func.targ]
          • 23.14.13.2.6 null pointer comparison functions[func.wrap.func.nullptr]
          • 23.14.13.2.7 specialized algorithms[func.wrap.func.alg]
      • 23.14.14 Searchers[func.search]
        • 23.14.14.1 Class template default_­searcher[func.search.default]
        • 23.14.14.2 Class template boyer_­moore_­searcher[func.search.bm]
        • 23.14.14.3 Class template boyer_­moore_­horspool_­searcher[func.search.bmh]
      • 23.14.15 Class template hash[unord.hash]
    • 23.15 Metaprogramming and type traits[meta]
      • 23.15.1 Requirements[meta.rqmts]
      • 23.15.2 Header <type_­traits> synopsis[meta.type.synop]
      • 23.15.3 Helper classes[meta.help]
      • 23.15.4 Unary type traits[meta.unary]
        • 23.15.4.1 Primary type categories[meta.unary.cat]
        • 23.15.4.2 Composite type traits[meta.unary.comp]
        • 23.15.4.3 Type properties[meta.unary.prop]
      • 23.15.5 Type property queries[meta.unary.prop.query]
      • 23.15.6 Relationships between types[meta.rel]
      • 23.15.7 Transformations between types[meta.trans]
        • 23.15.7.1 Const-volatile modifications[meta.trans.cv]
        • 23.15.7.2 Reference modifications[meta.trans.ref]
        • 23.15.7.3 Sign modifications[meta.trans.sign]
        • 23.15.7.4 Array modifications[meta.trans.arr]
        • 23.15.7.5 Pointer modifications[meta.trans.ptr]
        • 23.15.7.6 Other transformations[meta.trans.other]
      • 23.15.8 Logical operator traits[meta.logical]
    • 23.16 Compile-time rational arithmetic[ratio]
      • 23.16.1 In general[ratio.general]
      • 23.16.2 Header <ratio> synopsis[ratio.syn]
      • 23.16.3 Class template ratio[ratio.ratio]
      • 23.16.4 Arithmetic on ratios[ratio.arithmetic]
      • 23.16.5 Comparison of ratios[ratio.comparison]
      • 23.16.6 SI types for ratio[ratio.si]
    • 23.17 Time utilities[time]
      • 23.17.1 In general[time.general]
      • 23.17.2 Header <chrono> synopsis[time.syn]
      • 23.17.3 Clock requirements[time.clock.req]
      • 23.17.4 Time-related traits[time.traits]
        • 23.17.4.1 treat_­as_­floating_­point[time.traits.is_fp]
        • 23.17.4.2 duration_­values[time.traits.duration_values]
        • 23.17.4.3 Specializations of common_­type[time.traits.specializations]
      • 23.17.5 Class template duration[time.duration]
        • 23.17.5.1 duration constructors[time.duration.cons]
        • 23.17.5.2 duration observer[time.duration.observer]
        • 23.17.5.3 duration arithmetic[time.duration.arithmetic]
        • 23.17.5.4 duration special values[time.duration.special]
        • 23.17.5.5 duration non-member arithmetic[time.duration.nonmember]
        • 23.17.5.6 duration comparisons[time.duration.comparisons]
        • 23.17.5.7 duration_­cast[time.duration.cast]
        • 23.17.5.8 Suffixes for duration literals[time.duration.literals]
        • 23.17.5.9 duration algorithms[time.duration.alg]
      • 23.17.6 Class template time_­point[time.point]
        • 23.17.6.1 time_­point constructors[time.point.cons]
        • 23.17.6.2 time_­point observer[time.point.observer]
        • 23.17.6.3 time_­point arithmetic[time.point.arithmetic]
        • 23.17.6.4 time_­point special values[time.point.special]
        • 23.17.6.5 time_­point non-member arithmetic[time.point.nonmember]
        • 23.17.6.6 time_­point comparisons[time.point.comparisons]
        • 23.17.6.7 time_­point_­cast[time.point.cast]
      • 23.17.7 Clocks[time.clock]
        • 23.17.7.1 Class system_­clock[time.clock.system]
        • 23.17.7.2 Class steady_­clock[time.clock.steady]
        • 23.17.7.3 Class high_­resolution_­clock[time.clock.hires]
      • 23.17.8 Header <ctime> synopsis[ctime.syn]
    • 23.18 Class type_­index[type.index]
      • 23.18.1 Header <typeindex> synopsis[type.index.synopsis]
      • 23.18.2 type_­index overview[type.index.overview]
      • 23.18.3 type_­index members[type.index.members]
      • 23.18.4 Hash support[type.index.hash]
    • 23.19 Execution policies[execpol]
      • 23.19.1 In general[execpol.general]
      • 23.19.2 Header <execution> synopsis[execution.syn]
      • 23.19.3 Execution policy type trait[execpol.type]
      • 23.19.4 Sequenced execution policy[execpol.seq]
      • 23.19.5 Parallel execution policy[execpol.par]
      • 23.19.6 Parallel and unsequenced execution policy[execpol.parunseq]
      • 23.19.7 Execution policy objects[execpol.objects]
  • 24 Strings library[strings]
    • 24.1 General[strings.general]
    • 24.2 Character traits[char.traits]
      • 24.2.1 Character traits requirements[char.traits.require]
      • 24.2.2 Traits typedefs[char.traits.typedefs]
      • 24.2.3 char_­traits specializations[char.traits.specializations]
        • 24.2.3.1 struct char_­traits<char>[char.traits.specializations.char]
        • 24.2.3.2 struct char_­traits<char16_­t>[char.traits.specializations.char16_t]
        • 24.2.3.3 struct char_­traits<char32_­t>[char.traits.specializations.char32_t]
        • 24.2.3.4 struct char_­traits<wchar_­t>[char.traits.specializations.wchar.t]
    • 24.3 String classes[string.classes]
      • 24.3.1 Header <string> synopsis[string.syn]
      • 24.3.2 Class template basic_­string[basic.string]
        • 24.3.2.1 basic_­string general requirements[string.require]
        • 24.3.2.2 basic_­string constructors and assignment operators[string.cons]
        • 24.3.2.3 basic_­string iterator support[string.iterators]
        • 24.3.2.4 basic_­string capacity[string.capacity]
        • 24.3.2.5 basic_­string element access[string.access]
        • 24.3.2.6 basic_­string modifiers[string.modifiers]
          • 24.3.2.6.1 basic_­string​::​operator+=[string.op+=]
          • 24.3.2.6.2 basic_­string​::​append[string.append]
          • 24.3.2.6.3 basic_­string​::​assign[string.assign]
          • 24.3.2.6.4 basic_­string​::​insert[string.insert]
          • 24.3.2.6.5 basic_­string​::​erase[string.erase]
          • 24.3.2.6.6 basic_­string​::​replace[string.replace]
          • 24.3.2.6.7 basic_­string​::​copy[string.copy]
          • 24.3.2.6.8 basic_­string​::​swap[string.swap]
        • 24.3.2.7 basic_­string string operations[string.ops]
          • 24.3.2.7.1 basic_­string accessors[string.accessors]
          • 24.3.2.7.2 basic_­string​::​find[string.find]
          • 24.3.2.7.3 basic_­string​::​rfind[string.rfind]
          • 24.3.2.7.4 basic_­string​::​find_­first_­of[string.find.first.of]
          • 24.3.2.7.5 basic_­string​::​find_­last_­of[string.find.last.of]
          • 24.3.2.7.6 basic_­string​::​find_­first_­not_­of[string.find.first.not.of]
          • 24.3.2.7.7 basic_­string​::​find_­last_­not_­of[string.find.last.not.of]
          • 24.3.2.7.8 basic_­string​::​substr[string.substr]
          • 24.3.2.7.9 basic_­string​::​compare[string.compare]
      • 24.3.3 basic_­string non-member functions[string.nonmembers]
        • 24.3.3.1 operator+[string.op+]
        • 24.3.3.2 operator==[string.operator==]
        • 24.3.3.3 operator!=[string.op!=]
        • 24.3.3.4 [[CppStd:string.op%3c|operator< [string.op<]]][string.op%3c]
        • 24.3.3.5 [[CppStd:string.op%3e|operator> [string.op>]]][string.op%3e]
        • 24.3.3.6 [[CppStd:string.op%3c=|operator<= [string.op<=]]][string.op%3c=]
        • 24.3.3.7 [[CppStd:string.op%3e=|operator>= [string.op>=]]][string.op%3e=]
        • 24.3.3.8 swap[string.special]
        • 24.3.3.9 Inserters and extractors[string.io]
      • 24.3.4 Numeric conversions[string.conversions]
      • 24.3.5 Hash support[basic.string.hash]
      • 24.3.6 Suffix for basic_­string literals[basic.string.literals]
    • 24.4 String view classes[string.view]
      • 24.4.1 Header <string_­view> synopsis[string.view.synop]
      • 24.4.2 Class template basic_­string_­view[string.view.template]
        • 24.4.2.1 Construction and assignment[string.view.cons]
        • 24.4.2.2 Iterator support[string.view.iterators]
        • 24.4.2.3 Capacity[string.view.capacity]
        • 24.4.2.4 Element access[string.view.access]
        • 24.4.2.5 Modifiers[string.view.modifiers]
        • 24.4.2.6 String operations[string.view.ops]
        • 24.4.2.7 Searching[string.view.find]
      • 24.4.3 Non-member comparison functions[string.view.comparison]
      • 24.4.4 Inserters and extractors[string.view.io]
      • 24.4.5 Hash support[string.view.hash]
      • 24.4.6 Suffix for basic_­string_­view literals[string.view.literals]
    • 24.5 Null-terminated sequence utilities[c.strings]
      • 24.5.1 Header <cctype> synopsis[cctype.syn]
      • 24.5.2 Header <cwctype> synopsis[cwctype.syn]
      • 24.5.3 Header <cstring> synopsis[cstring.syn]
      • 24.5.4 Header <cwchar> synopsis[cwchar.syn]
      • 24.5.5 Header <cuchar> synopsis[cuchar.syn]
      • 24.5.6 Multibyte / wide string and character conversion functions[c.mb.wcs]
  • 25 Localization library[localization]
    • 25.1 General[localization.general]
    • 25.2 Header <locale> synopsis[locale.syn]
    • 25.3 Locales[locales]
      • 25.3.1 Class locale[locale]
        • 25.3.1.1 locale types[locale.types]
          • 25.3.1.1.1 Type locale​::​category[locale.category]
          • 25.3.1.1.2 Class locale​::​facet[locale.facet]
          • 25.3.1.1.3 Class locale​::​id[locale.id]
        • 25.3.1.2 locale constructors and destructor[locale.cons]
        • 25.3.1.3 locale members[locale.members]
        • 25.3.1.4 locale operators[locale.operators]
        • 25.3.1.5 locale static members[locale.statics]
      • 25.3.2 locale globals[locale.global.templates]
      • 25.3.3 Convenience interfaces[locale.convenience]
        • 25.3.3.1 Character classification[classification]
        • 25.3.3.2 Conversions[conversions]
          • 25.3.3.2.1 Character conversions[conversions.character]
    • 25.4 Standard locale categories[locale.categories]
      • 25.4.1 The ctype category[category.ctype]
        • 25.4.1.1 Class template ctype[locale.ctype]
          • 25.4.1.1.1 ctype members[locale.ctype.members]
          • 25.4.1.1.2 ctype virtual functions[locale.ctype.virtuals]
        • 25.4.1.2 Class template ctype_­byname[locale.ctype.byname]
        • 25.4.1.3 ctype specializations[facet.ctype.special]
          • 25.4.1.3.1 ctype<char> destructor[facet.ctype.char.dtor]
          • 25.4.1.3.2 ctype<char> members[facet.ctype.char.members]
          • 25.4.1.3.3 ctype<char> static members[facet.ctype.char.statics]
          • 25.4.1.3.4 ctype<char> virtual functions[facet.ctype.char.virtuals]
        • 25.4.1.4 Class template codecvt[locale.codecvt]
          • 25.4.1.4.1 codecvt members[locale.codecvt.members]
          • 25.4.1.4.2 codecvt virtual functions[locale.codecvt.virtuals]
        • 25.4.1.5 Class template codecvt_­byname[locale.codecvt.byname]
      • 25.4.2 The numeric category[category.numeric]
        • 25.4.2.1 Class template num_­get[locale.num.get]
          • 25.4.2.1.1 num_­get members[facet.num.get.members]
          • 25.4.2.1.2 num_­get virtual functions[facet.num.get.virtuals]
        • 25.4.2.2 Class template num_­put[locale.nm.put]
          • 25.4.2.2.1 num_­put members[facet.num.put.members]
          • 25.4.2.2.2 num_­put virtual functions[facet.num.put.virtuals]
      • 25.4.3 The numeric punctuation facet[facet.numpunct]
        • 25.4.3.1 Class template numpunct[locale.numpunct]
          • 25.4.3.1.1 numpunct members[facet.numpunct.members]
          • 25.4.3.1.2 numpunct virtual functions[facet.numpunct.virtuals]
        • 25.4.3.2 Class template numpunct_­byname[locale.numpunct.byname]
      • 25.4.4 The collate category[category.collate]
        • 25.4.4.1 Class template collate[locale.collate]
          • 25.4.4.1.1 collate members[locale.collate.members]
          • 25.4.4.1.2 collate virtual functions[locale.collate.virtuals]
        • 25.4.4.2 Class template collate_­byname[locale.collate.byname]
      • 25.4.5 The time category[category.time]
        • 25.4.5.1 Class template time_­get[locale.time.get]
          • 25.4.5.1.1 time_­get members[locale.time.get.members]
          • 25.4.5.1.2 time_­get virtual functions[locale.time.get.virtuals]
        • 25.4.5.2 Class template time_­get_­byname[locale.time.get.byname]
        • 25.4.5.3 Class template time_­put[locale.time.put]
          • 25.4.5.3.1 time_­put members[locale.time.put.members]
          • 25.4.5.3.2 time_­put virtual functions[locale.time.put.virtuals]
        • 25.4.5.4 Class template time_­put_­byname[locale.time.put.byname]
      • 25.4.6 The monetary category[category.monetary]
        • 25.4.6.1 Class template money_­get[locale.money.get]
          • 25.4.6.1.1 money_­get members[locale.money.get.members]
          • 25.4.6.1.2 money_­get virtual functions[locale.money.get.virtuals]
        • 25.4.6.2 Class template money_­put[locale.money.put]
          • 25.4.6.2.1 money_­put members[locale.money.put.members]
          • 25.4.6.2.2 money_­put virtual functions[locale.money.put.virtuals]
        • 25.4.6.3 Class template moneypunct[locale.moneypunct]
          • 25.4.6.3.1 moneypunct members[locale.moneypunct.members]
          • 25.4.6.3.2 moneypunct virtual functions[locale.moneypunct.virtuals]
        • 25.4.6.4 Class template moneypunct_­byname[locale.moneypunct.byname]
      • 25.4.7 The message retrieval category[category.messages]
        • 25.4.7.1 Class template messages[locale.messages]
          • 25.4.7.1.1 messages members[locale.messages.members]
          • 25.4.7.1.2 messages virtual functions[locale.messages.virtuals]
        • 25.4.7.2 Class template messages_­byname[locale.messages.byname]
      • 25.4.8 Program-defined facets[facets.examples]
    • 25.5 C library locales[c.locales]
      • 25.5.1 Header <clocale> synopsis[clocale.syn]
  • 26 Containers library[containers]
    • 26.1 General[containers.general]
    • 26.2 Container requirements[container.requirements]
      • 26.2.1 General container requirements[container.requirements.general]
      • 26.2.2 Container data races[container.requirements.dataraces]
      • 26.2.3 Sequence containers[sequence.reqmts]
      • 26.2.4 Node handles[container.node]
        • 26.2.4.1 node_­handle overview[container.node.overview]
        • 26.2.4.2 node_­handle constructors, copy, and assignment[container.node.cons]
        • 26.2.4.3 node_­handle destructor[container.node.dtor]
        • 26.2.4.4 node_­handle observers[container.node.observers]
        • 26.2.4.5 node_­handle modifiers[container.node.modifiers]
      • 26.2.5 Insert return type[container.insert.return]
      • 26.2.6 Associative containers[associative.reqmts]
        • 26.2.6.1 Exception safety guarantees[associative.reqmts.except]
      • 26.2.7 Unordered associative containers[unord.req]
        • 26.2.7.1 Exception safety guarantees[unord.req.except]
    • 26.3 Sequence containers[sequences]
      • 26.3.1 In general[sequences.general]
      • 26.3.2 Header <array> synopsis[array.syn]
      • 26.3.3 Header <deque> synopsis[deque.syn]
      • 26.3.4 Header <forward_­list> synopsis[forward_list.syn]
      • 26.3.5 Header <list> synopsis[list.syn]
      • 26.3.6 Header <vector> synopsis[vector.syn]
      • 26.3.7 Class template array[array]
        • 26.3.7.1 Class template array overview[array.overview]
        • 26.3.7.2 array constructors, copy, and assignment[array.cons]
        • 26.3.7.3 array specialized algorithms[array.special]
        • 26.3.7.4 array​::​size[array.size]
        • 26.3.7.5 array​::​data[array.data]
        • 26.3.7.6 array​::​fill[array.fill]
        • 26.3.7.7 array​::​swap[array.swap]
        • 26.3.7.8 Zero sized arrays[array.zero]
        • 26.3.7.9 Tuple interface to class template array[array.tuple]
      • 26.3.8 Class template deque[deque]
        • 26.3.8.1 Class template deque overview[deque.overview]
        • 26.3.8.2 deque constructors, copy, and assignment[deque.cons]
        • 26.3.8.3 deque capacity[deque.capacity]
        • 26.3.8.4 deque modifiers[deque.modifiers]
        • 26.3.8.5 deque specialized algorithms[deque.special]
      • 26.3.9 Class template forward_­list[forwardlist]
        • 26.3.9.1 Class template forward_­list overview[forwardlist.overview]
        • 26.3.9.2 forward_­list constructors, copy, assignment[forwardlist.cons]
        • 26.3.9.3 forward_­list iterators[forwardlist.iter]
        • 26.3.9.4 forward_­list element access[forwardlist.access]
        • 26.3.9.5 forward_­list modifiers[forwardlist.modifiers]
        • 26.3.9.6 forward_­list operations[forwardlist.ops]
        • 26.3.9.7 forward_­list specialized algorithms[forwardlist.spec]
      • 26.3.10 Class template list[list]
        • 26.3.10.1 Class template list overview[list.overview]
        • 26.3.10.2 list constructors, copy, and assignment[list.cons]
        • 26.3.10.3 list capacity[list.capacity]
        • 26.3.10.4 list modifiers[list.modifiers]
        • 26.3.10.5 list operations[list.ops]
        • 26.3.10.6 list specialized algorithms[list.special]
      • 26.3.11 Class template vector[vector]
        • 26.3.11.1 Class template vector overview[vector.overview]
        • 26.3.11.2 vector constructors, copy, and assignment[vector.cons]
        • 26.3.11.3 vector capacity[vector.capacity]
        • 26.3.11.4 vector data[vector.data]
        • 26.3.11.5 vector modifiers[vector.modifiers]
        • 26.3.11.6 vector specialized algorithms[vector.special]
      • 26.3.12 Class vector<bool>[vector.bool]
    • 26.4 Associative containers[associative]
      • 26.4.1 In general[associative.general]
      • 26.4.2 Header <map> synopsis[associative.map.syn]
      • 26.4.3 Header <set> synopsis[associative.set.syn]
      • 26.4.4 Class template map[map]
        • 26.4.4.1 Class template map overview[map.overview]
        • 26.4.4.2 map constructors, copy, and assignment[map.cons]
        • 26.4.4.3 map element access[map.access]
        • 26.4.4.4 map modifiers[map.modifiers]
        • 26.4.4.5 map specialized algorithms[map.special]
      • 26.4.5 Class template multimap[multimap]
        • 26.4.5.1 Class template multimap overview[multimap.overview]
        • 26.4.5.2 multimap constructors[multimap.cons]
        • 26.4.5.3 multimap modifiers[multimap.modifiers]
        • 26.4.5.4 multimap specialized algorithms[multimap.special]
      • 26.4.6 Class template set[set]
        • 26.4.6.1 Class template set overview[set.overview]
        • 26.4.6.2 set constructors, copy, and assignment[set.cons]
        • 26.4.6.3 set specialized algorithms[set.special]
      • 26.4.7 Class template multiset[multiset]
        • 26.4.7.1 Class template multiset overview[multiset.overview]
        • 26.4.7.2 multiset constructors[multiset.cons]
        • 26.4.7.3 multiset specialized algorithms[multiset.special]
    • 26.5 Unordered associative containers[unord]
      • 26.5.1 In general[unord.general]
      • 26.5.2 Header <unordered_­map> synopsis[unord.map.syn]
      • 26.5.3 Header <unordered_­set> synopsis[unord.set.syn]
      • 26.5.4 Class template unordered_­map[unord.map]
        • 26.5.4.1 Class template unordered_­map overview[unord.map.overview]
        • 26.5.4.2 unordered_­map constructors[unord.map.cnstr]
        • 26.5.4.3 unordered_­map element access[unord.map.elem]
        • 26.5.4.4 unordered_­map modifiers[unord.map.modifiers]
        • 26.5.4.5 unordered_­map swap[unord.map.swap]
      • 26.5.5 Class template unordered_­multimap[unord.multimap]
        • 26.5.5.1 Class template unordered_­multimap overview[unord.multimap.overview]
        • 26.5.5.2 unordered_­multimap constructors[unord.multimap.cnstr]
        • 26.5.5.3 unordered_­multimap modifiers[unord.multimap.modifiers]
        • 26.5.5.4 unordered_­multimap swap[unord.multimap.swap]
      • 26.5.6 Class template unordered_­set[unord.set]
        • 26.5.6.1 Class template unordered_­set overview[unord.set.overview]
        • 26.5.6.2 unordered_­set constructors[unord.set.cnstr]
        • 26.5.6.3 unordered_­set swap[unord.set.swap]
      • 26.5.7 Class template unordered_­multiset[unord.multiset]
        • 26.5.7.1 Class template unordered_­multiset overview[unord.multiset.overview]
        • 26.5.7.2 unordered_­multiset constructors[unord.multiset.cnstr]
        • 26.5.7.3 unordered_­multiset swap[unord.multiset.swap]
    • 26.6 Container adaptors[container.adaptors]
      • 26.6.1 In general[container.adaptors.general]
      • 26.6.2 Header <queue> synopsis[queue.syn]
      • 26.6.3 Header <stack> synopsis[stack.syn]
      • 26.6.4 Class template queue[queue]
        • 26.6.4.1 queue definition[queue.defn]
        • 26.6.4.2 queue constructors[queue.cons]
        • 26.6.4.3 queue constructors with allocators[queue.cons.alloc]
        • 26.6.4.4 queue operators[queue.ops]
        • 26.6.4.5 queue specialized algorithms[queue.special]
      • 26.6.5 Class template priority_­queue[priority.queue]
        • 26.6.5.1 priority_­queue constructors[priqueue.cons]
        • 26.6.5.2 priority_­queue constructors with allocators[priqueue.cons.alloc]
        • 26.6.5.3 priority_­queue members[priqueue.members]
        • 26.6.5.4 priority_­queue specialized algorithms[priqueue.special]
      • 26.6.6 Class template stack[stack]
        • 26.6.6.1 stack definition[stack.defn]
        • 26.6.6.2 stack constructors[stack.cons]
        • 26.6.6.3 stack constructors with allocators[stack.cons.alloc]
        • 26.6.6.4 stack operators[stack.ops]
        • 26.6.6.5 stack specialized algorithms[stack.special]
  • 27 Iterators library[iterators]
    • 27.1 General[iterators.general]
    • 27.2 Iterator requirements[iterator.requirements]
      • 27.2.1 In general[iterator.requirements.general]
      • 27.2.2 Iterator[iterator.iterators]
      • 27.2.3 Input iterators[input.iterators]
      • 27.2.4 Output iterators[output.iterators]
      • 27.2.5 Forward iterators[forward.iterators]
      • 27.2.6 Bidirectional iterators[bidirectional.iterators]
      • 27.2.7 Random access iterators[random.access.iterators]
    • 27.3 Header <iterator> synopsis[iterator.synopsis]
    • 27.4 Iterator primitives[iterator.primitives]
      • 27.4.1 Iterator traits[iterator.traits]
      • 27.4.2 Standard iterator tags[std.iterator.tags]
      • 27.4.3 Iterator operations[iterator.operations]
    • 27.5 Iterator adaptors[predef.iterators]
      • 27.5.1 Reverse iterators[reverse.iterators]
        • 27.5.1.1 Class template reverse_­iterator[reverse.iterator]
        • 27.5.1.2 reverse_­iterator requirements[reverse.iter.requirements]
        • 27.5.1.3 reverse_­iterator operations[reverse.iter.ops]
          • 27.5.1.3.1 reverse_­iterator constructor[reverse.iter.cons]
          • 27.5.1.3.2 reverse_­iterator​::​operator=[reverse.iter.op=]
          • 27.5.1.3.3 Conversion[reverse.iter.conv]
          • 27.5.1.3.4 operator*[reverse.iter.op.star]
          • 27.5.1.3.5 operator->[reverse.iter.opref]
          • 27.5.1.3.6 operator++[reverse.iter.op++]
          • 27.5.1.3.7 operator--[reverse.iter.op--]
          • 27.5.1.3.8 operator+[reverse.iter.op+]
          • 27.5.1.3.9 operator+=[reverse.iter.op+=]
          • 27.5.1.3.10 operator-[reverse.iter.op-]
          • 27.5.1.3.11 operator-=[reverse.iter.op-=]
          • 27.5.1.3.12 operator[][reverse.iter.opindex]
          • 27.5.1.3.13 operator==[reverse.iter.op==]
          • 27.5.1.3.14 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3c|operator< [reverse.iter.op<]]][reverse.iter.op%3c]
          • 27.5.1.3.15 operator!=[reverse.iter.op!=]
          • 27.5.1.3.16 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3e|operator> [reverse.iter.op>]]][reverse.iter.op%3e]
          • 27.5.1.3.17 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3e=|operator>= [reverse.iter.op>=]]][reverse.iter.op%3e=]
          • 27.5.1.3.18 [[CppStd:reverse.iter.op%3c=|operator<= [reverse.iter.op<=]]][reverse.iter.op%3c=]
          • 27.5.1.3.19 operator-[reverse.iter.opdiff]
          • 27.5.1.3.20 operator+[reverse.iter.opsum]
          • 27.5.1.3.21 Non-member function make_­reverse_­iterator()[reverse.iter.make]
      • 27.5.2 Insert iterators[insert.iterators]
        • 27.5.2.1 Class template back_­insert_­iterator[back.insert.iterator]
        • 27.5.2.2 back_­insert_­iterator operations[back.insert.iter.ops]
          • 27.5.2.2.1 back_­insert_­iterator constructor[back.insert.iter.cons]
          • 27.5.2.2.2 back_­insert_­iterator​::​operator=[back.insert.iter.op=]
          • 27.5.2.2.3 back_­insert_­iterator​::​operator*[back.insert.iter.op*]
          • 27.5.2.2.4 back_­insert_­iterator​::​operator++[back.insert.iter.op++]
          • 27.5.2.2.5 back_­inserter[back.inserter]
        • 27.5.2.3 Class template front_­insert_­iterator[front.insert.iterator]
        • 27.5.2.4 front_­insert_­iterator operations[front.insert.iter.ops]
          • 27.5.2.4.1 front_­insert_­iterator constructor[front.insert.iter.cons]
          • 27.5.2.4.2 front_­insert_­iterator​::​operator=[front.insert.iter.op=]
          • 27.5.2.4.3 front_­insert_­iterator​::​operator*[front.insert.iter.op*]
          • 27.5.2.4.4 front_­insert_­iterator​::​operator++[front.insert.iter.op++]
          • 27.5.2.4.5 front_­inserter[front.inserter]
        • 27.5.2.5 Class template insert_­iterator[insert.iterator]
        • 27.5.2.6 insert_­iterator operations[insert.iter.ops]
          • 27.5.2.6.1 insert_­iterator constructor[insert.iter.cons]
          • 27.5.2.6.2 insert_­iterator​::​operator=[insert.iter.op=]
          • 27.5.2.6.3 insert_­iterator​::​operator*[insert.iter.op*]
          • 27.5.2.6.4 insert_­iterator​::​operator++[insert.iter.op++]
          • 27.5.2.6.5 inserter[inserter]
      • 27.5.3 Move iterators[move.iterators]
        • 27.5.3.1 Class template move_­iterator[move.iterator]
        • 27.5.3.2 move_­iterator requirements[move.iter.requirements]
        • 27.5.3.3 move_­iterator operations[move.iter.ops]
          • 27.5.3.3.1 move_­iterator constructors[move.iter.op.const]
          • 27.5.3.3.2 move_­iterator​::​operator=[move.iter.op=]
          • 27.5.3.3.3 move_­iterator conversion[move.iter.op.conv]
          • 27.5.3.3.4 move_­iterator​::​operator*[move.iter.op.star]
          • 27.5.3.3.5 move_­iterator​::​operator->[move.iter.op.ref]
          • 27.5.3.3.6 move_­iterator​::​operator++[move.iter.op.incr]
          • 27.5.3.3.7 move_­iterator​::​operator--[move.iter.op.decr]
          • 27.5.3.3.8 move_­iterator​::​operator+[move.iter.op.+]
          • 27.5.3.3.9 move_­iterator​::​operator+=[move.iter.op.+=]
          • 27.5.3.3.10 move_­iterator​::​operator-[move.iter.op.-]
          • 27.5.3.3.11 move_­iterator​::​operator-=[move.iter.op.-=]
          • 27.5.3.3.12 move_­iterator​::​operator[][move.iter.op.index]
          • 27.5.3.3.13 move_­iterator comparisons[move.iter.op.comp]
          • 27.5.3.3.14 move_­iterator non-member functions[move.iter.nonmember]
    • 27.6 Stream iterators[stream.iterators]
      • 27.6.1 Class template istream_­iterator[istream.iterator]
        • 27.6.1.1 istream_­iterator constructors and destructor[istream.iterator.cons]
        • 27.6.1.2 istream_­iterator operations[istream.iterator.ops]
      • 27.6.2 Class template ostream_­iterator[ostream.iterator]
        • 27.6.2.1 ostream_­iterator constructors and destructor[ostream.iterator.cons.des]
        • 27.6.2.2 ostream_­iterator operations[ostream.iterator.ops]
      • 27.6.3 Class template istreambuf_­iterator[istreambuf.iterator]
        • 27.6.3.1 Class template istreambuf_­iterator​::​proxy[istreambuf.iterator.proxy]
        • 27.6.3.2 istreambuf_­iterator constructors[istreambuf.iterator.cons]
        • 27.6.3.3 istreambuf_­iterator operations[istreambuf.iterator.ops]
      • 27.6.4 Class template ostreambuf_­iterator[ostreambuf.iterator]
        • 27.6.4.1 ostreambuf_­iterator constructors[ostreambuf.iter.cons]
        • 27.6.4.2 ostreambuf_­iterator operations[ostreambuf.iter.ops]
    • 27.7 Range access[iterator.range]
    • 27.8 Container access[iterator.container]
  • 28 Algorithms library[algorithms]
    • 28.1 General[algorithms.general]
    • 28.2 Header <algorithm> synopsis[algorithm.syn]
    • 28.3 Algorithms requirements[algorithms.requirements]
    • 28.4 Parallel algorithms[algorithms.parallel]
      • 28.4.1 Terms and definitions[algorithms.parallel.defns]
      • 28.4.2 Requirements on user-provided function objects[algorithms.parallel.user]
      • 28.4.3 Effect of execution policies on algorithm execution[algorithms.parallel.exec]
      • 28.4.4 Parallel algorithm exceptions[algorithms.parallel.exceptions]
      • 28.4.5 ExecutionPolicy algorithm overloads[algorithms.parallel.overloads]
    • 28.5 Non-modifying sequence operations[alg.nonmodifying]
      • 28.5.1 All of[alg.all_of]
      • 28.5.2 Any of[alg.any_of]
      • 28.5.3 None of[alg.none_of]
      • 28.5.4 For each[alg.foreach]
      • 28.5.5 Find[alg.find]
      • 28.5.6 Find end[alg.find.end]
      • 28.5.7 Find first[alg.find.first.of]
      • 28.5.8 Adjacent find[alg.adjacent.find]
      • 28.5.9 Count[alg.count]
      • 28.5.10 Mismatch[mismatch]
      • 28.5.11 Equal[alg.equal]
      • 28.5.12 Is permutation[alg.is_permutation]
      • 28.5.13 Search[alg.search]
    • 28.6 Mutating sequence operations[alg.modifying.operations]
      • 28.6.1 Copy[alg.copy]
      • 28.6.2 Move[alg.move]
      • 28.6.3 Swap[alg.swap]
      • 28.6.4 Transform[alg.transform]
      • 28.6.5 Replace[alg.replace]
      • 28.6.6 Fill[alg.fill]
      • 28.6.7 Generate[alg.generate]
      • 28.6.8 Remove[alg.remove]
      • 28.6.9 Unique[alg.unique]
      • 28.6.10 Reverse[alg.reverse]
      • 28.6.11 Rotate[alg.rotate]
      • 28.6.12 Sample[alg.random.sample]
      • 28.6.13 Shuffle[alg.random.shuffle]
    • 28.7 Sorting and related operations[alg.sorting]
      • 28.7.1 Sorting[alg.sort]
        • 28.7.1.1 sort[sort]
        • 28.7.1.2 stable_­sort[stable.sort]
        • 28.7.1.3 partial_­sort[partial.sort]
        • 28.7.1.4 partial_­sort_­copy[partial.sort.copy]
        • 28.7.1.5 is_­sorted[is.sorted]
      • 28.7.2 Nth element[alg.nth.element]
      • 28.7.3 Binary search[alg.binary.search]
        • 28.7.3.1 lower_­bound[lower.bound]
        • 28.7.3.2 upper_­bound[upper.bound]
        • 28.7.3.3 equal_­range[equal.range]
        • 28.7.3.4 binary_­search[binary.search]
      • 28.7.4 Partitions[alg.partitions]
      • 28.7.5 Merge[alg.merge]
      • 28.7.6 Set operations on sorted structures[alg.set.operations]
        • 28.7.6.1 includes[includes]
        • 28.7.6.2 set_­union[set.union]
        • 28.7.6.3 set_­intersection[set.intersection]
        • 28.7.6.4 set_­difference[set.difference]
        • 28.7.6.5 set_­symmetric_­difference[set.symmetric.difference]
      • 28.7.7 Heap operations[alg.heap.operations]
        • 28.7.7.1 push_­heap[push.heap]
        • 28.7.7.2 pop_­heap[pop.heap]
        • 28.7.7.3 make_­heap[make.heap]
        • 28.7.7.4 sort_­heap[sort.heap]
        • 28.7.7.5 is_­heap[is.heap]
      • 28.7.8 Minimum and maximum[alg.min.max]
      • 28.7.9 Bounded value[alg.clamp]
      • 28.7.10 Lexicographical comparison[alg.lex.comparison]
      • 28.7.11 Permutation generators[alg.permutation.generators]
    • 28.8 C library algorithms[alg.c.library]
  • 29 Numerics library[numerics]
    • 29.1 General[numerics.general]
    • 29.2 Definitions[numerics.defns]
    • 29.3 Numeric type requirements[numeric.requirements]
    • 29.4 The floating-point environment[cfenv]
      • 29.4.1 Header <cfenv> synopsis[cfenv.syn]
    • 29.5 Complex numbers[complex.numbers]
      • 29.5.1 Header <complex> synopsis[complex.syn]
      • 29.5.2 Class template complex[complex]
      • 29.5.3 complex specializations[complex.special]
      • 29.5.4 complex member functions[complex.members]
      • 29.5.5 complex member operators[complex.member.ops]
      • 29.5.6 complex non-member operations[complex.ops]
      • 29.5.7 complex value operations[complex.value.ops]
      • 29.5.8 complex transcendentals[complex.transcendentals]
      • 29.5.9 Additional overloads[cmplx.over]
      • 29.5.10 Suffixes for complex number literals[complex.literals]
    • 29.6 Random number generation[rand]
      • 29.6.1 Requirements[rand.req]
        • 29.6.1.1 General requirements[rand.req.genl]
        • 29.6.1.2 Seed sequence requirements[rand.req.seedseq]
        • 29.6.1.3 Uniform random bit generator requirements[rand.req.urng]
        • 29.6.1.4 Random number engine requirements[rand.req.eng]
        • 29.6.1.5 Random number engine adaptor requirements[rand.req.adapt]
        • 29.6.1.6 Random number distribution requirements[rand.req.dist]
      • 29.6.2 Header <random> synopsis[rand.synopsis]
      • 29.6.3 Random number engine class templates[rand.eng]
        • 29.6.3.1 Class template linear_­congruential_­engine[rand.eng.lcong]
        • 29.6.3.2 Class template mersenne_­twister_­engine[rand.eng.mers]
        • 29.6.3.3 Class template subtract_­with_­carry_­engine[rand.eng.sub]
      • 29.6.4 Random number engine adaptor class templates[rand.adapt]
        • 29.6.4.1 In general[rand.adapt.general]
        • 29.6.4.2 Class template discard_­block_­engine[rand.adapt.disc]
        • 29.6.4.3 Class template independent_­bits_­engine[rand.adapt.ibits]
        • 29.6.4.4 Class template shuffle_­order_­engine[rand.adapt.shuf]
      • 29.6.5 Engines and engine adaptors with predefined parameters[rand.predef]
      • 29.6.6 Class random_­device[rand.device]
      • 29.6.7 Utilities[rand.util]
        • 29.6.7.1 Class seed_­seq[rand.util.seedseq]
        • 29.6.7.2 Function template generate_­canonical[rand.util.canonical]
      • 29.6.8 Random number distribution class templates[rand.dist]
        • 29.6.8.1 In general[rand.dist.general]
        • 29.6.8.2 Uniform distributions[rand.dist.uni]
          • 29.6.8.2.1 Class template uniform_­int_­distribution[rand.dist.uni.int]
          • 29.6.8.2.2 Class template uniform_­real_­distribution[rand.dist.uni.real]
        • 29.6.8.3 Bernoulli distributions[rand.dist.bern]
          • 29.6.8.3.1 Class bernoulli_­distribution[rand.dist.bern.bernoulli]
          • 29.6.8.3.2 Class template binomial_­distribution[rand.dist.bern.bin]
          • 29.6.8.3.3 Class template geometric_­distribution[rand.dist.bern.geo]
          • 29.6.8.3.4 Class template negative_­binomial_­distribution[rand.dist.bern.negbin]
        • 29.6.8.4 Poisson distributions[rand.dist.pois]
          • 29.6.8.4.1 Class template poisson_­distribution[rand.dist.pois.poisson]
          • 29.6.8.4.2 Class template exponential_­distribution[rand.dist.pois.exp]
          • 29.6.8.4.3 Class template gamma_­distribution[rand.dist.pois.gamma]
          • 29.6.8.4.4 Class template weibull_­distribution[rand.dist.pois.weibull]
          • 29.6.8.4.5 Class template extreme_­value_­distribution[rand.dist.pois.extreme]
        • 29.6.8.5 Normal distributions[rand.dist.norm]
          • 29.6.8.5.1 Class template normal_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.normal]
          • 29.6.8.5.2 Class template lognormal_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.lognormal]
          • 29.6.8.5.3 Class template chi_­squared_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.chisq]
          • 29.6.8.5.4 Class template cauchy_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.cauchy]
          • 29.6.8.5.5 Class template fisher_­f_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.f]
          • 29.6.8.5.6 Class template student_­t_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.t]
        • 29.6.8.6 Sampling distributions[rand.dist.samp]
          • 29.6.8.6.1 Class template discrete_­distribution[rand.dist.samp.discrete]
          • 29.6.8.6.2 Class template piecewise_­constant_­distribution[rand.dist.samp.pconst]
          • 29.6.8.6.3 Class template piecewise_­linear_­distribution[rand.dist.samp.plinear]
      • 29.6.9 Low-quality random number generation[c.math.rand]
    • 29.7 Numeric arrays[numarray]
      • 29.7.1 Header <valarray> synopsis[valarray.syn]
      • 29.7.2 Class template valarray[template.valarray]
        • 29.7.2.1 Class template valarray overview[template.valarray.overview]
        • 29.7.2.2 valarray constructors[valarray.cons]
        • 29.7.2.3 valarray assignment[valarray.assign]
        • 29.7.2.4 valarray element access[valarray.access]
        • 29.7.2.5 valarray subset operations[valarray.sub]
        • 29.7.2.6 valarray unary operators[valarray.unary]
        • 29.7.2.7 valarray compound assignment[valarray.cassign]
        • 29.7.2.8 valarray member functions[valarray.members]
      • 29.7.3 valarray non-member operations[valarray.nonmembers]
        • 29.7.3.1 valarray binary operators[valarray.binary]
        • 29.7.3.2 valarray logical operators[valarray.comparison]
        • 29.7.3.3 valarray transcendentals[valarray.transcend]
        • 29.7.3.4 valarray specialized algorithms[valarray.special]
      • 29.7.4 Class slice[class.slice]
        • 29.7.4.1 Class slice overview[class.slice.overview]
        • 29.7.4.2 slice constructors[cons.slice]
        • 29.7.4.3 slice access functions[slice.access]
      • 29.7.5 Class template slice_­array[template.slice.array]
        • 29.7.5.1 Class template slice_­array overview[template.slice.array.overview]
        • 29.7.5.2 slice_­array assignment[slice.arr.assign]
        • 29.7.5.3 slice_­array compound assignment[slice.arr.comp.assign]
        • 29.7.5.4 slice_­array fill function[slice.arr.fill]
      • 29.7.6 The gslice class[class.gslice]
        • 29.7.6.1 The gslice class overview[class.gslice.overview]
        • 29.7.6.2 gslice constructors[gslice.cons]
        • 29.7.6.3 gslice access functions[gslice.access]
      • 29.7.7 Class template gslice_­array[template.gslice.array]
        • 29.7.7.1 Class template gslice_­array overview[template.gslice.array.overview]
        • 29.7.7.2 gslice_­array assignment[gslice.array.assign]
        • 29.7.7.3 gslice_­array compound assignment[gslice.array.comp.assign]
        • 29.7.7.4 gslice_­array fill function[gslice.array.fill]
      • 29.7.8 Class template mask_­array[template.mask.array]
        • 29.7.8.1 Class template mask_­array overview[template.mask.array.overview]
        • 29.7.8.2 mask_­array assignment[mask.array.assign]
        • 29.7.8.3 mask_­array compound assignment[mask.array.comp.assign]
        • 29.7.8.4 mask_­array fill function[mask.array.fill]
      • 29.7.9 Class template indirect_­array[template.indirect.array]
        • 29.7.9.1 Class template indirect_­array overview[template.indirect.array.overview]
        • 29.7.9.2 indirect_­array assignment[indirect.array.assign]
        • 29.7.9.3 indirect_­array compound assignment[indirect.array.comp.assign]
        • 29.7.9.4 indirect_­array fill function[indirect.array.fill]
      • 29.7.10 valarray range access[valarray.range]
    • 29.8 Generalized numeric operations[numeric.ops]
      • 29.8.1 Header <numeric> synopsis[numeric.ops.overview]
      • 29.8.2 Accumulate[accumulate]
      • 29.8.3 Reduce[reduce]
      • 29.8.4 Inner product[inner.product]
      • 29.8.5 Transform reduce[transform.reduce]
      • 29.8.6 Partial sum[partial.sum]
      • 29.8.7 Exclusive scan[exclusive.scan]
      • 29.8.8 Inclusive scan[inclusive.scan]
      • 29.8.9 Transform exclusive scan[transform.exclusive.scan]
      • 29.8.10 Transform inclusive scan[transform.inclusive.scan]
      • 29.8.11 Adjacent difference[adjacent.difference]
      • 29.8.12 Iota[numeric.iota]
      • 29.8.13 Greatest common divisor[numeric.ops.gcd]
      • 29.8.14 Least common multiple[numeric.ops.lcm]
    • 29.9 Mathematical functions for floating-point types[c.math]
      • 29.9.1 Header <cmath> synopsis[cmath.syn]
      • 29.9.2 Absolute values[c.math.abs]
      • 29.9.3 Three-dimensional hypotenuse[c.math.hypot3]
      • 29.9.4 Classification / comparison functions[c.math.fpclass]
      • 29.9.5 Mathematical special functions[sf.cmath]
        • 29.9.5.1 Associated Laguerre polynomials[sf.cmath.assoc_laguerre]
        • 29.9.5.2 Associated Legendre functions[sf.cmath.assoc_legendre]
        • 29.9.5.3 Beta function[sf.cmath.beta]
        • 29.9.5.4 Complete elliptic integral of the first kind[sf.cmath.comp_ellint_1]
        • 29.9.5.5 Complete elliptic integral of the second kind[sf.cmath.comp_ellint_2]
        • 29.9.5.6 Complete elliptic integral of the third kind[sf.cmath.comp_ellint_3]
        • 29.9.5.7 Regular modified cylindrical Bessel functions[sf.cmath.cyl_bessel_i]
        • 29.9.5.8 Cylindrical Bessel functions of the first kind[sf.cmath.cyl_bessel_j]
        • 29.9.5.9 Irregular modified cylindrical Bessel functions[sf.cmath.cyl_bessel_k]
        • 29.9.5.10 Cylindrical Neumann functions[sf.cmath.cyl_neumann]
        • 29.9.5.11 Incomplete elliptic integral of the first kind[sf.cmath.ellint_1]
        • 29.9.5.12 Incomplete elliptic integral of the second kind[sf.cmath.ellint_2]
        • 29.9.5.13 Incomplete elliptic integral of the third kind[sf.cmath.ellint_3]
        • 29.9.5.14 Exponential integral[sf.cmath.expint]
        • 29.9.5.15 Hermite polynomials[sf.cmath.hermite]
        • 29.9.5.16 Laguerre polynomials[sf.cmath.laguerre]
        • 29.9.5.17 Legendre polynomials[sf.cmath.legendre]
        • 29.9.5.18 Riemann zeta function[sf.cmath.riemann_zeta]
        • 29.9.5.19 Spherical Bessel functions of the first kind[sf.cmath.sph_bessel]
        • 29.9.5.20 Spherical associated Legendre functions[sf.cmath.sph_legendre]
        • 29.9.5.21 Spherical Neumann functions[sf.cmath.sph_neumann]
  • 30 Input/output library[input.output]
    • 30.1 General[input.output.general]
    • 30.2 Iostreams requirements[iostreams.requirements]
      • 30.2.1 Imbue limitations[iostream.limits.imbue]
      • 30.2.2 Positioning type limitations[iostreams.limits.pos]
      • 30.2.3 Thread safety[iostreams.threadsafety]
    • 30.3 Forward declarations[iostream.forward]
      • 30.3.1 Header <iosfwd> synopsis[iosfwd.syn]
      • 30.3.2 Overview[iostream.forward.overview]
    • 30.4 Standard iostream objects[iostream.objects]
      • 30.4.1 Header <iostream> synopsis[iostream.syn]
      • 30.4.2 Overview[iostream.objects.overview]
      • 30.4.3 Narrow stream objects[narrow.stream.objects]
      • 30.4.4 Wide stream objects[wide.stream.objects]
    • 30.5 Iostreams base classes[iostreams.base]
      • 30.5.1 Header <ios> synopsis[ios.syn]
      • 30.5.2 Types[stream.types]
      • 30.5.3 Class ios_­base[ios.base]
        • 30.5.3.1 Types[ios.types]
          • 30.5.3.1.1 [[CppStd:./ios::failure|Class ios_­base​::​failure [ios::failure]]][./ios::failure]
          • 30.5.3.1.2 [[CppStd:./ios::fmtflags|Type ios_­base​::​fmtflags [ios::fmtflags]]][./ios::fmtflags]
          • 30.5.3.1.3 [[CppStd:./ios::iostate|Type ios_­base​::​iostate [ios::iostate]]][./ios::iostate]
          • 30.5.3.1.4 [[CppStd:./ios::openmode|Type ios_­base​::​openmode [ios::openmode]]][./ios::openmode]
          • 30.5.3.1.5 [[CppStd:./ios::seekdir|Type ios_­base​::​seekdir [ios::seekdir]]][./ios::seekdir]
          • 30.5.3.1.6 [[CppStd:./ios::Init|Class ios_­base​::​Init [ios::Init]]][./ios::Init]
        • 30.5.3.2 ios_­base state functions[fmtflags.state]
        • 30.5.3.3 ios_­base functions[ios.base.locales]
        • 30.5.3.4 ios_­base static members[ios.members.static]
        • 30.5.3.5 ios_­base storage functions[ios.base.storage]
        • 30.5.3.6 ios_­base callbacks[ios.base.callback]
        • 30.5.3.7 ios_­base constructors/destructor[ios.base.cons]
      • 30.5.4 Class template fpos[fpos]
        • 30.5.4.1 fpos members[fpos.members]
        • 30.5.4.2 fpos requirements[fpos.operations]
      • 30.5.5 Class template basic_­ios[ios]
        • 30.5.5.1 Overview[ios.overview]
        • 30.5.5.2 basic_­ios constructors[basic.ios.cons]
        • 30.5.5.3 Member functions[basic.ios.members]
        • 30.5.5.4 basic_­ios flags functions[iostate.flags]
      • 30.5.6 ios_­base manipulators[std.ios.manip]
        • 30.5.6.1 fmtflags manipulators[fmtflags.manip]
        • 30.5.6.2 adjustfield manipulators[adjustfield.manip]
        • 30.5.6.3 basefield manipulators[basefield.manip]
        • 30.5.6.4 floatfield manipulators[floatfield.manip]
        • 30.5.6.5 Error reporting[error.reporting]
    • 30.6 Stream buffers[stream.buffers]
      • 30.6.1 Header <streambuf> synopsis[streambuf.syn]
      • 30.6.2 Stream buffer requirements[streambuf.reqts]
      • 30.6.3 Class template basic_­streambuf[streambuf]
        • 30.6.3.1 basic_­streambuf constructors[streambuf.cons]
        • 30.6.3.2 basic_­streambuf public member functions[streambuf.members]
          • 30.6.3.2.1 Locales[streambuf.locales]
          • 30.6.3.2.2 Buffer management and positioning[streambuf.buffer]
          • 30.6.3.2.3 Get area[streambuf.pub.get]
          • 30.6.3.2.4 Putback[streambuf.pub.pback]
          • 30.6.3.2.5 Put area[streambuf.pub.put]
        • 30.6.3.3 basic_­streambuf protected member functions[streambuf.protected]
          • 30.6.3.3.1 Assignment[streambuf.assign]
          • 30.6.3.3.2 Get area access[streambuf.get.area]
          • 30.6.3.3.3 Put area access[streambuf.put.area]
        • 30.6.3.4 basic_­streambuf virtual functions[streambuf.virtuals]
          • 30.6.3.4.1 Locales[streambuf.virt.locales]
          • 30.6.3.4.2 Buffer management and positioning[streambuf.virt.buffer]
          • 30.6.3.4.3 Get area[streambuf.virt.get]
          • 30.6.3.4.4 Putback[streambuf.virt.pback]
          • 30.6.3.4.5 Put area[streambuf.virt.put]
    • 30.7 Formatting and manipulators[iostream.format]
      • 30.7.1 Header <istream> synopsis[istream.syn]
      • 30.7.2 Header <ostream> synopsis[ostream.syn]
      • 30.7.3 Header <iomanip> synopsis[iomanip.syn]
      • 30.7.4 Input streams[input.streams]
        • 30.7.4.1 Class template basic_­istream[istream]
          • 30.7.4.1.1 basic_­istream constructors[istream.cons]
          • 30.7.4.1.2 Class basic_­istream assign and swap[istream.assign]
          • 30.7.4.1.3 [[CppStd:./istream::sentry|Class basic_­istream​::​sentry [istream::sentry]]][./istream::sentry]
        • 30.7.4.2 Formatted input functions[istream.formatted]
          • 30.7.4.2.1 Common requirements[istream.formatted.reqmts]
          • 30.7.4.2.2 Arithmetic extractors[istream.formatted.arithmetic]
          • 30.7.4.2.3 basic_­istream​::​operator>>[istream.extractors]
        • 30.7.4.3 Unformatted input functions[istream.unformatted]
        • 30.7.4.4 Standard basic_­istream manipulators[istream.manip]
        • 30.7.4.5 Rvalue stream extraction[istream.rvalue]
        • 30.7.4.6 Class template basic_­iostream[iostreamclass]
          • 30.7.4.6.1 basic_­iostream constructors[iostream.cons]
          • 30.7.4.6.2 basic_­iostream destructor[iostream.dest]
          • 30.7.4.6.3 basic_­iostream assign and swap[iostream.assign]
      • 30.7.5 Output streams[output.streams]
        • 30.7.5.1 Class template basic_­ostream[ostream]
          • 30.7.5.1.1 basic_­ostream constructors[ostream.cons]
          • 30.7.5.1.2 Class basic_­ostream assign and swap[ostream.assign]
          • 30.7.5.1.3 [[CppStd:./ostream::sentry|Class basic_­ostream​::​sentry [ostream::sentry]]][./ostream::sentry]
          • 30.7.5.1.4 basic_­ostream seek members[ostream.seeks]
        • 30.7.5.2 Formatted output functions[ostream.formatted]
          • 30.7.5.2.1 Common requirements[ostream.formatted.reqmts]
          • 30.7.5.2.2 Arithmetic inserters[ostream.inserters.arithmetic]
          • 30.7.5.2.3 basic_­ostream​::​operator<<[ostream.inserters]
          • 30.7.5.2.4 Character inserter function templates[ostream.inserters.character]
        • 30.7.5.3 Unformatted output functions[ostream.unformatted]
        • 30.7.5.4 Standard basic_­ostream manipulators[ostream.manip]
        • 30.7.5.5 Rvalue stream insertion[ostream.rvalue]
      • 30.7.6 Standard manipulators[std.manip]
      • 30.7.7 Extended manipulators[ext.manip]
      • 30.7.8 Quoted manipulators[quoted.manip]
    • 30.8 String-based streams[string.streams]
      • 30.8.1 Header <sstream> synopsis[sstream.syn]
      • 30.8.2 Class template basic_­stringbuf[stringbuf]
        • 30.8.2.1 basic_­stringbuf constructors[stringbuf.cons]
        • 30.8.2.2 Assign and swap[stringbuf.assign]
        • 30.8.2.3 Member functions[stringbuf.members]
        • 30.8.2.4 Overridden virtual functions[stringbuf.virtuals]
      • 30.8.3 Class template basic_­istringstream[istringstream]
        • 30.8.3.1 basic_­istringstream constructors[istringstream.cons]
        • 30.8.3.2 Assign and swap[istringstream.assign]
        • 30.8.3.3 Member functions[istringstream.members]
      • 30.8.4 Class template basic_­ostringstream[ostringstream]
        • 30.8.4.1 basic_­ostringstream constructors[ostringstream.cons]
        • 30.8.4.2 Assign and swap[ostringstream.assign]
        • 30.8.4.3 Member functions[ostringstream.members]
      • 30.8.5 Class template basic_­stringstream[stringstream]
        • 30.8.5.1 basic_­stringstream constructors[stringstream.cons]
        • 30.8.5.2 Assign and swap[stringstream.assign]
        • 30.8.5.3 Member functions[stringstream.members]
    • 30.9 File-based streams[file.streams]
      • 30.9.1 Header <fstream> synopsis[fstream.syn]
      • 30.9.2 Class template basic_­filebuf[filebuf]
        • 30.9.2.1 basic_­filebuf constructors[filebuf.cons]
        • 30.9.2.2 Assign and swap[filebuf.assign]
        • 30.9.2.3 Member functions[filebuf.members]
        • 30.9.2.4 Overridden virtual functions[filebuf.virtuals]
      • 30.9.3 Class template basic_­ifstream[ifstream]
        • 30.9.3.1 basic_­ifstream constructors[ifstream.cons]
        • 30.9.3.2 Assign and swap[ifstream.assign]
        • 30.9.3.3 Member functions[ifstream.members]
      • 30.9.4 Class template basic_­ofstream[ofstream]
        • 30.9.4.1 basic_­ofstream constructors[ofstream.cons]
        • 30.9.4.2 Assign and swap[ofstream.assign]
        • 30.9.4.3 Member functions[ofstream.members]
      • 30.9.5 Class template basic_­fstream[fstream]
        • 30.9.5.1 basic_­fstream constructors[fstream.cons]
        • 30.9.5.2 Assign and swap[fstream.assign]
        • 30.9.5.3 Member functions[fstream.members]
    • 30.10 File systems[filesystems]
      • 30.10.1 General[fs.general]
      • 30.10.2 Conformance[fs.conformance]
        • 30.10.2.1 POSIX conformance[fs.conform.9945]
        • 30.10.2.2 Operating system dependent behavior conformance[fs.conform.os]
        • 30.10.2.3 File system race behavior[fs.race.behavior]
      • 30.10.3 Normative references[fs.norm.ref]
      • 30.10.4 Terms and definitions[fs.definitions]
      • 30.10.24 Requirements[fs.req]
        • 30.10.24.1 Namespaces and headers[fs.req.namespace]
      • 30.10.25 Header <filesystem> synopsis[fs.filesystem.syn]
      • 30.10.26 Error reporting[fs.err.report]
      • 30.10.27 Class path[fs.class.path]
        • 30.10.27.1 Generic pathname format[fs.path.generic]
        • 30.10.27.2 path conversions[fs.path.cvt]
          • 30.10.27.2.1 path argument format conversions[fs.path.fmt.cvt]
          • 30.10.27.2.2 path type and encoding conversions[fs.path.type.cvt]
        • 30.10.27.3 path requirements[fs.path.req]
        • 30.10.27.4 path members[fs.path.member]
          • 30.10.27.4.1 path constructors[fs.path.construct]
          • 30.10.27.4.2 path assignments[fs.path.assign]
          • 30.10.27.4.3 path appends[fs.path.append]
          • 30.10.27.4.4 path concatenation[fs.path.concat]
          • 30.10.27.4.5 path modifiers[fs.path.modifiers]
          • 30.10.27.4.6 path native format observers[fs.path.native.obs]
          • 30.10.27.4.7 path generic format observers[fs.path.generic.obs]
          • 30.10.27.4.8 path compare[fs.path.compare]
          • 30.10.27.4.9 path decomposition[fs.path.decompose]
          • 30.10.27.4.10 path query[fs.path.query]
          • 30.10.27.4.11 path generation[fs.path.gen]
        • 30.10.27.5 path iterators[fs.path.itr]
        • 30.10.27.6 path non-member functions[fs.path.nonmember]
          • 30.10.27.6.1 path inserter and extractor[fs.path.io]
          • 30.10.27.6.2 path factory functions[fs.path.factory]
      • 30.10.28 Class filesystem_­error[fs.class.filesystem_error]
        • 30.10.28.1 filesystem_­error members[filesystem_error.members]
      • 30.10.29 Enumerations[fs.enum]
        • 30.10.29.1 Enum path​::​format[fs.enum.path.format]
        • 30.10.29.2 Enum class file_­type[fs.enum.file_type]
        • 30.10.29.3 Enum class copy_­options[fs.enum.copy.opts]
        • 30.10.29.4 Enum class perms[fs.enum.perms]
        • 30.10.29.5 Enum class perm_­options[fs.enum.perm.opts]
        • 30.10.29.6 Enum class directory_­options[fs.enum.dir.opts]
      • 30.10.30 Class file_­status[fs.class.file_status]
        • 30.10.30.1 file_­status constructors[fs.file_status.cons]
        • 30.10.30.2 file_­status observers[fs.file_status.obs]
        • 30.10.30.3 file_­status modifiers[fs.file_status.mods]
      • 30.10.31 Class directory_­entry[fs.class.directory_entry]
        • 30.10.31.1 directory_­entry constructors[fs.dir.entry.cons]
        • 30.10.31.2 directory_­entry modifiers[fs.dir.entry.mods]
        • 30.10.31.3 directory_­entry observers[fs.dir.entry.obs]
      • 30.10.32 Class directory_­iterator[fs.class.directory_iterator]
        • 30.10.32.1 directory_­iterator members[fs.dir.itr.members]
        • 30.10.32.2 directory_­iterator non-member functions[fs.dir.itr.nonmembers]
      • 30.10.33 Class recursive_­directory_­iterator[fs.class.rec.dir.itr]
        • 30.10.33.1 recursive_­directory_­iterator members[fs.rec.dir.itr.members]
        • 30.10.33.2 recursive_­directory_­iterator non-member functions[fs.rec.dir.itr.nonmembers]
      • 30.10.34 Filesystem operation functions[fs.op.funcs]
        • 30.10.34.1 Absolute[fs.op.absolute]
        • 30.10.34.2 Canonical[fs.op.canonical]
        • 30.10.34.3 Copy[fs.op.copy]
        • 30.10.34.4 Copy file[fs.op.copy_file]
        • 30.10.34.5 Copy symlink[fs.op.copy_symlink]
        • 30.10.34.6 Create directories[fs.op.create_directories]
        • 30.10.34.7 Create directory[fs.op.create_directory]
        • 30.10.34.8 Create directory symlink[fs.op.create_dir_symlk]
        • 30.10.34.9 Create hard link[fs.op.create_hard_lk]
        • 30.10.34.10 Create symlink[fs.op.create_symlink]
        • 30.10.34.11 Current path[fs.op.current_path]
        • 30.10.34.12 Equivalent[fs.op.equivalent]
        • 30.10.34.13 Exists[fs.op.exists]
        • 30.10.34.14 File size[fs.op.file_size]
        • 30.10.34.15 Hard link count[fs.op.hard_lk_ct]
        • 30.10.34.16 Is block file[fs.op.is_block_file]
        • 30.10.34.17 Is character file[fs.op.is_char_file]
        • 30.10.34.18 Is directory[fs.op.is_directory]
        • 30.10.34.19 Is empty[fs.op.is_empty]
        • 30.10.34.20 Is fifo[fs.op.is_fifo]
        • 30.10.34.21 Is other[fs.op.is_other]
        • 30.10.34.22 Is regular file[fs.op.is_regular_file]
        • 30.10.34.23 Is socket[fs.op.is_socket]
        • 30.10.34.24 Is symlink[fs.op.is_symlink]
        • 30.10.34.25 Last write time[fs.op.last_write_time]
        • 30.10.34.26 Permissions[fs.op.permissions]
        • 30.10.34.27 Proximate[fs.op.proximate]
        • 30.10.34.28 Read symlink[fs.op.read_symlink]
        • 30.10.34.29 Relative[fs.op.relative]
        • 30.10.34.30 Remove[fs.op.remove]
        • 30.10.34.31 Remove all[fs.op.remove_all]
        • 30.10.34.32 Rename[fs.op.rename]
        • 30.10.34.33 Resize file[fs.op.resize_file]
        • 30.10.34.34 Space[fs.op.space]
        • 30.10.34.35 Status[fs.op.status]
        • 30.10.34.36 Status known[fs.op.status_known]
        • 30.10.34.37 Symlink status[fs.op.symlink_status]
        • 30.10.34.38 Temporary directory path[fs.op.temp_dir_path]
        • 30.10.34.39 Weakly canonical[fs.op.weakly_canonical]
    • 30.11 C library files[c.files]
      • 30.11.1 Header <cstdio> synopsis[cstdio.syn]
      • 30.11.2 Header <cinttypes> synopsis[cinttypes.syn]
  • 31 Regular expressions library[re]
    • 31.1 General[re.general]
    • 31.2 Definitions[re.def]
    • 31.3 Requirements[re.req]
    • 31.4 Header <regex> synopsis[re.syn]
    • 31.5 Namespace std​::​regex_­constants[re.const]
      • 31.5.1 Bitmask type syntax_­option_­type[re.synopt]
      • 31.5.2 Bitmask type match_­flag_­type[re.matchflag]
      • 31.5.3 Implementation-defined error_­type[re.err]
    • 31.6 Class regex_­error[re.badexp]
    • 31.7 Class template regex_­traits[re.traits]
    • 31.8 Class template basic_­regex[re.regex]
      • 31.8.1 basic_­regex constants[re.regex.const]
      • 31.8.2 basic_­regex constructors[re.regex.construct]
      • 31.8.3 basic_­regex assign[re.regex.assign]
      • 31.8.4 basic_­regex constant operations[re.regex.operations]
      • 31.8.5 basic_­regex locale[re.regex.locale]
      • 31.8.6 basic_­regex swap[re.regex.swap]
      • 31.8.7 basic_­regex non-member functions[re.regex.nonmemb]
        • 31.8.7.1 basic_­regex non-member swap[re.regex.nmswap]
    • 31.9 Class template sub_­match[re.submatch]
      • 31.9.1 sub_­match members[re.submatch.members]
      • 31.9.2 sub_­match non-member operators[re.submatch.op]
    • 31.10 Class template match_­results[re.results]
      • 31.10.1 match_­results constructors[re.results.const]
      • 31.10.2 match_­results state[re.results.state]
      • 31.10.3 match_­results size[re.results.size]
      • 31.10.4 match_­results element access[re.results.acc]
      • 31.10.5 match_­results formatting[re.results.form]
      • 31.10.6 match_­results allocator[re.results.all]
      • 31.10.7 match_­results swap[re.results.swap]
      • 31.10.8 match_­results non-member functions[re.results.nonmember]
    • 31.11 Regular expression algorithms[re.alg]
      • 31.11.1 Exceptions[re.except]
      • 31.11.2 regex_­match[re.alg.match]
      • 31.11.3 regex_­search[re.alg.search]
      • 31.11.4 regex_­replace[re.alg.replace]
    • 31.12 Regular expression iterators[re.iter]
      • 31.12.1 Class template regex_­iterator[re.regiter]
        • 31.12.1.1 regex_­iterator constructors[re.regiter.cnstr]
        • 31.12.1.2 regex_­iterator comparisons[re.regiter.comp]
        • 31.12.1.3 regex_­iterator indirection[re.regiter.deref]
        • 31.12.1.4 regex_­iterator increment[re.regiter.incr]
      • 31.12.2 Class template regex_­token_­iterator[re.tokiter]
        • 31.12.2.1 regex_­token_­iterator constructors[re.tokiter.cnstr]
        • 31.12.2.2 regex_­token_­iterator comparisons[re.tokiter.comp]
        • 31.12.2.3 regex_­token_­iterator indirection[re.tokiter.deref]
        • 31.12.2.4 regex_­token_­iterator increment[re.tokiter.incr]
    • 31.13 Modified ECMAScript regular expression grammar[re.grammar]
  • 32 Atomic operations library[atomics]
    • 32.1 General[atomics.general]
    • 32.2 Header <atomic> synopsis[atomics.syn]
    • 32.3 Type aliases[atomics.alias]
    • 32.4 Order and consistency[atomics.order]
    • 32.5 Lock-free property[atomics.lockfree]
    • 32.6 Class template atomic[atomics.types.generic]
      • 32.6.1 Operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations]
      • 32.6.2 Specializations for integers[atomics.types.int]
      • 32.6.3 Partial specialization for pointers[atomics.types.pointer]
      • 32.6.4 Member operators common to integers and pointers to objects[atomics.types.memop]
    • 32.7 Non-member functions[atomics.nonmembers]
    • 32.8 Flag type and operations[atomics.flag]
    • 32.9 Fences[atomics.fences]
  • 33 Thread support library[thread]
    • 33.1 General[thread.general]
    • 33.2 Requirements[thread.req]
      • 33.2.1 Template parameter names[thread.req.paramname]
      • 33.2.2 Exceptions[thread.req.exception]
      • 33.2.3 Native handles[thread.req.native]
      • 33.2.4 Timing specifications[thread.req.timing]
      • 33.2.5 Requirements for Lockable types[thread.req.lockable]
        • 33.2.5.1 In general[thread.req.lockable.general]
        • 33.2.5.2 BasicLockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.basic]
        • 33.2.5.3 Lockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.req]
        • 33.2.5.4 TimedLockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.timed]
      • 33.2.6 decay_­copy[thread.decaycopy]
    • 33.3 Threads[thread.threads]
      • 33.3.1 Header <thread> synopsis[thread.syn]
      • 33.3.2 Class thread[thread.thread.class]
        • 33.3.2.1 Class thread​::​id[thread.thread.id]
        • 33.3.2.2 thread constructors[thread.thread.constr]
        • 33.3.2.3 thread destructor[thread.thread.destr]
        • 33.3.2.4 thread assignment[thread.thread.assign]
        • 33.3.2.5 thread members[thread.thread.member]
        • 33.3.2.6 thread static members[thread.thread.static]
        • 33.3.2.7 thread specialized algorithms[thread.thread.algorithm]
      • 33.3.3 Namespace this_­thread[thread.thread.this]
    • 33.4 Mutual exclusion[thread.mutex]
      • 33.4.1 Header <mutex> synopsis[mutex.syn]
      • 33.4.2 Header <shared_­mutex> synopsis[shared_mutex.syn]
      • 33.4.3 Mutex requirements[thread.mutex.requirements]
        • 33.4.3.1 In general[thread.mutex.requirements.general]
        • 33.4.3.2 Mutex types[thread.mutex.requirements.mutex]
          • 33.4.3.2.1 Class mutex[thread.mutex.class]
          • 33.4.3.2.2 Class recursive_­mutex[thread.mutex.recursive]
        • 33.4.3.3 Timed mutex types[thread.timedmutex.requirements]
          • 33.4.3.3.1 Class timed_­mutex[thread.timedmutex.class]
          • 33.4.3.3.2 Class recursive_­timed_­mutex[thread.timedmutex.recursive]
        • 33.4.3.4 Shared mutex types[thread.sharedmutex.requirements]
          • 33.4.3.4.1 Class shared_mutex[thread.sharedmutex.class]
        • 33.4.3.5 Shared timed mutex types[thread.sharedtimedmutex.requirements]
          • 33.4.3.5.1 Class shared_­timed_­mutex[thread.sharedtimedmutex.class]
      • 33.4.4 Locks[thread.lock]
        • 33.4.4.1 Class template lock_­guard[thread.lock.guard]
        • 33.4.4.2 Class template scoped_­lock[thread.lock.scoped]
        • 33.4.4.3 Class template unique_­lock[thread.lock.unique]
          • 33.4.4.3.1 unique_­lock constructors, destructor, and assignment[thread.lock.unique.cons]
          • 33.4.4.3.2 unique_­lock locking[thread.lock.unique.locking]
          • 33.4.4.3.3 unique_­lock modifiers[thread.lock.unique.mod]
          • 33.4.4.3.4 unique_­lock observers[thread.lock.unique.obs]
        • 33.4.4.4 Class template shared_­lock[thread.lock.shared]
          • 33.4.4.4.1 shared_­lock constructors, destructor, and assignment[thread.lock.shared.cons]
          • 33.4.4.4.2 shared_­lock locking[thread.lock.shared.locking]
          • 33.4.4.4.3 shared_­lock modifiers[thread.lock.shared.mod]
          • 33.4.4.4.4 shared_­lock observers[thread.lock.shared.obs]
      • 33.4.5 Generic locking algorithms[thread.lock.algorithm]
      • 33.4.6 Call once[thread.once]
        • 33.4.6.1 Struct once_­flag[thread.once.onceflag]
        • 33.4.6.2 Function call_­once[thread.once.callonce]
    • 33.5 Condition variables[thread.condition]
      • 33.5.1 Header <condition_­variable> synopsis[condition_variable.syn]
      • 33.5.2 Non-member functions[thread.condition.nonmember]
      • 33.5.3 Class condition_­variable[thread.condition.condvar]
      • 33.5.4 Class condition_­variable_­any[thread.condition.condvarany]
    • 33.6 Futures[futures]
      • 33.6.1 Overview[futures.overview]
      • 33.6.2 Header <future> synopsis[future.syn]
      • 33.6.3 Error handling[futures.errors]
      • 33.6.4 Class future_­error[futures.future_error]
      • 33.6.5 Shared state[futures.state]
      • 33.6.6 Class template promise[futures.promise]
      • 33.6.7 Class template future[futures.unique_future]
      • 33.6.8 Class template shared_­future[futures.shared_future]
      • 33.6.9 Function template async[futures.async]
      • 33.6.10 Class template packaged_­task[futures.task]
        • 33.6.10.1 packaged_­task member functions[futures.task.members]
        • 33.6.10.2 packaged_­task globals[futures.task.nonmembers]
  • Annex A (informative) Grammar summary[gram]
    • A.1 Keywords[gram.key]
    • A.2 Lexical conventions[gram.lex]
    • A.3 Basic concepts[gram.basic]
    • A.4 Expressions[gram.expr]
    • A.5 Statements[gram.stmt]
    • A.6 Declarations[gram.dcl]
    • A.7 Declarators[gram.decl]
    • A.8 Classes[gram.class]
    • A.9 Derived classes[gram.derived]
    • A.10 Special member functions[gram.special]
    • A.11 Overloading[gram.over]
    • A.12 Templates[gram.temp]
    • A.13 Exception handling[gram.except]
    • A.14 Preprocessing directives[gram.cpp]
  • Annex B (informative) Implementation quantities[implimits]
  • Annex C (informative) Compatibility[diff]
    • C.1 C++ and ISO C[diff.iso]
      • C.1.1 Clause [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.lex]
      • C.1.2 Clause [basic]: basic concepts[diff.basic]
      • C.1.3 Clause [conv]: standard conversions[diff.conv]
      • C.1.4 Clause [expr]: expressions[diff.expr]
      • C.1.5 Clause [stmt.stmt]: statements[diff.stat]
      • C.1.6 Clause [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.dcl]
      • C.1.7 Clause [dcl.decl]: declarators[diff.decl]
      • C.1.8 Clause [class]: classes[diff.class]
      • C.1.9 Clause [special]: special member functions[diff.special]
      • C.1.10 Clause [cpp]: preprocessing directives[diff.cpp]
    • C.2 C++ and ISO C++ 2003[diff.cpp03]
      • C.2.1 Clause [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.cpp03.lex]
      • C.2.2 Clause [conv]: standard conversions[diff.cpp03.conv]
      • C.2.3 Clause [expr]: expressions[diff.cpp03.expr]
      • C.2.4 Clause [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.cpp03.dcl.dcl]
      • C.2.5 Clause [dcl.decl]: declarators[diff.cpp03.dcl.decl]
      • C.2.6 Clause [special]: special member functions[diff.cpp03.special]
      • C.2.7 Clause [temp]: templates[diff.cpp03.temp]
      • C.2.8 Clause [library]: library introduction[diff.cpp03.library]
      • C.2.9 Clause [language.support]: language support library[diff.cpp03.language.support]
      • C.2.10 Clause [diagnostics]: diagnostics library[diff.cpp03.diagnostics]
      • C.2.11 Clause [utilities]: general utilities library[diff.cpp03.utilities]
      • C.2.12 Clause [strings]: strings library[diff.cpp03.strings]
      • C.2.13 Clause [containers]: containers library[diff.cpp03.containers]
      • C.2.14 Clause [algorithms]: algorithms library[diff.cpp03.algorithms]
      • C.2.15 Clause [numerics]: numerics library[diff.cpp03.numerics]
      • C.2.16 Clause [input.output]: input/output library[diff.cpp03.input.output]
    • C.3 C++ and ISO C++ 2011[diff.cpp11]
      • C.3.1 Clause [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.cpp11.lex]
      • C.3.2 Clause [basic]: basic concepts[diff.cpp11.basic]
      • C.3.3 Clause [expr]: expressions[diff.cpp11.expr]
      • C.3.4 Clause [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.cpp11.dcl.dcl]
      • C.3.5 Clause [dcl.decl]: declarators[diff.cpp11.dcl.decl]
      • C.3.6 Clause [library]: library introduction[diff.cpp11.library]
      • C.3.7 Clause [input.output]: input/output library[diff.cpp11.input.output]
    • C.4 C++ and ISO C++ 2014[diff.cpp14]
      • C.4.1 Clause [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.cpp14.lex]
      • C.4.2 Clause [expr]: expressions[diff.cpp14.expr]
      • C.4.3 Clause [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.cpp14.dcl.dcl]
      • C.4.4 Clause [dcl.decl]: declarators[diff.cpp14.decl]
      • C.4.5 Clause [special]: special member functions[diff.cpp14.special]
      • C.4.6 Clause [temp]: templates[diff.cpp14.temp]
      • C.4.7 Clause [except]: exception handling[diff.cpp14.except]
      • C.4.8 Clause [library]: library introduction[diff.cpp14.library]
      • C.4.9 Clause [utilities]: general utilities library[diff.cpp14.utilities]
      • C.4.10 Clause [strings]: strings library[diff.cpp14.string]
      • C.4.11 Clause [containers]: containers library[diff.cpp14.containers]
      • C.4.12 Annex [depr]: compatibility features[diff.cpp14.depr]
    • C.5 C standard library[diff.library]
      • C.5.1 Modifications to headers[diff.mods.to.headers]
      • C.5.2 Modifications to definitions[diff.mods.to.definitions]
        • C.5.2.1 Types char16_­t and char32_­t[diff.char16]
        • C.5.2.2 Type wchar_­t[diff.wchar.t]
        • C.5.2.3 Header <assert.h>[diff.header.assert.h]
        • C.5.2.4 Header <iso646.h>[diff.header.iso646.h]
        • C.5.2.5 Header <stdalign.h>[diff.header.stdalign.h]
        • C.5.2.6 Header <stdbool.h>[diff.header.stdbool.h]
        • C.5.2.7 Macro NULL[diff.null]
      • C.5.3 Modifications to declarations[diff.mods.to.declarations]
      • C.5.4 Modifications to behavior[diff.mods.to.behavior]
        • C.5.4.1 Macro offsetof(type, member-designator)[diff.offsetof]
        • C.5.4.2 Memory allocation functions[diff.malloc]
  • Annex D (normative) Compatibility features[depr]
    • D.1 Redeclaration of static constexpr data members[depr.static_constexpr]
    • D.2 Implicit declaration of copy functions[depr.impldec]
    • D.3 Deprecated exception specifications[depr.except.spec]
    • D.4 C++standard library headers[depr.cpp.headers]
      • D.4.1 Header <ccomplex> synopsis[depr.ccomplex.syn]
      • D.4.2 Header <cstdalign> synopsis[depr.cstdalign.syn]
      • D.4.3 Header <cstdbool> synopsis[depr.cstdbool.syn]
      • D.4.4 Header <ctgmath> synopsis[depr.ctgmath.syn]
    • D.5 C standard library headers[depr.c.headers]
    • D.6 char* streams[depr.str.strstreams]
      • D.6.1 Class strstreambuf[depr.strstreambuf]
        • D.6.1.1 strstreambuf constructors[depr.strstreambuf.cons]
        • D.6.1.2 Member functions[depr.strstreambuf.members]
        • D.6.1.3 strstreambuf overridden virtual functions[depr.strstreambuf.virtuals]
      • D.6.2 Class istrstream[depr.istrstream]
        • D.6.2.1 istrstream constructors[depr.istrstream.cons]
        • D.6.2.2 Member functions[depr.istrstream.members]
      • D.6.3 Class ostrstream[depr.ostrstream]
        • D.6.3.1 ostrstream constructors[depr.ostrstream.cons]
        • D.6.3.2 Member functions[depr.ostrstream.members]
      • D.6.4 Class strstream[depr.strstream]
        • D.6.4.1 strstream constructors[depr.strstream.cons]
        • D.6.4.2 strstream destructor[depr.strstream.dest]
        • D.6.4.3 strstream operations[depr.strstream.oper]
    • D.7 uncaught_­exception[depr.uncaught]
    • D.8 Old adaptable function bindings[depr.func.adaptor.binding]
      • D.8.1 Weak result types[depr.weak.result_type]
      • D.8.2 Typedefs to support function binders[depr.func.adaptor.typedefs]
      • D.8.3 Negators[depr.negators]
    • D.9 The default allocator[depr.default.allocator]
    • D.10 Raw storage iterator[depr.storage.iterator]
    • D.11 Temporary buffers[depr.temporary.buffer]
    • D.12 Deprecated type traits[depr.meta.types]
    • D.13 Deprecated iterator primitives[depr.iterator.primitives]
      • D.13.1 Basic iterator[depr.iterator.basic]
    • D.14 Deprecated shared_­ptr observers[depr.util.smartptr.shared.obs]
    • D.15 Deprecated standard code conversion facets[depr.locale.stdcvt]
      • D.15.1 Header <codecvt> synopsis[depr.codecvt.syn]
      • D.15.2 Requirements[depr.locale.stdcvt.req]
    • D.16 Deprecated convenience conversion interfaces[depr.conversions]
      • D.16.1 Class template wstring_­convert[depr.conversions.string]
      • D.16.2 Class template wbuffer_­convert[depr.conversions.buffer]
  • Index[generalindex]
  • Index of library names[libraryindex]
  • Index of implementation-defined behavior[impldefindex]

[edit]

• Contents
  • 1 Scope[intro.scope]
  • 2 Normative references[intro.refs]
  • 3 Terms and definitions[intro.defs]
  • 4 General principles[intro]
    • 4.1 Implementation compliance[intro.compliance]
      • 4.1.1 General[intro.compliance.general]
      • 4.1.2 Abstract machine[intro.abstract]
    • 4.2 Structure of this document[intro.structure]
    • 4.3 Syntax notation[syntax]
  • 5 Lexical conventions[lex]
    • 5.1 Separate translation[lex.separate]
    • 5.2 Phases of translation[lex.phases]
    • 5.3 Character sets[lex.charset]
    • 5.4 Preprocessing tokens[lex.pptoken]
    • 5.5 Alternative tokens[lex.digraph]
    • 5.6 Tokens[lex.token]
    • 5.7 Comments[lex.comment]
    • 5.8 Header names[lex.header]
    • 5.9 Preprocessing numbers[lex.ppnumber]
    • 5.10 Identifiers[lex.name]
    • 5.11 Keywords[lex.key]
    • 5.12 Operators and punctuators[lex.operators]
    • 5.13 Literals[lex.literal]
      • 5.13.1 Kinds of literals[lex.literal.kinds]
      • 5.13.2 Integer literals[lex.icon]
      • 5.13.3 Character literals[lex.ccon]
      • 5.13.4 Floating-point literals[lex.fcon]
      • 5.13.5 String literals[lex.string]
      • 5.13.6 Boolean literals[lex.bool]
      • 5.13.7 Pointer literals[lex.nullptr]
      • 5.13.8 User-defined literals[lex.ext]
  • 6 Basics[basic]
    • 6.1 Preamble[basic.pre]
    • 6.2 Declarations and definitions[basic.def]
    • 6.3 One-definition rule[basic.def.odr]
    • 6.4 Scope[basic.scope]
      • 6.4.1 Declarative regions and scopes[basic.scope.declarative]
      • 6.4.2 Point of declaration[basic.scope.pdecl]
      • 6.4.3 Block scope[basic.scope.block]
      • 6.4.4 Function parameter scope[basic.scope.param]
      • 6.4.5 Function scope[basic.funscope]
      • 6.4.6 Namespace scope[basic.scope.namespace]
      • 6.4.7 Class scope[basic.scope.class]
      • 6.4.8 Enumeration scope[basic.scope.enum]
      • 6.4.9 Template parameter scope[basic.scope.temp]
      • 6.4.10 Name hiding[basic.scope.hiding]
    • 6.5 Name lookup[basic.lookup]
      • 6.5.1 General[basic.lookup.general]
      • 6.5.2 Unqualified name lookup[basic.lookup.unqual]
      • 6.5.3 Argument-dependent name lookup[basic.lookup.argdep]
      • 6.5.4 Qualified name lookup[basic.lookup.qual]
        • 6.5.4.1 General[basic.lookup.qual.general]
        • 6.5.4.2 Class members[class.qual]
        • 6.5.4.3 Namespace members[namespace.qual]
      • 6.5.5 Elaborated type specifiers[basic.lookup.elab]
      • 6.5.6 Class member access[basic.lookup.classref]
      • 6.5.7 Using-directives and namespace aliases[basic.lookup.udir]
    • 6.6 Program and linkage[basic.link]
    • 6.7 Memory and objects[basic.memobj]
      • 6.7.1 Memory model[intro.memory]
      • 6.7.2 Object model[intro.object]
      • 6.7.3 Lifetime[basic.life]
      • 6.7.4 Indeterminate values[basic.indet]
      • 6.7.5 Storage duration[basic.stc]
        • 6.7.5.1 General[basic.stc.general]
        • 6.7.5.2 Static storage duration[basic.stc.static]
        • 6.7.5.3 Thread storage duration[basic.stc.thread]
        • 6.7.5.4 Automatic storage duration[basic.stc.auto]
        • 6.7.5.5 Dynamic storage duration[basic.stc.dynamic]
          • 6.7.5.5.1 General[basic.stc.dynamic.general]
          • 6.7.5.5.2 Allocation functions[basic.stc.dynamic.allocation]
          • 6.7.5.5.3 Deallocation functions[basic.stc.dynamic.deallocation]
          • 6.7.5.5.4 Safely-derived pointers[basic.stc.dynamic.safety]
        • 6.7.5.6 Duration of subobjects[basic.stc.inherit]
      • 6.7.6 Alignment[basic.align]
      • 6.7.7 Temporary objects[class.temporary]
    • 6.8 Types[basic.types]
      • 6.8.1 General[basic.types.general]
      • 6.8.2 Fundamental types[basic.fundamental]
      • 6.8.3 Compound types[basic.compound]
      • 6.8.4 CV-qualifiers[basic.type.qualifier]
      • 6.8.5 Integer conversion rank[conv.rank]
    • 6.9 Program execution[basic.exec]
      • 6.9.1 Sequential execution[intro.execution]
      • 6.9.2 Multi-threaded executions and data races[intro.multithread]
        • 6.9.2.1 General[intro.multithread.general]
        • 6.9.2.2 Data races[intro.races]
        • 6.9.2.3 Forward progress[intro.progress]
      • 6.9.3 Start and termination[basic.start]
        • 6.9.3.1 main function[basic.start.main]
        • 6.9.3.2 Static initialization[basic.start.static]
        • 6.9.3.3 Dynamic initialization of non-local variables[basic.start.dynamic]
        • 6.9.3.4 Termination[basic.start.term]
  • 7 Expressions[expr]
    • 7.1 Preamble[expr.pre]
    • 7.2 Properties of expressions[expr.prop]
      • 7.2.1 Value category[basic.lval]
      • 7.2.2 Type[expr.type]
      • 7.2.3 Context dependence[expr.context]
    • 7.3 Standard conversions[conv]
      • 7.3.1 General[conv.general]
      • 7.3.2 Lvalue-to-rvalue conversion[conv.lval]
      • 7.3.3 Array-to-pointer conversion[conv.array]
      • 7.3.4 Function-to-pointer conversion[conv.func]
      • 7.3.5 Temporary materialization conversion[conv.rval]
      • 7.3.6 Qualification conversions[conv.qual]
      • 7.3.7 Integral promotions[conv.prom]
      • 7.3.8 Floating-point promotion[conv.fpprom]
      • 7.3.9 Integral conversions[conv.integral]
      • 7.3.10 Floating-point conversions[conv.double]
      • 7.3.11 Floating-integral conversions[conv.fpint]
      • 7.3.12 Pointer conversions[conv.ptr]
      • 7.3.13 Pointer-to-member conversions[conv.mem]
      • 7.3.14 Function pointer conversions[conv.fctptr]
      • 7.3.15 Boolean conversions[conv.bool]
    • 7.4 Usual arithmetic conversions[expr.arith.conv]
    • 7.5 Primary expressions[expr.prim]
      • 7.5.1 Literals[expr.prim.literal]
      • 7.5.2 This[expr.prim.this]
      • 7.5.3 Parentheses[expr.prim.paren]
      • 7.5.4 Names[expr.prim.id]
        • 7.5.4.1 General[expr.prim.id.general]
        • 7.5.4.2 Unqualified names[expr.prim.id.unqual]
        • 7.5.4.3 Qualified names[expr.prim.id.qual]
        • 7.5.4.4 Destruction[expr.prim.id.dtor]
      • 7.5.5 Lambda expressions[expr.prim.lambda]
        • 7.5.5.1 General[expr.prim.lambda.general]
        • 7.5.5.2 Closure types[expr.prim.lambda.closure]
        • 7.5.5.3 Captures[expr.prim.lambda.capture]
      • 7.5.6 Fold expressions[expr.prim.fold]
      • 7.5.7 Requires expressions[expr.prim.req]
        • 7.5.7.1 General[expr.prim.req.general]
        • 7.5.7.2 Simple requirements[expr.prim.req.simple]
        • 7.5.7.3 Type requirements[expr.prim.req.type]
        • 7.5.7.4 Compound requirements[expr.prim.req.compound]
        • 7.5.7.5 Nested requirements[expr.prim.req.nested]
    • 7.6 Compound expressions[expr.compound]
      • 7.6.1 Postfix expressions[expr.post]
        • 7.6.1.1 General[expr.post.general]
        • 7.6.1.2 Subscripting[expr.sub]
        • 7.6.1.3 Function call[expr.call]
        • 7.6.1.4 Explicit type conversion (functional notation)[expr.type.conv]
        • 7.6.1.5 Class member access[expr.ref]
        • 7.6.1.6 Increment and decrement[expr.post.incr]
        • 7.6.1.7 Dynamic cast[expr.dynamic.cast]
        • 7.6.1.8 Type identification[expr.typeid]
        • 7.6.1.9 Static cast[expr.static.cast]
        • 7.6.1.10 Reinterpret cast[expr.reinterpret.cast]
        • 7.6.1.11 Const cast[expr.const.cast]
      • 7.6.2 Unary expressions[expr.unary]
        • 7.6.2.1 General[expr.unary.general]
        • 7.6.2.2 Unary operators[expr.unary.op]
        • 7.6.2.3 Increment and decrement[expr.pre.incr]
        • 7.6.2.4 Await[expr.await]
        • 7.6.2.5 Sizeof[expr.sizeof]
        • 7.6.2.6 Alignof[expr.alignof]
        • 7.6.2.7 noexcept operator[expr.unary.noexcept]
        • 7.6.2.8 New[expr.new]
        • 7.6.2.9 Delete[expr.delete]
      • 7.6.3 Explicit type conversion (cast notation)[expr.cast]
      • 7.6.4 Pointer-to-member operators[expr.mptr.oper]
      • 7.6.5 Multiplicative operators[expr.mul]
      • 7.6.6 Additive operators[expr.add]
      • 7.6.7 Shift operators[expr.shift]
      • 7.6.8 Three-way comparison operator[expr.spaceship]
      • 7.6.9 Relational operators[expr.rel]
      • 7.6.10 Equality operators[expr.eq]
      • 7.6.11 Bitwise AND operator[expr.bit.and]
      • 7.6.12 Bitwise exclusive OR operator[expr.xor]
      • 7.6.13 Bitwise inclusive OR operator[expr.or]
      • 7.6.14 Logical AND operator[expr.log.and]
      • 7.6.15 Logical OR operator[expr.log.or]
      • 7.6.16 Conditional operator[expr.cond]
      • 7.6.17 Yielding a value[expr.yield]
      • 7.6.18 Throwing an exception[expr.throw]
      • 7.6.19 Assignment and compound assignment operators[expr.ass]
      • 7.6.20 Comma operator[expr.comma]
    • 7.7 Constant expressions[expr.const]
  • 8 Statements[stmt.stmt]
    • 8.1 Preamble[stmt.pre]
    • 8.2 Labeled statement[stmt.label]
    • 8.3 Expression statement[stmt.expr]
    • 8.4 Compound statement or block[stmt.block]
    • 8.5 Selection statements[stmt.select]
      • 8.5.1 General[stmt.select.general]
      • 8.5.2 The if statement[stmt.if]
      • 8.5.3 The switch statement[stmt.switch]
    • 8.6 Iteration statements[stmt.iter]
      • 8.6.1 General[stmt.iter.general]
      • 8.6.2 The while statement[stmt.while]
      • 8.6.3 The do statement[stmt.do]
      • 8.6.4 The for statement[stmt.for]
      • 8.6.5 The range-based for statement[stmt.ranged]
    • 8.7 Jump statements[stmt.jump]
      • 8.7.1 General[stmt.jump.general]
      • 8.7.2 The break statement[stmt.break]
      • 8.7.3 The continue statement[stmt.cont]
      • 8.7.4 The return statement[stmt.return]
      • 8.7.5 The co_­return statement[stmt.return.coroutine]
      • 8.7.6 The goto statement[stmt.goto]
    • 8.8 Declaration statement[stmt.dcl]
    • 8.9 Ambiguity resolution[stmt.ambig]
  • 9 Declarations[dcl.dcl]
    • 9.1 Preamble[dcl.pre]
    • 9.2 Specifiers[dcl.spec]
      • 9.2.1 General[dcl.spec.general]
      • 9.2.2 Storage class specifiers[dcl.stc]
      • 9.2.3 Function specifiers[dcl.fct.spec]
      • 9.2.4 The typedef specifier[dcl.typedef]
      • 9.2.5 The friend specifier[dcl.friend]
      • 9.2.6 The constexpr and consteval specifiers[dcl.constexpr]
      • 9.2.7 The constinit specifier[dcl.constinit]
      • 9.2.8 The inline specifier[dcl.inline]
      • 9.2.9 Type specifiers[dcl.type]
        • 9.2.9.1 General[dcl.type.general]
        • 9.2.9.2 The cv-qualifiers[dcl.type.cv]
        • 9.2.9.3 Simple type specifiers[dcl.type.simple]
        • 9.2.9.4 Elaborated type specifiers[dcl.type.elab]
        • 9.2.9.5 Decltype specifiers[dcl.type.decltype]
        • 9.2.9.6 Placeholder type specifiers[dcl.spec.auto]
          • 9.2.9.6.1 General[dcl.spec.auto.general]
          • 9.2.9.6.2 Placeholder type deduction[dcl.type.auto.deduct]
        • 9.2.9.7 Deduced class template specialization types[dcl.type.class.deduct]
    • 9.3 Declarators[dcl.decl]
      • 9.3.1 General[dcl.decl.general]
      • 9.3.2 Type names[dcl.name]
      • 9.3.3 Ambiguity resolution[dcl.ambig.res]
      • 9.3.4 Meaning of declarators[dcl.meaning]
        • 9.3.4.1 General[dcl.meaning.general]
        • 9.3.4.2 Pointers[dcl.ptr]
        • 9.3.4.3 References[dcl.ref]
        • 9.3.4.4 Pointers to members[dcl.mptr]
        • 9.3.4.5 Arrays[dcl.array]
        • 9.3.4.6 Functions[dcl.fct]
        • 9.3.4.7 Default arguments[dcl.fct.default]
    • 9.4 Initializers[dcl.init]
      • 9.4.1 General[dcl.init.general]
      • 9.4.2 Aggregates[dcl.init.aggr]
      • 9.4.3 Character arrays[dcl.init.string]
      • 9.4.4 References[dcl.init.ref]
      • 9.4.5 List-initialization[dcl.init.list]
    • 9.5 Function definitions[dcl.fct.def]
      • 9.5.1 In general[dcl.fct.def.general]
      • 9.5.2 Explicitly-defaulted functions[dcl.fct.def.default]
      • 9.5.3 Deleted definitions[dcl.fct.def.delete]
      • 9.5.4 Coroutine definitions[dcl.fct.def.coroutine]
    • 9.6 Structured binding declarations[dcl.struct.bind]
    • 9.7 Enumerations[enum]
      • 9.7.1 Enumeration declarations[dcl.enum]
      • 9.7.2 The using enum declaration[enum.udecl]
    • 9.8 Namespaces[basic.namespace]
      • 9.8.1 General[basic.namespace.general]
      • 9.8.2 Namespace definition[namespace.def]
        • 9.8.2.1 General[namespace.def.general]
        • 9.8.2.2 Unnamed namespaces[namespace.unnamed]
        • 9.8.2.3 Namespace member definitions[namespace.memdef]
      • 9.8.3 Namespace alias[namespace.alias]
      • 9.8.4 Using namespace directive[namespace.udir]
    • 9.9 The using declaration[namespace.udecl]
    • 9.10 The asm declaration[dcl.asm]
    • 9.11 Linkage specifications[dcl.link]
    • 9.12 Attributes[dcl.attr]
      • 9.12.1 Attribute syntax and semantics[dcl.attr.grammar]
      • 9.12.2 Alignment specifier[dcl.align]
      • 9.12.3 Carries dependency attribute[dcl.attr.depend]
      • 9.12.4 Deprecated attribute[dcl.attr.deprecated]
      • 9.12.5 Fallthrough attribute[dcl.attr.fallthrough]
      • 9.12.6 Likelihood attributes[dcl.attr.likelihood]
      • 9.12.7 Maybe unused attribute[dcl.attr.unused]
      • 9.12.8 Nodiscard attribute[dcl.attr.nodiscard]
      • 9.12.9 Noreturn attribute[dcl.attr.noreturn]
      • 9.12.10 No unique address attribute[dcl.attr.nouniqueaddr]
  • 10 Modules[module]
    • 10.1 Module units and purviews[module.unit]
    • 10.2 Export declaration[module.interface]
    • 10.3 Import declaration[module.import]
    • 10.4 Global module fragment[module.global.frag]
    • 10.5 Private module fragment[module.private.frag]
    • 10.6 Instantiation context[module.context]
    • 10.7 Reachability[module.reach]
  • 11 Classes[class]
    • 11.1 Preamble[class.pre]
    • 11.2 Properties of classes[class.prop]
    • 11.3 Class names[class.name]
    • 11.4 Class members[class.mem]
      • 11.4.1 General[class.mem.general]
      • 11.4.2 Member functions[class.mfct]
      • 11.4.3 Non-static member functions[class.mfct.non-static]
        • 11.4.3.1 General[class.mfct.non-static.general]
        • 11.4.3.2 The this pointer[class.this]
      • 11.4.4 Special member functions[special]
      • 11.4.5 Constructors[class.ctor]
        • 11.4.5.1 General[class.ctor.general]
        • 11.4.5.2 Default constructors[class.default.ctor]
        • 11.4.5.3 Copy/move constructors[class.copy.ctor]
      • 11.4.6 Copy/move assignment operator[class.copy.assign]
      • 11.4.7 Destructors[class.dtor]
      • 11.4.8 Conversions[class.conv]
        • 11.4.8.1 General[class.conv.general]
        • 11.4.8.2 Conversion by constructor[class.conv.ctor]
        • 11.4.8.3 Conversion functions[class.conv.fct]
      • 11.4.9 Static members[class.static]
        • 11.4.9.1 General[class.static.general]
        • 11.4.9.2 Static member functions[class.static.mfct]
        • 11.4.9.3 Static data members[class.static.data]
      • 11.4.10 Bit-fields[class.bit]
      • 11.4.11 Nested class declarations[class.nest]
      • 11.4.12 Nested type names[class.nested.type]
    • 11.5 Unions[class.union]
      • 11.5.1 General[class.union.general]
      • 11.5.2 Anonymous unions[class.union.anon]
    • 11.6 Local class declarations[class.local]
    • 11.7 Derived classes[class.derived]
      • 11.7.1 General[class.derived.general]
      • 11.7.2 Multiple base classes[class.mi]
      • 11.7.3 Virtual functions[class.virtual]
      • 11.7.4 Abstract classes[class.abstract]
    • 11.8 Member name lookup[class.member.lookup]
    • 11.9 Member access control[class.access]
      • 11.9.1 General[class.access.general]
      • 11.9.2 Access specifiers[class.access.spec]
      • 11.9.3 Accessibility of base classes and base class members[class.access.base]
      • 11.9.4 Friends[class.friend]
      • 11.9.5 Protected member access[class.protected]
      • 11.9.6 Access to virtual functions[class.access.virt]
      • 11.9.7 Multiple access[class.paths]
      • 11.9.8 Nested classes[class.access.nest]
    • 11.10 Initialization[class.init]
      • 11.10.1 General[class.init.general]
      • 11.10.2 Explicit initialization[class.expl.init]
      • 11.10.3 Initializing bases and members[class.base.init]
      • 11.10.4 Initialization by inherited constructor[class.inhctor.init]
      • 11.10.5 Construction and destruction[class.cdtor]
      • 11.10.6 Copy/move elision[class.copy.elision]
    • 11.11 Comparisons[class.compare]
      • 11.11.1 Defaulted comparison operator functions[class.compare.default]
      • 11.11.2 Equality operator[class.eq]
      • 11.11.3 Three-way comparison[class.spaceship]
      • 11.11.4 Secondary comparison operators[class.compare.secondary]
    • 11.12 Free store[class.free]
  • 12 Overloading[over]
    • 12.1 Preamble[over.pre]
    • 12.2 Overloadable declarations[over.load]
    • 12.3 Declaration matching[over.dcl]
    • 12.4 Overload resolution[over.match]
      • 12.4.1 General[over.match.general]
      • 12.4.2 Candidate functions and argument lists[over.match.funcs]
        • 12.4.2.1 General[over.match.funcs.general]
        • 12.4.2.2 Function call syntax[over.match.call]
          • 12.4.2.2.1 General[over.match.call.general]
          • 12.4.2.2.2 Call to named function[over.call.func]
          • 12.4.2.2.3 Call to object of class type[over.call.object]
        • 12.4.2.3 Operators in expressions[over.match.oper]
        • 12.4.2.4 Initialization by constructor[over.match.ctor]
        • 12.4.2.5 Copy-initialization of class by user-defined conversion[over.match.copy]
        • 12.4.2.6 Initialization by conversion function[over.match.conv]
        • 12.4.2.7 Initialization by conversion function for direct reference binding[over.match.ref]
        • 12.4.2.8 Initialization by list-initialization[over.match.list]
        • 12.4.2.9 Class template argument deduction[over.match.class.deduct]
      • 12.4.3 Viable functions[over.match.viable]
      • 12.4.4 Best viable function[over.match.best]
        • 12.4.4.1 General[over.match.best.general]
        • 12.4.4.2 Implicit conversion sequences[over.best.ics]
          • 12.4.4.2.1 General[over.best.ics.general]
          • 12.4.4.2.2 Standard conversion sequences[over.ics.scs]
          • 12.4.4.2.3 User-defined conversion sequences[over.ics.user]
          • 12.4.4.2.4 Ellipsis conversion sequences[over.ics.ellipsis]
          • 12.4.4.2.5 Reference binding[over.ics.ref]
          • 12.4.4.2.6 List-initialization sequence[over.ics.list]
        • 12.4.4.3 Ranking implicit conversion sequences[over.ics.rank]
    • 12.5 Address of overloaded function[over.over]
    • 12.6 Overloaded operators[over.oper]
      • 12.6.1 General[over.oper.general]
      • 12.6.2 Unary operators[over.unary]
      • 12.6.3 Binary operators[over.binary]
        • 12.6.3.1 General[over.binary.general]
        • 12.6.3.2 Simple assignment[over.ass]
      • 12.6.4 Function call[over.call]
      • 12.6.5 Subscripting[over.sub]
      • 12.6.6 Class member access[over.ref]
      • 12.6.7 Increment and decrement[over.inc]
    • 12.7 Built-in operators[over.built]
    • 12.8 User-defined literals[over.literal]
  • 13 Templates[temp]
    • 13.1 Preamble[temp.pre]
    • 13.2 Template parameters[temp.param]
    • 13.3 Names of template specializations[temp.names]
    • 13.4 Template arguments[temp.arg]
      • 13.4.1 General[temp.arg.general]
      • 13.4.2 Template type arguments[temp.arg.type]
      • 13.4.3 Template non-type arguments[temp.arg.nontype]
      • 13.4.4 Template template arguments[temp.arg.template]
    • 13.5 Template constraints[temp.constr]
      • 13.5.1 General[temp.constr.general]
      • 13.5.2 Constraints[temp.constr.constr]
        • 13.5.2.1 General[temp.constr.constr.general]
        • 13.5.2.2 Logical operations[temp.constr.op]
        • 13.5.2.3 Atomic constraints[temp.constr.atomic]
      • 13.5.3 Constrained declarations[temp.constr.decl]
      • 13.5.4 Constraint normalization[temp.constr.normal]
      • 13.5.5 Partial ordering by constraints[temp.constr.order]
    • 13.6 Type equivalence[temp.type]
    • 13.7 Template declarations[temp.decls]
      • 13.7.1 General[temp.decls.general]
      • 13.7.2 Class templates[temp.class]
        • 13.7.2.1 General[temp.class.general]
        • 13.7.2.2 Member functions of class templates[temp.mem.func]
        • 13.7.2.3 Deduction guides[temp.deduct.guide]
        • 13.7.2.4 Member classes of class templates[temp.mem.class]
        • 13.7.2.5 Static data members of class templates[temp.static]
        • 13.7.2.6 Enumeration members of class templates[temp.mem.enum]
      • 13.7.3 Member templates[temp.mem]
      • 13.7.4 Variadic templates[temp.variadic]
      • 13.7.5 Friends[temp.friend]
      • 13.7.6 Class template partial specializations[temp.class.spec]
        • 13.7.6.1 General[temp.class.spec.general]
        • 13.7.6.2 Matching of class template partial specializations[temp.class.spec.match]
        • 13.7.6.3 Partial ordering of class template specializations[temp.class.order]
        • 13.7.6.4 Members of class template specializations[temp.class.spec.mfunc]
      • 13.7.7 Function templates[temp.fct]
        • 13.7.7.1 General[temp.fct.general]
        • 13.7.7.2 Function template overloading[temp.over.link]
        • 13.7.7.3 Partial ordering of function templates[temp.func.order]
      • 13.7.8 Alias templates[temp.alias]
      • 13.7.9 Concept definitions[temp.concept]
    • 13.8 Name resolution[temp.res]
      • 13.8.1 General[temp.res.general]
      • 13.8.2 Locally declared names[temp.local]
      • 13.8.3 Dependent names[temp.dep]
        • 13.8.3.1 General[temp.dep.general]
        • 13.8.3.2 Dependent types[temp.dep.type]
        • 13.8.3.3 Type-dependent expressions[temp.dep.expr]
        • 13.8.3.4 Value-dependent expressions[temp.dep.constexpr]
        • 13.8.3.5 Dependent template arguments[temp.dep.temp]
      • 13.8.4 Non-dependent names[temp.nondep]
      • 13.8.5 Dependent name resolution[temp.dep.res]
        • 13.8.5.1 Point of instantiation[temp.point]
        • 13.8.5.2 Candidate functions[temp.dep.candidate]
      • 13.8.6 Friend names declared within a class template[temp.inject]
    • 13.9 Template instantiation and specialization[temp.spec]
      • 13.9.1 General[temp.spec.general]
      • 13.9.2 Implicit instantiation[temp.inst]
      • 13.9.3 Explicit instantiation[temp.explicit]
      • 13.9.4 Explicit specialization[temp.expl.spec]
    • 13.10 Function template specializations[temp.fct.spec]
      • 13.10.1 General[temp.fct.spec.general]
      • 13.10.2 Explicit template argument specification[temp.arg.explicit]
      • 13.10.3 Template argument deduction[temp.deduct]
        • 13.10.3.1 General[temp.deduct.general]
        • 13.10.3.2 Deducing template arguments from a function call[temp.deduct.call]
        • 13.10.3.3 Deducing template arguments taking the address of a function template[temp.deduct.funcaddr]
        • 13.10.3.4 Deducing conversion function template arguments[temp.deduct.conv]
        • 13.10.3.5 Deducing template arguments during partial ordering[temp.deduct.partial]
        • 13.10.3.6 Deducing template arguments from a type[temp.deduct.type]
        • 13.10.3.7 Deducing template arguments from a function declaration[temp.deduct.decl]
      • 13.10.4 Overload resolution[temp.over]
  • 14 Exception handling[except]
    • 14.1 Preamble[except.pre]
    • 14.2 Throwing an exception[except.throw]
    • 14.3 Constructors and destructors[except.ctor]
    • 14.4 Handling an exception[except.handle]
    • 14.5 Exception specifications[except.spec]
    • 14.6 Special functions[except.special]
      • 14.6.1 General[except.special.general]
      • 14.6.2 The std​::​terminate function[except.terminate]
      • 14.6.3 The std​::​uncaught_­exceptions function[except.uncaught]
  • 15 Preprocessing directives[cpp]
    • 15.1 Preamble[cpp.pre]
    • 15.2 Conditional inclusion[cpp.cond]
    • 15.3 Source file inclusion[cpp.include]
    • 15.4 Module directive[cpp.module]
    • 15.5 Header unit importation[cpp.import]
    • 15.6 Macro replacement[cpp.replace]
      • 15.6.1 General[cpp.replace.general]
      • 15.6.2 Argument substitution[cpp.subst]
      • 15.6.3 The # operator[cpp.stringize]
      • 15.6.4 The ## operator[cpp.concat]
      • 15.6.5 Rescanning and further replacement[cpp.rescan]
      • 15.6.6 Scope of macro definitions[cpp.scope]
    • 15.7 Line control[cpp.line]
    • 15.8 Error directive[cpp.error]
    • 15.9 Pragma directive[cpp.pragma]
    • 15.10 Null directive[cpp.null]
    • 15.11 Predefined macro names[cpp.predefined]
    • 15.12 Pragma operator[cpp.pragma.op]
  • 16 Library introduction[library]
    • 16.1 General[library.general]
    • 16.2 The C standard library[library.c]
    • 16.3 Method of description[description]
      • 16.3.1 General[description.general]
      • 16.3.2 Structure of each clause[structure]
        • 16.3.2.1 Elements[structure.elements]
        • 16.3.2.2 Summary[structure.summary]
        • 16.3.2.3 Requirements[structure.requirements]
        • 16.3.2.4 Detailed specifications[structure.specifications]
        • 16.3.2.5 C library[structure.see.also]
      • 16.3.3 Other conventions[conventions]
        • 16.3.3.1 General[conventions.general]
        • 16.3.3.2 Exposition-only functions[expos.only.func]
        • 16.3.3.3 Type descriptions[type.descriptions]
          • 16.3.3.3.1 General[type.descriptions.general]
          • 16.3.3.3.2 Exposition-only types[expos.only.types]
          • 16.3.3.3.3 Enumerated types[enumerated.types]
          • 16.3.3.3.4 Bitmask types[bitmask.types]
          • 16.3.3.3.5 Character sequences[character.seq]
            • 16.3.3.3.5.1 General[character.seq.general]
            • 16.3.3.3.5.2 Byte strings[byte.strings]
            • 16.3.3.3.5.3 Multibyte strings[multibyte.strings]
          • 16.3.3.3.6 Customization Point Object types[customization.point.object]
        • 16.3.3.4 Functions within classes[functions.within.classes]
        • 16.3.3.5 Private members[objects.within.classes]
    • 16.4 Library-wide requirements[requirements]
      • 16.4.1 General[requirements.general]
      • 16.4.2 Library contents and organization[organization]
        • 16.4.2.1 General[organization.general]
        • 16.4.2.2 Library contents[contents]
        • 16.4.2.3 Headers[headers]
        • 16.4.2.4 Freestanding implementations[compliance]
      • 16.4.3 Using the library[using]
        • 16.4.3.1 Overview[using.overview]
        • 16.4.3.2 Headers[using.headers]
        • 16.4.3.3 Linkage[using.linkage]
      • 16.4.4 Requirements on types and expressions[utility.requirements]
        • 16.4.4.1 General[utility.requirements.general]
        • 16.4.4.2 Template argument requirements[utility.arg.requirements]
        • 16.4.4.3 Swappable requirements[swappable.requirements]
        • 16.4.4.4 Cpp17NullablePointer requirements[nullablepointer.requirements]
        • 16.4.4.5 Cpp17Hash requirements[hash.requirements]
        • 16.4.4.6 Cpp17Allocator requirements[allocator.requirements]
          • 16.4.4.6.1 General[allocator.requirements.general]
          • 16.4.4.6.2 Allocator completeness requirements[allocator.requirements.completeness]
      • 16.4.5 Constraints on programs[constraints]
        • 16.4.5.1 Overview[constraints.overview]
        • 16.4.5.2 Namespace use[namespace.constraints]
          • 16.4.5.2.1 Namespace std[namespace.std]
          • 16.4.5.2.2 Namespace posix[namespace.posix]
          • 16.4.5.2.3 Namespaces for future standardization[namespace.future]
        • 16.4.5.3 Reserved names[reserved.names]
          • 16.4.5.3.1 General[reserved.names.general]
          • 16.4.5.3.2 Zombie names[zombie.names]
          • 16.4.5.3.3 Macro names[macro.names]
          • 16.4.5.3.4 External linkage[extern.names]
          • 16.4.5.3.5 Types[extern.types]
          • 16.4.5.3.6 User-defined literal suffixes[usrlit.suffix]
        • 16.4.5.4 Headers[alt.headers]
        • 16.4.5.5 Derived classes[derived.classes]
        • 16.4.5.6 Replacement functions[replacement.functions]
        • 16.4.5.7 Handler functions[handler.functions]
        • 16.4.5.8 Other functions[res.on.functions]
        • 16.4.5.9 Function arguments[res.on.arguments]
        • 16.4.5.10 Library object access[res.on.objects]
        • 16.4.5.11 Semantic requirements[res.on.requirements]
      • 16.4.6 Conforming implementations[conforming]
        • 16.4.6.1 Overview[conforming.overview]
        • 16.4.6.2 Headers[res.on.headers]
        • 16.4.6.3 Restrictions on macro definitions[res.on.macro.definitions]
        • 16.4.6.4 Non-member functions[global.functions]
        • 16.4.6.5 Member functions[member.functions]
        • 16.4.6.6 Friend functions[hidden.friends]
        • 16.4.6.7 Constexpr functions and constructors[constexpr.functions]
        • 16.4.6.8 Requirements for stable algorithms[algorithm.stable]
        • 16.4.6.9 Reentrancy[reentrancy]
        • 16.4.6.10 Data race avoidance[res.on.data.races]
        • 16.4.6.11 Protection within classes[protection.within.classes]
        • 16.4.6.12 Derived classes[derivation]
        • 16.4.6.13 Restrictions on exception handling[res.on.exception.handling]
        • 16.4.6.14 Restrictions on storage of pointers[res.on.pointer.storage]
        • 16.4.6.15 Value of error codes[value.error.codes]
        • 16.4.6.16 Moved-from state of library types[lib.types.movedfrom]
  • 17 Language support library[support]
    • 17.1 General[support.general]
    • 17.2 Common definitions[support.types]
      • 17.2.1 Header <cstddef> synopsis[cstddef.syn]
      • 17.2.2 Header <cstdlib> synopsis[cstdlib.syn]
      • 17.2.3 Null pointers[support.types.nullptr]
      • 17.2.4 Sizes, alignments, and offsets[support.types.layout]
      • 17.2.5 byte type operations[support.types.byteops]
    • 17.3 Implementation properties[support.limits]
      • 17.3.1 General[support.limits.general]
      • 17.3.2 Header <version> synopsis[version.syn]
      • 17.3.3 Header <limits> synopsis[limits.syn]
      • 17.3.4 Floating-point type properties[fp.style]
        • 17.3.4.1 Type float_­round_­style[round.style]
        • 17.3.4.2 Type float_­denorm_­style[denorm.style]
      • 17.3.5 Class template numeric_­limits[numeric.limits]
        • 17.3.5.1 General[numeric.limits.general]
        • 17.3.5.2 numeric_­limits members[numeric.limits.members]
        • 17.3.5.3 numeric_­limits specializations[numeric.special]
      • 17.3.6 Header <climits> synopsis[climits.syn]
      • 17.3.7 Header <cfloat> synopsis[cfloat.syn]
    • 17.4 Integer types[cstdint]
      • 17.4.1 General[cstdint.general]
      • 17.4.2 Header <cstdint> synopsis[cstdint.syn]
    • 17.5 Startup and termination[support.start.term]
    • 17.6 Dynamic memory management[support.dynamic]
      • 17.6.1 General[support.dynamic.general]
      • 17.6.2 Header <new> synopsis[new.syn]
      • 17.6.3 Storage allocation and deallocation[new.delete]
        • 17.6.3.1 General[new.delete.general]
        • 17.6.3.2 Single-object forms[new.delete.single]
        • 17.6.3.3 Array forms[new.delete.array]
        • 17.6.3.4 Non-allocating forms[new.delete.placement]
        • 17.6.3.5 Data races[new.delete.dataraces]
      • 17.6.4 Storage allocation errors[alloc.errors]
        • 17.6.4.1 Class bad_­alloc[bad.alloc]
        • 17.6.4.2 Class bad_­array_­new_­length[new.badlength]
        • 17.6.4.3 Type new_­handler[new.handler]
        • 17.6.4.4 set_­new_­handler[set.new.handler]
        • 17.6.4.5 get_­new_­handler[get.new.handler]
      • 17.6.5 Pointer optimization barrier[ptr.launder]
      • 17.6.6 Hardware interference size[hardware.interference]
    • 17.7 Type identification[support.rtti]
      • 17.7.1 General[support.rtti.general]
      • 17.7.2 Header <typeinfo> synopsis[typeinfo.syn]
      • 17.7.3 Class type_­info[type.info]
      • 17.7.4 Class bad_­cast[bad.cast]
      • 17.7.5 Class bad_­typeid[bad.typeid]
    • 17.8 Source location[support.srcloc]
      • 17.8.1 Header <source_­location> synopsis[source.location.syn]
      • 17.8.2 Class source_­location[support.srcloc.class]
        • 17.8.2.1 General[support.srcloc.class.general]
        • 17.8.2.2 Creation[support.srcloc.cons]
        • 17.8.2.3 Observers[support.srcloc.obs]
    • 17.9 Exception handling[support.exception]
      • 17.9.1 General[support.exception.general]
      • 17.9.2 Header <exception> synopsis[exception.syn]
      • 17.9.3 Class exception[exception]
      • 17.9.4 Class bad_­exception[bad.exception]
      • 17.9.5 Abnormal termination[exception.terminate]
        • 17.9.5.1 Type terminate_­handler[terminate.handler]
        • 17.9.5.2 set_­terminate[set.terminate]
        • 17.9.5.3 get_­terminate[get.terminate]
        • 17.9.5.4 terminate[terminate]
      • 17.9.6 uncaught_­exceptions[uncaught.exceptions]
      • 17.9.7 Exception propagation[propagation]
      • 17.9.8 nested_­exception[except.nested]
    • 17.10 Initializer lists[support.initlist]
      • 17.10.1 General[support.initlist.general]
      • 17.10.2 Header <initializer_­list> synopsis[initializer.list.syn]
      • 17.10.3 Initializer list constructors[support.initlist.cons]
      • 17.10.4 Initializer list access[support.initlist.access]
      • 17.10.5 Initializer list range access[support.initlist.range]
    • 17.11 Comparisons[cmp]
      • 17.11.1 Header <compare> synopsis[compare.syn]
      • 17.11.2 Comparison category types[cmp.categories]
        • 17.11.2.1 Preamble[cmp.categories.pre]
        • 17.11.2.2 Class partial_­ordering[cmp.partialord]
        • 17.11.2.3 Class weak_­ordering[cmp.weakord]
        • 17.11.2.4 Class strong_­ordering[cmp.strongord]
      • 17.11.3 Class template common_­comparison_­category[cmp.common]
      • 17.11.4 Concept three_­way_­comparable[cmp.concept]
      • 17.11.5 Result of three-way comparison[cmp.result]
      • 17.11.6 Comparison algorithms[cmp.alg]
    • 17.12 Coroutines[support.coroutine]
      • 17.12.1 General[support.coroutine.general]
      • 17.12.2 Header <coroutine> synopsis[coroutine.syn]
      • 17.12.3 Coroutine traits[coroutine.traits]
        • 17.12.3.1 General[coroutine.traits.general]
        • 17.12.3.2 Class template coroutine_­traits[coroutine.traits.primary]
      • 17.12.4 Class template coroutine_­handle[coroutine.handle]
        • 17.12.4.1 General[coroutine.handle.general]
        • 17.12.4.2 Construct/reset[coroutine.handle.con]
        • 17.12.4.3 Export/import[coroutine.handle.export.import]
        • 17.12.4.4 Observers[coroutine.handle.observers]
        • 17.12.4.5 Resumption[coroutine.handle.resumption]
        • 17.12.4.6 Promise access[coroutine.handle.promise]
        • 17.12.4.7 Comparison operators[coroutine.handle.compare]
        • 17.12.4.8 Hash support[coroutine.handle.hash]
      • 17.12.5 No-op coroutines[coroutine.noop]
        • 17.12.5.1 Class noop_­coroutine_­promise[coroutine.promise.noop]
        • 17.12.5.2 Class coroutine_­handle<noop_­coroutine_­promise>[coroutine.handle.noop]
          • 17.12.5.2.1 Observers[coroutine.handle.noop.observers]
          • 17.12.5.2.2 Resumption[coroutine.handle.noop.resumption]
          • 17.12.5.2.3 Promise access[coroutine.handle.noop.promise]
          • 17.12.5.2.4 Address[coroutine.handle.noop.address]
        • 17.12.5.3 Function noop_­coroutine[coroutine.noop.coroutine]
      • 17.12.6 Trivial awaitables[coroutine.trivial.awaitables]
    • 17.13 Other runtime support[support.runtime]
      • 17.13.1 General[support.runtime.general]
      • 17.13.2 Header <cstdarg> synopsis[cstdarg.syn]
      • 17.13.3 Header <csetjmp> synopsis[csetjmp.syn]
      • 17.13.4 Header <csignal> synopsis[csignal.syn]
      • 17.13.5 Signal handlers[support.signal]
  • 18 Concepts library[concepts]
    • 18.1 General[concepts.general]
    • 18.2 Equality preservation[concepts.equality]
    • 18.3 Header <concepts> synopsis[concepts.syn]
    • 18.4 Language-related concepts[concepts.lang]
      • 18.4.1 General[concepts.lang.general]
      • 18.4.2 Concept same_­as[concept.same]
      • 18.4.3 Concept derived_­from[concept.derived]
      • 18.4.4 Concept convertible_­to[concept.convertible]
      • 18.4.5 Concept common_­reference_­with[concept.commonref]
      • 18.4.6 Concept common_­with[concept.common]
      • 18.4.7 Arithmetic concepts[concepts.arithmetic]
      • 18.4.8 Concept assignable_­from[concept.assignable]
      • 18.4.9 Concept swappable[concept.swappable]
      • 18.4.10 Concept destructible[concept.destructible]
      • 18.4.11 Concept constructible_­from[concept.constructible]
      • 18.4.12 Concept default_­initializable[concept.default.init]
      • 18.4.13 Concept move_­constructible[concept.moveconstructible]
      • 18.4.14 Concept copy_­constructible[concept.copyconstructible]
    • 18.5 Comparison concepts[concepts.compare]
      • 18.5.1 General[concepts.compare.general]
      • 18.5.2 Boolean testability[concept.booleantestable]
      • 18.5.3 Concept equality_­comparable[concept.equalitycomparable]
      • 18.5.4 Concept totally_­ordered[concept.totallyordered]
    • 18.6 Object concepts[concepts.object]
    • 18.7 Callable concepts[concepts.callable]
      • 18.7.1 General[concepts.callable.general]
      • 18.7.2 Concept invocable[concept.invocable]
      • 18.7.3 Concept regular_­invocable[concept.regularinvocable]
      • 18.7.4 Concept predicate[concept.predicate]
      • 18.7.5 Concept relation[concept.relation]
      • 18.7.6 Concept equivalence_­relation[concept.equiv]
      • 18.7.7 Concept strict_­weak_­order[concept.strictweakorder]
  • 19 Diagnostics library[diagnostics]
    • 19.1 General[diagnostics.general]
    • 19.2 Exception classes[std.exceptions]
      • 19.2.1 General[std.exceptions.general]
      • 19.2.2 Header <stdexcept> synopsis[stdexcept.syn]
      • 19.2.3 Class logic_­error[logic.error]
      • 19.2.4 Class domain_­error[domain.error]
      • 19.2.5 Class invalid_­argument[invalid.argument]
      • 19.2.6 Class length_­error[length.error]
      • 19.2.7 Class out_­of_­range[out.of.range]
      • 19.2.8 Class runtime_­error[runtime.error]
      • 19.2.9 Class range_­error[range.error]
      • 19.2.10 Class overflow_­error[overflow.error]
      • 19.2.11 Class underflow_­error[underflow.error]
    • 19.3 Assertions[assertions]
      • 19.3.1 General[assertions.general]
      • 19.3.2 Header <cassert> synopsis[cassert.syn]
      • 19.3.3 The assert macro[assertions.assert]
    • 19.4 Error numbers[errno]
      • 19.4.1 General[errno.general]
      • 19.4.2 Header <cerrno> synopsis[cerrno.syn]
    • 19.5 System error support[syserr]
      • 19.5.1 General[syserr.general]
      • 19.5.2 Header <system_­error> synopsis[system.error.syn]
      • 19.5.3 Class error_­category[syserr.errcat]
        • 19.5.3.1 Overview[syserr.errcat.overview]
        • 19.5.3.2 Virtual members[syserr.errcat.virtuals]
        • 19.5.3.3 Non-virtual members[syserr.errcat.nonvirtuals]
        • 19.5.3.4 Program-defined classes derived from error_­category[syserr.errcat.derived]
        • 19.5.3.5 Error category objects[syserr.errcat.objects]
      • 19.5.4 Class error_­code[syserr.errcode]
        • 19.5.4.1 Overview[syserr.errcode.overview]
        • 19.5.4.2 Constructors[syserr.errcode.constructors]
        • 19.5.4.3 Modifiers[syserr.errcode.modifiers]
        • 19.5.4.4 Observers[syserr.errcode.observers]
        • 19.5.4.5 Non-member functions[syserr.errcode.nonmembers]
      • 19.5.5 Class error_­condition[syserr.errcondition]
        • 19.5.5.1 Overview[syserr.errcondition.overview]
        • 19.5.5.2 Constructors[syserr.errcondition.constructors]
        • 19.5.5.3 Modifiers[syserr.errcondition.modifiers]
        • 19.5.5.4 Observers[syserr.errcondition.observers]
        • 19.5.5.5 Non-member functions[syserr.errcondition.nonmembers]
      • 19.5.6 Comparison operator functions[syserr.compare]
      • 19.5.7 System error hash support[syserr.hash]
      • 19.5.8 Class system_­error[syserr.syserr]
        • 19.5.8.1 Overview[syserr.syserr.overview]
        • 19.5.8.2 Members[syserr.syserr.members]
  • 20 General utilities library[utilities]
    • 20.1 General[utilities.general]
    • 20.2 Utility components[utility]
      • 20.2.1 Header <utility> synopsis[utility.syn]
      • 20.2.2 swap[utility.swap]
      • 20.2.3 exchange[utility.exchange]
      • 20.2.4 Forward/move helpers[forward]
      • 20.2.5 Function template as_­const[utility.as.const]
      • 20.2.6 Function template declval[declval]
      • 20.2.7 Integer comparison functions[utility.intcmp]
    • 20.3 Compile-time integer sequences[intseq]
      • 20.3.1 In general[intseq.general]
      • 20.3.2 Class template integer_­sequence[intseq.intseq]
      • 20.3.3 Alias template make_­integer_­sequence[intseq.make]
    • 20.4 Pairs[pairs]
      • 20.4.1 In general[pairs.general]
      • 20.4.2 Class template pair[pairs.pair]
      • 20.4.3 Specialized algorithms[pairs.spec]
      • 20.4.4 Tuple-like access to pair[pair.astuple]
      • 20.4.5 Piecewise construction[pair.piecewise]
    • 20.5 Tuples[tuple]
      • 20.5.1 In general[tuple.general]
      • 20.5.2 Header <tuple> synopsis[tuple.syn]
      • 20.5.3 Class template tuple[tuple.tuple]
        • 20.5.3.1 Construction[tuple.cnstr]
        • 20.5.3.2 Assignment[tuple.assign]
        • 20.5.3.3 swap[tuple.swap]
      • 20.5.4 Tuple creation functions[tuple.creation]
      • 20.5.5 Calling a function with a tuple of arguments[tuple.apply]
      • 20.5.6 Tuple helper classes[tuple.helper]
      • 20.5.7 Element access[tuple.elem]
      • 20.5.8 Relational operators[tuple.rel]
      • 20.5.9 Tuple traits[tuple.traits]
      • 20.5.10 Tuple specialized algorithms[tuple.special]
    • 20.6 Optional objects[optional]
      • 20.6.1 In general[optional.general]
      • 20.6.2 Header <optional> synopsis[optional.syn]
      • 20.6.3 Class template optional[optional.optional]
        • 20.6.3.1 General[optional.optional.general]
        • 20.6.3.2 Constructors[optional.ctor]
        • 20.6.3.3 Destructor[optional.dtor]
        • 20.6.3.4 Assignment[optional.assign]
        • 20.6.3.5 Swap[optional.swap]
        • 20.6.3.6 Observers[optional.observe]
        • 20.6.3.7 Modifiers[optional.mod]
      • 20.6.4 No-value state indicator[optional.nullopt]
      • 20.6.5 Class bad_­optional_­access[optional.bad.access]
      • 20.6.6 Relational operators[optional.relops]
      • 20.6.7 Comparison with nullopt[optional.nullops]
      • 20.6.8 Comparison with T[optional.comp.with.t]
      • 20.6.9 Specialized algorithms[optional.specalg]
      • 20.6.10 Hash support[optional.hash]
    • 20.7 Variants[variant]
      • 20.7.1 In general[variant.general]
      • 20.7.2 Header <variant> synopsis[variant.syn]
      • 20.7.3 Class template variant[variant.variant]
        • 20.7.3.1 General[variant.variant.general]
        • 20.7.3.2 Constructors[variant.ctor]
        • 20.7.3.3 Destructor[variant.dtor]
        • 20.7.3.4 Assignment[variant.assign]
        • 20.7.3.5 Modifiers[variant.mod]
        • 20.7.3.6 Value status[variant.status]
        • 20.7.3.7 Swap[variant.swap]
      • 20.7.4 variant helper classes[variant.helper]
      • 20.7.5 Value access[variant.get]
      • 20.7.6 Relational operators[variant.relops]
      • 20.7.7 Visitation[variant.visit]
      • 20.7.8 Class monostate[variant.monostate]
      • 20.7.9 monostate relational operators[variant.monostate.relops]
      • 20.7.10 Specialized algorithms[variant.specalg]
      • 20.7.11 Class bad_­variant_­access[variant.bad.access]
      • 20.7.12 Hash support[variant.hash]
    • 20.8 Storage for any type[any]
      • 20.8.1 General[any.general]
      • 20.8.2 Header <any> synopsis[any.synop]
      • 20.8.3 Class bad_­any_­cast[any.bad.any.cast]
      • 20.8.4 Class any[any.class]
        • 20.8.4.1 General[any.class.general]
        • 20.8.4.2 Construction and destruction[any.cons]
        • 20.8.4.3 Assignment[any.assign]
        • 20.8.4.4 Modifiers[any.modifiers]
        • 20.8.4.5 Observers[any.observers]
      • 20.8.5 Non-member functions[any.nonmembers]
    • 20.9 Bitsets[bitset]
      • 20.9.1 Header <bitset> synopsis[bitset.syn]
      • 20.9.2 Class template bitset[template.bitset]
        • 20.9.2.1 General[template.bitset.general]
        • 20.9.2.2 Constructors[bitset.cons]
        • 20.9.2.3 Members[bitset.members]
      • 20.9.3 bitset hash support[bitset.hash]
      • 20.9.4 bitset operators[bitset.operators]
    • 20.10 Memory[memory]
      • 20.10.1 In general[memory.general]
      • 20.10.2 Header <memory> synopsis[memory.syn]
      • 20.10.3 Pointer traits[pointer.traits]
        • 20.10.3.1 General[pointer.traits.general]
        • 20.10.3.2 Member types[pointer.traits.types]
        • 20.10.3.3 Member functions[pointer.traits.functions]
        • 20.10.3.4 Optional members[pointer.traits.optmem]
      • 20.10.4 Pointer conversion[pointer.conversion]
      • 20.10.5 Pointer safety[util.dynamic.safety]
      • 20.10.6 Pointer alignment[ptr.align]
      • 20.10.7 Allocator argument tag[allocator.tag]
      • 20.10.8 uses_­allocator[allocator.uses]
        • 20.10.8.1 uses_­allocator trait[allocator.uses.trait]
        • 20.10.8.2 Uses-allocator construction[allocator.uses.construction]
      • 20.10.9 Allocator traits[allocator.traits]
        • 20.10.9.1 General[allocator.traits.general]
        • 20.10.9.2 Member types[allocator.traits.types]
        • 20.10.9.3 Static member functions[allocator.traits.members]
      • 20.10.10 The default allocator[default.allocator]
        • 20.10.10.1 General[default.allocator.general]
        • 20.10.10.2 Members[allocator.members]
        • 20.10.10.3 Operators[allocator.globals]
      • 20.10.11 addressof[specialized.addressof]
      • 20.10.12 C library memory allocation[c.malloc]
    • 20.11 Smart pointers[smartptr]
      • 20.11.1 Class template unique_­ptr[unique.ptr]
        • 20.11.1.1 General[unique.ptr.general]
        • 20.11.1.2 Default deleters[unique.ptr.dltr]
          • 20.11.1.2.1 In general[unique.ptr.dltr.general]
          • 20.11.1.2.2 default_­delete[unique.ptr.dltr.dflt]
          • 20.11.1.2.3 default_­delete<T[]>[unique.ptr.dltr.dflt1]
        • 20.11.1.3 unique_­ptr for single objects[unique.ptr.single]
          • 20.11.1.3.1 General[unique.ptr.single.general]
          • 20.11.1.3.2 Constructors[unique.ptr.single.ctor]
          • 20.11.1.3.3 Destructor[unique.ptr.single.dtor]
          • 20.11.1.3.4 Assignment[unique.ptr.single.asgn]
          • 20.11.1.3.5 Observers[unique.ptr.single.observers]
          • 20.11.1.3.6 Modifiers[unique.ptr.single.modifiers]
        • 20.11.1.4 unique_­ptr for array objects with a runtime length[unique.ptr.runtime]
          • 20.11.1.4.1 General[unique.ptr.runtime.general]
          • 20.11.1.4.2 Constructors[unique.ptr.runtime.ctor]
          • 20.11.1.4.3 Assignment[unique.ptr.runtime.asgn]
          • 20.11.1.4.4 Observers[unique.ptr.runtime.observers]
          • 20.11.1.4.5 Modifiers[unique.ptr.runtime.modifiers]
        • 20.11.1.5 Creation[unique.ptr.create]
        • 20.11.1.6 Specialized algorithms[unique.ptr.special]
        • 20.11.1.7 I/O[unique.ptr.io]
      • 20.11.2 Class bad_­weak_­ptr[util.smartptr.weak.bad]
      • 20.11.3 Class template shared_­ptr[util.smartptr.shared]
        • 20.11.3.1 General[util.smartptr.shared.general]
        • 20.11.3.2 Constructors[util.smartptr.shared.const]
        • 20.11.3.3 Destructor[util.smartptr.shared.dest]
        • 20.11.3.4 Assignment[util.smartptr.shared.assign]
        • 20.11.3.5 Modifiers[util.smartptr.shared.mod]
        • 20.11.3.6 Observers[util.smartptr.shared.obs]
        • 20.11.3.7 Creation[util.smartptr.shared.create]
        • 20.11.3.8 Comparison[util.smartptr.shared.cmp]
        • 20.11.3.9 Specialized algorithms[util.smartptr.shared.spec]
        • 20.11.3.10 Casts[util.smartptr.shared.cast]
        • 20.11.3.11 get_­deleter[util.smartptr.getdeleter]
        • 20.11.3.12 I/O[util.smartptr.shared.io]
      • 20.11.4 Class template weak_­ptr[util.smartptr.weak]
        • 20.11.4.1 General[util.smartptr.weak.general]
        • 20.11.4.2 Constructors[util.smartptr.weak.const]
        • 20.11.4.3 Destructor[util.smartptr.weak.dest]
        • 20.11.4.4 Assignment[util.smartptr.weak.assign]
        • 20.11.4.5 Modifiers[util.smartptr.weak.mod]
        • 20.11.4.6 Observers[util.smartptr.weak.obs]
        • 20.11.4.7 Specialized algorithms[util.smartptr.weak.spec]
      • 20.11.5 Class template owner_­less[util.smartptr.ownerless]
      • 20.11.6 Class template enable_­shared_­from_­this[util.smartptr.enab]
      • 20.11.7 Smart pointer hash support[util.smartptr.hash]
    • 20.12 Memory resources[mem.res]
      • 20.12.1 Header <memory_­resource> synopsis[mem.res.syn]
      • 20.12.2 Class memory_­resource[mem.res.class]
        • 20.12.2.1 General[mem.res.class.general]
        • 20.12.2.2 Public member functions[mem.res.public]
        • 20.12.2.3 Private virtual member functions[mem.res.private]
        • 20.12.2.4 Equality[mem.res.eq]
      • 20.12.3 Class template polymorphic_­allocator[mem.poly.allocator.class]
        • 20.12.3.1 General[mem.poly.allocator.class.general]
        • 20.12.3.2 Constructors[mem.poly.allocator.ctor]
        • 20.12.3.3 Member functions[mem.poly.allocator.mem]
        • 20.12.3.4 Equality[mem.poly.allocator.eq]
      • 20.12.4 Access to program-wide memory_­resource objects[mem.res.global]
      • 20.12.5 Pool resource classes[mem.res.pool]
        • 20.12.5.1 Classes synchronized_­pool_­resource and unsynchronized_­pool_­resource[mem.res.pool.overview]
        • 20.12.5.2 pool_­options data members[mem.res.pool.options]
        • 20.12.5.3 Constructors and destructors[mem.res.pool.ctor]
        • 20.12.5.4 Members[mem.res.pool.mem]
      • 20.12.6 Class monotonic_­buffer_­resource[mem.res.monotonic.buffer]
        • 20.12.6.1 General[mem.res.monotonic.buffer.general]
        • 20.12.6.2 Constructors and destructor[mem.res.monotonic.buffer.ctor]
        • 20.12.6.3 Members[mem.res.monotonic.buffer.mem]
    • 20.13 Class template scoped_­allocator_­adaptor[allocator.adaptor]
      • 20.13.1 Header <scoped_­allocator> synopsis[allocator.adaptor.syn]
      • 20.13.2 Member types[allocator.adaptor.types]
      • 20.13.3 Constructors[allocator.adaptor.cnstr]
      • 20.13.4 Members[allocator.adaptor.members]
      • 20.13.5 Operators[scoped.adaptor.operators]
    • 20.14 Function objects[function.objects]
      • 20.14.1 General[function.objects.general]
      • 20.14.2 Header <functional> synopsis[functional.syn]
      • 20.14.3 Definitions[func.def]
      • 20.14.4 Requirements[func.require]
      • 20.14.5 Function template invoke[func.invoke]
      • 20.14.6 Class template reference_­wrapper[refwrap]
        • 20.14.6.1 General[refwrap.general]
        • 20.14.6.2 Constructors and destructor[refwrap.const]
        • 20.14.6.3 Assignment[refwrap.assign]
        • 20.14.6.4 Access[refwrap.access]
        • 20.14.6.5 Invocation[refwrap.invoke]
        • 20.14.6.6 Helper functions[refwrap.helpers]
      • 20.14.7 Arithmetic operations[arithmetic.operations]
        • 20.14.7.1 General[arithmetic.operations.general]
        • 20.14.7.2 Class template plus[arithmetic.operations.plus]
        • 20.14.7.3 Class template minus[arithmetic.operations.minus]
        • 20.14.7.4 Class template multiplies[arithmetic.operations.multiplies]
        • 20.14.7.5 Class template divides[arithmetic.operations.divides]
        • 20.14.7.6 Class template modulus[arithmetic.operations.modulus]
        • 20.14.7.7 Class template negate[arithmetic.operations.negate]
      • 20.14.8 Comparisons[comparisons]
        • 20.14.8.1 General[comparisons.general]
        • 20.14.8.2 Class template equal_­to[comparisons.equal.to]
        • 20.14.8.3 Class template not_­equal_­to[comparisons.not.equal.to]
        • 20.14.8.4 Class template greater[comparisons.greater]
        • 20.14.8.5 Class template less[comparisons.less]
        • 20.14.8.6 Class template greater_­equal[comparisons.greater.equal]
        • 20.14.8.7 Class template less_­equal[comparisons.less.equal]
        • 20.14.8.8 Class compare_­three_­way[comparisons.three.way]
      • 20.14.9 Concept-constrained comparisons[range.cmp]
      • 20.14.10 Logical operations[logical.operations]
        • 20.14.10.1 General[logical.operations.general]
        • 20.14.10.2 Class template logical_­and[logical.operations.and]
        • 20.14.10.3 Class template logical_­or[logical.operations.or]
        • 20.14.10.4 Class template logical_­not[logical.operations.not]
      • 20.14.11 Bitwise operations[bitwise.operations]
        • 20.14.11.1 General[bitwise.operations.general]
        • 20.14.11.2 Class template bit_­and[bitwise.operations.and]
        • 20.14.11.3 Class template bit_­or[bitwise.operations.or]
        • 20.14.11.4 Class template bit_­xor[bitwise.operations.xor]
        • 20.14.11.5 Class template bit_­not[bitwise.operations.not]
      • 20.14.12 Class identity[func.identity]
      • 20.14.13 Function template not_­fn[func.not.fn]
      • 20.14.14 Function template bind_­front[func.bind.front]
      • 20.14.15 Function object binders[func.bind]
        • 20.14.15.1 General[func.bind.general]
        • 20.14.15.2 Class template is_­bind_­expression[func.bind.isbind]
        • 20.14.15.3 Class template is_­placeholder[func.bind.isplace]
        • 20.14.15.4 Function template bind[func.bind.bind]
        • 20.14.15.5 Placeholders[func.bind.place]
      • 20.14.16 Function template mem_­fn[func.memfn]
      • 20.14.17 Polymorphic function wrappers[func.wrap]
        • 20.14.17.1 General[func.wrap.general]
        • 20.14.17.2 Class bad_­function_­call[func.wrap.badcall]
        • 20.14.17.3 Class template function[func.wrap.func]
          • 20.14.17.3.1 General[func.wrap.func.general]
          • 20.14.17.3.2 Constructors and destructor[func.wrap.func.con]
          • 20.14.17.3.3 Modifiers[func.wrap.func.mod]
          • 20.14.17.3.4 Capacity[func.wrap.func.cap]
          • 20.14.17.3.5 Invocation[func.wrap.func.inv]
          • 20.14.17.3.6 Target access[func.wrap.func.targ]
          • 20.14.17.3.7 Null pointer comparison operator functions[func.wrap.func.nullptr]
          • 20.14.17.3.8 Specialized algorithms[func.wrap.func.alg]
      • 20.14.18 Searchers[func.search]
        • 20.14.18.1 General[func.search.general]
        • 20.14.18.2 Class template default_­searcher[func.search.default]
        • 20.14.18.3 Class template boyer_­moore_­searcher[func.search.bm]
        • 20.14.18.4 Class template boyer_­moore_­horspool_­searcher[func.search.bmh]
      • 20.14.19 Class template hash[unord.hash]
    • 20.15 Metaprogramming and type traits[meta]
      • 20.15.1 General[meta.general]
      • 20.15.2 Requirements[meta.rqmts]
      • 20.15.3 Header <type_­traits> synopsis[meta.type.synop]
      • 20.15.4 Helper classes[meta.help]
      • 20.15.5 Unary type traits[meta.unary]
        • 20.15.5.1 General[meta.unary.general]
        • 20.15.5.2 Primary type categories[meta.unary.cat]
        • 20.15.5.3 Composite type traits[meta.unary.comp]
        • 20.15.5.4 Type properties[meta.unary.prop]
      • 20.15.6 Type property queries[meta.unary.prop.query]
      • 20.15.7 Relationships between types[meta.rel]
      • 20.15.8 Transformations between types[meta.trans]
        • 20.15.8.1 General[meta.trans.general]
        • 20.15.8.2 Const-volatile modifications[meta.trans.cv]
        • 20.15.8.3 Reference modifications[meta.trans.ref]
        • 20.15.8.4 Sign modifications[meta.trans.sign]
        • 20.15.8.5 Array modifications[meta.trans.arr]
        • 20.15.8.6 Pointer modifications[meta.trans.ptr]
        • 20.15.8.7 Other transformations[meta.trans.other]
      • 20.15.9 Logical operator traits[meta.logical]
      • 20.15.10 Member relationships[meta.member]
      • 20.15.11 Constant evaluation context[meta.const.eval]
    • 20.16 Compile-time rational arithmetic[ratio]
      • 20.16.1 In general[ratio.general]
      • 20.16.2 Header <ratio> synopsis[ratio.syn]
      • 20.16.3 Class template ratio[ratio.ratio]
      • 20.16.4 Arithmetic on ratios[ratio.arithmetic]
      • 20.16.5 Comparison of ratios[ratio.comparison]
      • 20.16.6 SI types for ratio[ratio.si]
    • 20.17 Class type_­index[type.index]
      • 20.17.1 Header <typeindex> synopsis[type.index.synopsis]
      • 20.17.2 type_­index overview[type.index.overview]
      • 20.17.3 type_­index members[type.index.members]
      • 20.17.4 Hash support[type.index.hash]
    • 20.18 Execution policies[execpol]
      • 20.18.1 In general[execpol.general]
      • 20.18.2 Header <execution> synopsis[execution.syn]
      • 20.18.3 Execution policy type trait[execpol.type]
      • 20.18.4 Sequenced execution policy[execpol.seq]
      • 20.18.5 Parallel execution policy[execpol.par]
      • 20.18.6 Parallel and unsequenced execution policy[execpol.parunseq]
      • 20.18.7 Unsequenced execution policy[execpol.unseq]
      • 20.18.8 Execution policy objects[execpol.objects]
    • 20.19 Primitive numeric conversions[charconv]
      • 20.19.1 Header <charconv> synopsis[charconv.syn]
      • 20.19.2 Primitive numeric output conversion[charconv.to.chars]
      • 20.19.3 Primitive numeric input conversion[charconv.from.chars]
    • 20.20 Formatting[format]
      • 20.20.1 Header <format> synopsis[format.syn]
      • 20.20.2 Format string[format.string]
        • 20.20.2.1 In general[format.string.general]
        • 20.20.2.2 Standard format specifiers[format.string.std]
      • 20.20.3 Error reporting[format.err.report]
      • 20.20.4 Formatting functions[format.functions]
      • 20.20.5 Formatter[format.formatter]
        • 20.20.5.1 Formatter requirements[formatter.requirements]
        • 20.20.5.2 Formatter specializations[format.formatter.spec]
        • 20.20.5.3 Class template basic_­format_­parse_­context[format.parse.ctx]
        • 20.20.5.4 Class template basic_­format_­context[format.context]
      • 20.20.6 Arguments[format.arguments]
        • 20.20.6.1 Class template basic_­format_­arg[format.arg]
        • 20.20.6.2 Class template format-arg-store[format.arg.store]
        • 20.20.6.3 Class template basic_­format_­args[format.args]
      • 20.20.7 Class format_­error[format.error]
  • 21 Strings library[strings]
    • 21.1 General[strings.general]
    • 21.2 Character traits[char.traits]
      • 21.2.1 General[char.traits.general]
      • 21.2.2 Character traits requirements[char.traits.require]
      • 21.2.3 Traits typedefs[char.traits.typedefs]
      • 21.2.4 char_­traits specializations[char.traits.specializations]
        • 21.2.4.1 General[char.traits.specializations.general]
        • 21.2.4.2 struct char_­traits<char>[char.traits.specializations.char]
        • 21.2.4.3 struct char_­traits<char8_­t>[char.traits.specializations.char8.t]
        • 21.2.4.4 struct char_­traits<char16_­t>[char.traits.specializations.char16.t]
        • 21.2.4.5 struct char_­traits<char32_­t>[char.traits.specializations.char32.t]
        • 21.2.4.6 struct char_­traits<wchar_­t>[char.traits.specializations.wchar.t]
    • 21.3 String classes[string.classes]
      • 21.3.1 General[string.classes.general]
      • 21.3.2 Header <string> synopsis[string.syn]
      • 21.3.3 Class template basic_­string[basic.string]
        • 21.3.3.1 General[basic.string.general]
        • 21.3.3.2 General requirements[string.require]
        • 21.3.3.3 Constructors and assignment operators[string.cons]
        • 21.3.3.4 Iterator support[string.iterators]
        • 21.3.3.5 Capacity[string.capacity]
        • 21.3.3.6 Element access[string.access]
        • 21.3.3.7 Modifiers[string.modifiers]
          • 21.3.3.7.1 basic_­string​::​operator+=[string.op.append]
          • 21.3.3.7.2 basic_­string​::​append[string.append]
          • 21.3.3.7.3 basic_­string​::​assign[string.assign]
          • 21.3.3.7.4 basic_­string​::​insert[string.insert]
          • 21.3.3.7.5 basic_­string​::​erase[string.erase]
          • 21.3.3.7.6 basic_­string​::​replace[string.replace]
          • 21.3.3.7.7 basic_­string​::​copy[string.copy]
          • 21.3.3.7.8 basic_­string​::​swap[string.swap]
        • 21.3.3.8 String operations[string.ops]
          • 21.3.3.8.1 Accessors[string.accessors]
          • 21.3.3.8.2 Searching[string.find]
          • 21.3.3.8.3 basic_­string​::​substr[string.substr]
          • 21.3.3.8.4 basic_­string​::​compare[string.compare]
          • 21.3.3.8.5 basic_­string​::​starts_­with[string.starts.with]
          • 21.3.3.8.6 basic_­string​::​ends_­with[string.ends.with]
      • 21.3.4 Non-member functions[string.nonmembers]
        • 21.3.4.1 operator+[string.op.plus]
        • 21.3.4.2 Non-member comparison operator functions[string.cmp]
        • 21.3.4.3 swap[string.special]
        • 21.3.4.4 Inserters and extractors[string.io]
        • 21.3.4.5 Erasure[string.erasure]
      • 21.3.5 Numeric conversions[string.conversions]
      • 21.3.6 Hash support[basic.string.hash]
      • 21.3.7 Suffix for basic_­string literals[basic.string.literals]
    • 21.4 String view classes[string.view]
      • 21.4.1 General[string.view.general]
      • 21.4.2 Header <string_­view> synopsis[string.view.synop]
      • 21.4.3 Class template basic_­string_­view[string.view.template]
        • 21.4.3.1 General[string.view.template.general]
        • 21.4.3.2 Construction and assignment[string.view.cons]
        • 21.4.3.3 Iterator support[string.view.iterators]
        • 21.4.3.4 Capacity[string.view.capacity]
        • 21.4.3.5 Element access[string.view.access]
        • 21.4.3.6 Modifiers[string.view.modifiers]
        • 21.4.3.7 String operations[string.view.ops]
        • 21.4.3.8 Searching[string.view.find]
      • 21.4.4 Deduction guide[string.view.deduct]
      • 21.4.5 Non-member comparison functions[string.view.comparison]
      • 21.4.6 Inserters and extractors[string.view.io]
      • 21.4.7 Hash support[string.view.hash]
      • 21.4.8 Suffix for basic_­string_­view literals[string.view.literals]
    • 21.5 Null-terminated sequence utilities[c.strings]
      • 21.5.1 Header <cctype> synopsis[cctype.syn]
      • 21.5.2 Header <cwctype> synopsis[cwctype.syn]
      • 21.5.3 Header <cstring> synopsis[cstring.syn]
      • 21.5.4 Header <cwchar> synopsis[cwchar.syn]
      • 21.5.5 Header <cuchar> synopsis[cuchar.syn]
      • 21.5.6 Multibyte / wide string and character conversion functions[c.mb.wcs]
  • 22 Containers library[containers]
    • 22.1 General[containers.general]
    • 22.2 Container requirements[container.requirements]
      • 22.2.1 General container requirements[container.requirements.general]
      • 22.2.2 Container data races[container.requirements.dataraces]
      • 22.2.3 Sequence containers[sequence.reqmts]
      • 22.2.4 Node handles[container.node]
        • 22.2.4.1 Overview[container.node.overview]
        • 22.2.4.2 Constructors, copy, and assignment[container.node.cons]
        • 22.2.4.3 Destructor[container.node.dtor]
        • 22.2.4.4 Observers[container.node.observers]
        • 22.2.4.5 Modifiers[container.node.modifiers]
      • 22.2.5 Insert return type[container.insert.return]
      • 22.2.6 Associative containers[associative.reqmts]
        • 22.2.6.1 General[associative.reqmts.general]
        • 22.2.6.2 Exception safety guarantees[associative.reqmts.except]
      • 22.2.7 Unordered associative containers[unord.req]
        • 22.2.7.1 General[unord.req.general]
        • 22.2.7.2 Exception safety guarantees[unord.req.except]
    • 22.3 Sequence containers[sequences]
      • 22.3.1 In general[sequences.general]
      • 22.3.2 Header <array> synopsis[array.syn]
      • 22.3.3 Header <deque> synopsis[deque.syn]
      • 22.3.4 Header <forward_­list> synopsis[forward.list.syn]
      • 22.3.5 Header <list> synopsis[list.syn]
      • 22.3.6 Header <vector> synopsis[vector.syn]
      • 22.3.7 Class template array[array]
        • 22.3.7.1 Overview[array.overview]
        • 22.3.7.2 Constructors, copy, and assignment[array.cons]
        • 22.3.7.3 Member functions[array.members]
        • 22.3.7.4 Specialized algorithms[array.special]
        • 22.3.7.5 Zero-sized arrays[array.zero]
        • 22.3.7.6 Array creation functions[array.creation]
        • 22.3.7.7 Tuple interface[array.tuple]
      • 22.3.8 Class template deque[deque]
        • 22.3.8.1 Overview[deque.overview]
        • 22.3.8.2 Constructors, copy, and assignment[deque.cons]
        • 22.3.8.3 Capacity[deque.capacity]
        • 22.3.8.4 Modifiers[deque.modifiers]
        • 22.3.8.5 Erasure[deque.erasure]
      • 22.3.9 Class template forward_­list[forwardlist]
        • 22.3.9.1 Overview[forwardlist.overview]
        • 22.3.9.2 Constructors, copy, and assignment[forwardlist.cons]
        • 22.3.9.3 Iterators[forwardlist.iter]
        • 22.3.9.4 Element access[forwardlist.access]
        • 22.3.9.5 Modifiers[forwardlist.modifiers]
        • 22.3.9.6 Operations[forwardlist.ops]
        • 22.3.9.7 Erasure[forward.list.erasure]
      • 22.3.10 Class template list[list]
        • 22.3.10.1 Overview[list.overview]
        • 22.3.10.2 Constructors, copy, and assignment[list.cons]
        • 22.3.10.3 Capacity[list.capacity]
        • 22.3.10.4 Modifiers[list.modifiers]
        • 22.3.10.5 Operations[list.ops]
        • 22.3.10.6 Erasure[list.erasure]
      • 22.3.11 Class template vector[vector]
        • 22.3.11.1 Overview[vector.overview]
        • 22.3.11.2 Constructors[vector.cons]
        • 22.3.11.3 Capacity[vector.capacity]
        • 22.3.11.4 Data[vector.data]
        • 22.3.11.5 Modifiers[vector.modifiers]
        • 22.3.11.6 Erasure[vector.erasure]
      • 22.3.12 Class vector<bool>[vector.bool]
    • 22.4 Associative containers[associative]
      • 22.4.1 In general[associative.general]
      • 22.4.2 Header <map> synopsis[associative.map.syn]
      • 22.4.3 Header <set> synopsis[associative.set.syn]
      • 22.4.4 Class template map[map]
        • 22.4.4.1 Overview[map.overview]
        • 22.4.4.2 Constructors, copy, and assignment[map.cons]
        • 22.4.4.3 Element access[map.access]
        • 22.4.4.4 Modifiers[map.modifiers]
        • 22.4.4.5 Erasure[map.erasure]
      • 22.4.5 Class template multimap[multimap]
        • 22.4.5.1 Overview[multimap.overview]
        • 22.4.5.2 Constructors[multimap.cons]
        • 22.4.5.3 Modifiers[multimap.modifiers]
        • 22.4.5.4 Erasure[multimap.erasure]
      • 22.4.6 Class template set[set]
        • 22.4.6.1 Overview[set.overview]
        • 22.4.6.2 Constructors, copy, and assignment[set.cons]
        • 22.4.6.3 Erasure[set.erasure]
      • 22.4.7 Class template multiset[multiset]
        • 22.4.7.1 Overview[multiset.overview]
        • 22.4.7.2 Constructors[multiset.cons]
        • 22.4.7.3 Erasure[multiset.erasure]
    • 22.5 Unordered associative containers[unord]
      • 22.5.1 In general[unord.general]
      • 22.5.2 Header <unordered_­map> synopsis[unord.map.syn]
      • 22.5.3 Header <unordered_­set> synopsis[unord.set.syn]
      • 22.5.4 Class template unordered_­map[unord.map]
        • 22.5.4.1 Overview[unord.map.overview]
        • 22.5.4.2 Constructors[unord.map.cnstr]
        • 22.5.4.3 Element access[unord.map.elem]
        • 22.5.4.4 Modifiers[unord.map.modifiers]
        • 22.5.4.5 Erasure[unord.map.erasure]
      • 22.5.5 Class template unordered_­multimap[unord.multimap]
        • 22.5.5.1 Overview[unord.multimap.overview]
        • 22.5.5.2 Constructors[unord.multimap.cnstr]
        • 22.5.5.3 Modifiers[unord.multimap.modifiers]
        • 22.5.5.4 Erasure[unord.multimap.erasure]
      • 22.5.6 Class template unordered_­set[unord.set]
        • 22.5.6.1 Overview[unord.set.overview]
        • 22.5.6.2 Constructors[unord.set.cnstr]
        • 22.5.6.3 Erasure[unord.set.erasure]
      • 22.5.7 Class template unordered_­multiset[unord.multiset]
        • 22.5.7.1 Overview[unord.multiset.overview]
        • 22.5.7.2 Constructors[unord.multiset.cnstr]
        • 22.5.7.3 Erasure[unord.multiset.erasure]
    • 22.6 Container adaptors[container.adaptors]
      • 22.6.1 In general[container.adaptors.general]
      • 22.6.2 Header <queue> synopsis[queue.syn]
      • 22.6.3 Header <stack> synopsis[stack.syn]
      • 22.6.4 Class template queue[queue]
        • 22.6.4.1 Definition[queue.defn]
        • 22.6.4.2 Constructors[queue.cons]
        • 22.6.4.3 Constructors with allocators[queue.cons.alloc]
        • 22.6.4.4 Operators[queue.ops]
        • 22.6.4.5 Specialized algorithms[queue.special]
      • 22.6.5 Class template priority_­queue[priority.queue]
        • 22.6.5.1 Overview[priqueue.overview]
        • 22.6.5.2 Constructors[priqueue.cons]
        • 22.6.5.3 Constructors with allocators[priqueue.cons.alloc]
        • 22.6.5.4 Members[priqueue.members]
        • 22.6.5.5 Specialized algorithms[priqueue.special]
      • 22.6.6 Class template stack[stack]
        • 22.6.6.1 General[stack.general]
        • 22.6.6.2 Definition[stack.defn]
        • 22.6.6.3 Constructors[stack.cons]
        • 22.6.6.4 Constructors with allocators[stack.cons.alloc]
        • 22.6.6.5 Operators[stack.ops]
        • 22.6.6.6 Specialized algorithms[stack.special]
    • 22.7 Views[views]
      • 22.7.1 General[views.general]
      • 22.7.2 Header synopsis[span.syn]
      • 22.7.3 Class template span[views.span]
        • 22.7.3.1 Overview[span.overview]
        • 22.7.3.2 Constructors, copy, and assignment[span.cons]
        • 22.7.3.3 Deduction guides[span.deduct]
        • 22.7.3.4 Subviews[span.sub]
        • 22.7.3.5 Observers[span.obs]
        • 22.7.3.6 Element access[span.elem]
        • 22.7.3.7 Iterator support[span.iterators]
        • 22.7.3.8 Views of object representation[span.objectrep]
  • 23 Iterators library[iterators]
    • 23.1 General[iterators.general]
    • 23.2 Header <iterator> synopsis[iterator.synopsis]
    • 23.3 Iterator requirements[iterator.requirements]
      • 23.3.1 In general[iterator.requirements.general]
      • 23.3.2 Associated types[iterator.assoc.types]
        • 23.3.2.1 Incrementable traits[incrementable.traits]
        • 23.3.2.2 Indirectly readable traits[readable.traits]
        • 23.3.2.3 Iterator traits[iterator.traits]
      • 23.3.3 Customization point objects[iterator.cust]
        • 23.3.3.1 ranges​::​iter_­move[iterator.cust.move]
        • 23.3.3.2 ranges​::​iter_­swap[iterator.cust.swap]
      • 23.3.4 Iterator concepts[iterator.concepts]
        • 23.3.4.1 General[iterator.concepts.general]
        • 23.3.4.2 Concept indirectly_­readable[iterator.concept.readable]
        • 23.3.4.3 Concept indirectly_­writable[iterator.concept.writable]
        • 23.3.4.4 Concept weakly_­incrementable[iterator.concept.winc]
        • 23.3.4.5 Concept incrementable[iterator.concept.inc]
        • 23.3.4.6 Concept input_­or_­output_­iterator[iterator.concept.iterator]
        • 23.3.4.7 Concept sentinel_­for[iterator.concept.sentinel]
        • 23.3.4.8 Concept sized_­sentinel_­for[iterator.concept.sizedsentinel]
        • 23.3.4.9 Concept input_­iterator[iterator.concept.input]
        • 23.3.4.10 Concept output_­iterator[iterator.concept.output]
        • 23.3.4.11 Concept forward_­iterator[iterator.concept.forward]
        • 23.3.4.12 Concept bidirectional_­iterator[iterator.concept.bidir]
        • 23.3.4.13 Concept random_­access_­iterator[iterator.concept.random.access]
        • 23.3.4.14 Concept contiguous_­iterator[iterator.concept.contiguous]
      • 23.3.5 C++17 iterator requirements[iterator.cpp17]
        • 23.3.5.1 General[iterator.cpp17.general]
        • 23.3.5.2 Cpp17Iterator[iterator.iterators]
        • 23.3.5.3 Input iterators[input.iterators]
        • 23.3.5.4 Output iterators[output.iterators]
        • 23.3.5.5 Forward iterators[forward.iterators]
        • 23.3.5.6 Bidirectional iterators[bidirectional.iterators]
        • 23.3.5.7 Random access iterators[random.access.iterators]
      • 23.3.6 Indirect callable requirements[indirectcallable]
        • 23.3.6.1 General[indirectcallable.general]
        • 23.3.6.2 Indirect callables[indirectcallable.indirectinvocable]
        • 23.3.6.3 Class template projected[projected]
      • 23.3.7 Common algorithm requirements[alg.req]
        • 23.3.7.1 General[alg.req.general]
        • 23.3.7.2 Concept indirectly_­movable[alg.req.ind.move]
        • 23.3.7.3 Concept indirectly_­copyable[alg.req.ind.copy]
        • 23.3.7.4 Concept indirectly_­swappable[alg.req.ind.swap]
        • 23.3.7.5 Concept indirectly_­comparable[alg.req.ind.cmp]
        • 23.3.7.6 Concept permutable[alg.req.permutable]
        • 23.3.7.7 Concept mergeable[alg.req.mergeable]
        • 23.3.7.8 Concept sortable[alg.req.sortable]
    • 23.4 Iterator primitives[iterator.primitives]
      • 23.4.1 General[iterator.primitives.general]
      • 23.4.2 Standard iterator tags[std.iterator.tags]
      • 23.4.3 Iterator operations[iterator.operations]
      • 23.4.4 Range iterator operations[range.iter.ops]
        • 23.4.4.1 General[range.iter.ops.general]
        • 23.4.4.2 ranges​::​advance[range.iter.op.advance]
        • 23.4.4.3 ranges​::​distance[range.iter.op.distance]
        • 23.4.4.4 ranges​::​next[range.iter.op.next]
        • 23.4.4.5 ranges​::​prev[range.iter.op.prev]
    • 23.5 Iterator adaptors[predef.iterators]
      • 23.5.1 Reverse iterators[reverse.iterators]
        • 23.5.1.1 General[reverse.iterators.general]
        • 23.5.1.2 Class template reverse_­iterator[reverse.iterator]
        • 23.5.1.3 Requirements[reverse.iter.requirements]
        • 23.5.1.4 Construction and assignment[reverse.iter.cons]
        • 23.5.1.5 Conversion[reverse.iter.conv]
        • 23.5.1.6 Element access[reverse.iter.elem]
        • 23.5.1.7 Navigation[reverse.iter.nav]
        • 23.5.1.8 Comparisons[reverse.iter.cmp]
        • 23.5.1.9 Non-member functions[reverse.iter.nonmember]
      • 23.5.2 Insert iterators[insert.iterators]
        • 23.5.2.1 General[insert.iterators.general]
        • 23.5.2.2 Class template back_­insert_­iterator[back.insert.iterator]
          • 23.5.2.2.1 Operations[back.insert.iter.ops]
          • 23.5.2.2.2 back_­inserter[back.inserter]
        • 23.5.2.3 Class template front_­insert_­iterator[front.insert.iterator]
          • 23.5.2.3.1 Operations[front.insert.iter.ops]
          • 23.5.2.3.2 front_­inserter[front.inserter]
        • 23.5.2.4 Class template insert_­iterator[insert.iterator]
          • 23.5.2.4.1 Operations[insert.iter.ops]
          • 23.5.2.4.2 inserter[inserter]
      • 23.5.3 Move iterators and sentinels[move.iterators]
        • 23.5.3.1 General[move.iterators.general]
        • 23.5.3.2 Class template move_­iterator[move.iterator]
        • 23.5.3.3 Requirements[move.iter.requirements]
        • 23.5.3.4 Construction and assignment[move.iter.cons]
        • 23.5.3.5 Conversion[move.iter.op.conv]
        • 23.5.3.6 Element access[move.iter.elem]
        • 23.5.3.7 Navigation[move.iter.nav]
        • 23.5.3.8 Comparisons[move.iter.op.comp]
        • 23.5.3.9 Non-member functions[move.iter.nonmember]
        • 23.5.3.10 Class template move_­sentinel[move.sentinel]
        • 23.5.3.11 Operations[move.sent.ops]
      • 23.5.4 Common iterators[iterators.common]
        • 23.5.4.1 Class template common_­iterator[common.iterator]
        • 23.5.4.2 Associated types[common.iter.types]
        • 23.5.4.3 Constructors and conversions[common.iter.const]
        • 23.5.4.4 Accessors[common.iter.access]
        • 23.5.4.5 Navigation[common.iter.nav]
        • 23.5.4.6 Comparisons[common.iter.cmp]
        • 23.5.4.7 Customizations[common.iter.cust]
      • 23.5.5 Default sentinel[default.sentinel]
      • 23.5.6 Counted iterators[iterators.counted]
        • 23.5.6.1 Class template counted_­iterator[counted.iterator]
        • 23.5.6.2 Constructors and conversions[counted.iter.const]
        • 23.5.6.3 Accessors[counted.iter.access]
        • 23.5.6.4 Element access[counted.iter.elem]
        • 23.5.6.5 Navigation[counted.iter.nav]
        • 23.5.6.6 Comparisons[counted.iter.cmp]
        • 23.5.6.7 Customizations[counted.iter.cust]
      • 23.5.7 Unreachable sentinel[unreachable.sentinel]
    • 23.6 Stream iterators[stream.iterators]
      • 23.6.1 General[stream.iterators.general]
      • 23.6.2 Class template istream_­iterator[istream.iterator]
        • 23.6.2.1 General[istream.iterator.general]
        • 23.6.2.2 Constructors and destructor[istream.iterator.cons]
        • 23.6.2.3 Operations[istream.iterator.ops]
      • 23.6.3 Class template ostream_­iterator[ostream.iterator]
        • 23.6.3.1 General[ostream.iterator.general]
        • 23.6.3.2 Constructors and destructor[ostream.iterator.cons.des]
        • 23.6.3.3 Operations[ostream.iterator.ops]
      • 23.6.4 Class template istreambuf_­iterator[istreambuf.iterator]
        • 23.6.4.1 General[istreambuf.iterator.general]
        • 23.6.4.2 Class istreambuf_­iterator​::​proxy[istreambuf.iterator.proxy]
        • 23.6.4.3 Constructors[istreambuf.iterator.cons]
        • 23.6.4.4 Operations[istreambuf.iterator.ops]
      • 23.6.5 Class template ostreambuf_­iterator[ostreambuf.iterator]
        • 23.6.5.1 General[ostreambuf.iterator.general]
        • 23.6.5.2 Constructors[ostreambuf.iter.cons]
        • 23.6.5.3 Operations[ostreambuf.iter.ops]
    • 23.7 Range access[iterator.range]
  • 24 Ranges library[ranges]
    • 24.1 General[ranges.general]
    • 24.2 Header <ranges> synopsis[ranges.syn]
    • 24.3 Range access[range.access]
      • 24.3.1 General[range.access.general]
      • 24.3.2 ranges​::​begin[range.access.begin]
      • 24.3.3 ranges​::​end[range.access.end]
      • 24.3.4 ranges​::​cbegin[range.access.cbegin]
      • 24.3.5 ranges​::​cend[range.access.cend]
      • 24.3.6 ranges​::​rbegin[range.access.rbegin]
      • 24.3.7 ranges​::​rend[range.access.rend]
      • 24.3.8 ranges​::​crbegin[range.access.crbegin]
      • 24.3.9 ranges​::​crend[range.access.crend]
      • 24.3.10 ranges​::​size[range.prim.size]
      • 24.3.11 ranges​::​ssize[range.prim.ssize]
      • 24.3.12 ranges​::​empty[range.prim.empty]
      • 24.3.13 ranges​::​data[range.prim.data]
      • 24.3.14 ranges​::​cdata[range.prim.cdata]
    • 24.4 Range requirements[range.req]
      • 24.4.1 General[range.req.general]
      • 24.4.2 Ranges[range.range]
      • 24.4.3 Sized ranges[range.sized]
      • 24.4.4 Views[range.view]
      • 24.4.5 Other range refinements[range.refinements]
    • 24.5 Range utilities[range.utility]
      • 24.5.1 General[range.utility.general]
      • 24.5.2 Helper concepts[range.utility.helpers]
      • 24.5.3 View interface[view.interface]
        • 24.5.3.1 General[view.interface.general]
        • 24.5.3.2 Members[view.interface.members]
      • 24.5.4 Sub-ranges[range.subrange]
        • 24.5.4.1 General[range.subrange.general]
        • 24.5.4.2 Constructors and conversions[range.subrange.ctor]
        • 24.5.4.3 Accessors[range.subrange.access]
      • 24.5.5 Dangling iterator handling[range.dangling]
    • 24.6 Range factories[range.factories]
      • 24.6.1 General[range.factories.general]
      • 24.6.2 Empty view[range.empty]
        • 24.6.2.1 Overview[range.empty.overview]
        • 24.6.2.2 Class template empty_­view[range.empty.view]
      • 24.6.3 Single view[range.single]
        • 24.6.3.1 Overview[range.single.overview]
        • 24.6.3.2 Class template single_­view[range.single.view]
      • 24.6.4 Iota view[range.iota]
        • 24.6.4.1 Overview[range.iota.overview]
        • 24.6.4.2 Class template iota_­view[range.iota.view]
        • 24.6.4.3 Class iota_­view​::​iterator[range.iota.iterator]
        • 24.6.4.4 Class iota_­view​::​sentinel[range.iota.sentinel]
      • 24.6.5 Istream view[range.istream]
        • 24.6.5.1 Overview[range.istream.overview]
        • 24.6.5.2 Class template basic_­istream_­view[range.istream.view]
        • 24.6.5.3 Class template basic_­istream_­view​::​iterator[range.istream.iterator]
    • 24.7 Range adaptors[range.adaptors]
      • 24.7.1 General[range.adaptors.general]
      • 24.7.2 Range adaptor objects[range.adaptor.object]
      • 24.7.3 Semiregular wrapper[range.semi.wrap]
      • 24.7.4 All view[range.all]
        • 24.7.4.1 General[range.all.general]
        • 24.7.4.2 Class template ref_­view[range.ref.view]
      • 24.7.5 Filter view[range.filter]
        • 24.7.5.1 Overview[range.filter.overview]
        • 24.7.5.2 Class template filter_­view[range.filter.view]
        • 24.7.5.3 Class filter_­view​::​iterator[range.filter.iterator]
        • 24.7.5.4 Class filter_­view​::​sentinel[range.filter.sentinel]
      • 24.7.6 Transform view[range.transform]
        • 24.7.6.1 Overview[range.transform.overview]
        • 24.7.6.2 Class template transform_­view[range.transform.view]
        • 24.7.6.3 Class template transform_­view​::​iterator[range.transform.iterator]
        • 24.7.6.4 Class template transform_­view​::​sentinel[range.transform.sentinel]
      • 24.7.7 Take view[range.take]
        • 24.7.7.1 Overview[range.take.overview]
        • 24.7.7.2 Class template take_­view[range.take.view]
        • 24.7.7.3 Class template take_­view​::​sentinel[range.take.sentinel]
      • 24.7.8 Take while view[range.take.while]
        • 24.7.8.1 Overview[range.take.while.overview]
        • 24.7.8.2 Class template take_­while_­view[range.take.while.view]
        • 24.7.8.3 Class template take_­while_­view​::​sentinel[range.take.while.sentinel]
      • 24.7.9 Drop view[range.drop]
        • 24.7.9.1 Overview[range.drop.overview]
        • 24.7.9.2 Class template drop_­view[range.drop.view]
      • 24.7.10 Drop while view[range.drop.while]
        • 24.7.10.1 Overview[range.drop.while.overview]
        • 24.7.10.2 Class template drop_­while_­view[range.drop.while.view]
      • 24.7.11 Join view[range.join]
        • 24.7.11.1 Overview[range.join.overview]
        • 24.7.11.2 Class template join_­view[range.join.view]
        • 24.7.11.3 Class template join_­view​::​iterator[range.join.iterator]
        • 24.7.11.4 Class template join_­view​::​sentinel[range.join.sentinel]
      • 24.7.12 Split view[range.split]
        • 24.7.12.1 Overview[range.split.overview]
        • 24.7.12.2 Class template split_­view[range.split.view]
        • 24.7.12.3 Class template split_­view​::​outer-iterator[range.split.outer]
        • 24.7.12.4 Class split_­view​::​outer-iterator​::​value_­type[range.split.outer.value]
        • 24.7.12.5 Class template split_­view​::​inner-iterator[range.split.inner]
      • 24.7.13 Counted view[range.counted]
      • 24.7.14 Common view[range.common]
        • 24.7.14.1 Overview[range.common.overview]
        • 24.7.14.2 Class template common_­view[range.common.view]
      • 24.7.15 Reverse view[range.reverse]
        • 24.7.15.1 Overview[range.reverse.overview]
        • 24.7.15.2 Class template reverse_­view[range.reverse.view]
      • 24.7.16 Elements view[range.elements]
        • 24.7.16.1 Overview[range.elements.overview]
        • 24.7.16.2 Class template elements_­view[range.elements.view]
        • 24.7.16.3 Class template elements_­view​::​iterator[range.elements.iterator]
        • 24.7.16.4 Class template elements_­view​::​sentinel[range.elements.sentinel]
  • 25 Algorithms library[algorithms]
    • 25.1 General[algorithms.general]
    • 25.2 Algorithms requirements[algorithms.requirements]
    • 25.3 Parallel algorithms[algorithms.parallel]
      • 25.3.1 Preamble[algorithms.parallel.defns]
      • 25.3.2 Requirements on user-provided function objects[algorithms.parallel.user]
      • 25.3.3 Effect of execution policies on algorithm execution[algorithms.parallel.exec]
      • 25.3.4 Parallel algorithm exceptions[algorithms.parallel.exceptions]
      • 25.3.5 ExecutionPolicy algorithm overloads[algorithms.parallel.overloads]
    • 25.4 Header <algorithm> synopsis[algorithm.syn]
    • 25.5 Algorithm result types[algorithms.results]
    • 25.6 Non-modifying sequence operations[alg.nonmodifying]
      • 25.6.1 All of[alg.all.of]
      • 25.6.2 Any of[alg.any.of]
      • 25.6.3 None of[alg.none.of]
      • 25.6.4 For each[alg.foreach]
      • 25.6.5 Find[alg.find]
      • 25.6.6 Find end[alg.find.end]
      • 25.6.7 Find first[alg.find.first.of]
      • 25.6.8 Adjacent find[alg.adjacent.find]
      • 25.6.9 Count[alg.count]
      • 25.6.10 Mismatch[mismatch]
      • 25.6.11 Equal[alg.equal]
      • 25.6.12 Is permutation[alg.is.permutation]
      • 25.6.13 Search[alg.search]
    • 25.7 Mutating sequence operations[alg.modifying.operations]
      • 25.7.1 Copy[alg.copy]
      • 25.7.2 Move[alg.move]
      • 25.7.3 Swap[alg.swap]
      • 25.7.4 Transform[alg.transform]
      • 25.7.5 Replace[alg.replace]
      • 25.7.6 Fill[alg.fill]
      • 25.7.7 Generate[alg.generate]
      • 25.7.8 Remove[alg.remove]
      • 25.7.9 Unique[alg.unique]
      • 25.7.10 Reverse[alg.reverse]
      • 25.7.11 Rotate[alg.rotate]
      • 25.7.12 Sample[alg.random.sample]
      • 25.7.13 Shuffle[alg.random.shuffle]
      • 25.7.14 Shift[alg.shift]
    • 25.8 Sorting and related operations[alg.sorting]
      • 25.8.1 General[alg.sorting.general]
      • 25.8.2 Sorting[alg.sort]
        • 25.8.2.1 sort[sort]
        • 25.8.2.2 stable_­sort[stable.sort]
        • 25.8.2.3 partial_­sort[partial.sort]
        • 25.8.2.4 partial_­sort_­copy[partial.sort.copy]
        • 25.8.2.5 is_­sorted[is.sorted]
      • 25.8.3 Nth element[alg.nth.element]
      • 25.8.4 Binary search[alg.binary.search]
        • 25.8.4.1 General[alg.binary.search.general]
        • 25.8.4.2 lower_­bound[lower.bound]
        • 25.8.4.3 upper_­bound[upper.bound]
        • 25.8.4.4 equal_­range[equal.range]
        • 25.8.4.5 binary_­search[binary.search]
      • 25.8.5 Partitions[alg.partitions]
      • 25.8.6 Merge[alg.merge]
      • 25.8.7 Set operations on sorted structures[alg.set.operations]
        • 25.8.7.1 General[alg.set.operations.general]
        • 25.8.7.2 includes[includes]
        • 25.8.7.3 set_­union[set.union]
        • 25.8.7.4 set_­intersection[set.intersection]
        • 25.8.7.5 set_­difference[set.difference]
        • 25.8.7.6 set_­symmetric_­difference[set.symmetric.difference]
      • 25.8.8 Heap operations[alg.heap.operations]
        • 25.8.8.1 General[alg.heap.operations.general]
        • 25.8.8.2 push_­heap[push.heap]
        • 25.8.8.3 pop_­heap[pop.heap]
        • 25.8.8.4 make_­heap[make.heap]
        • 25.8.8.5 sort_­heap[sort.heap]
        • 25.8.8.6 is_­heap[is.heap]
      • 25.8.9 Minimum and maximum[alg.min.max]
      • 25.8.10 Bounded value[alg.clamp]
      • 25.8.11 Lexicographical comparison[alg.lex.comparison]
      • 25.8.12 Three-way comparison algorithms[alg.three.way]
      • 25.8.13 Permutation generators[alg.permutation.generators]
    • 25.9 Header <numeric> synopsis[numeric.ops.overview]
    • 25.10 Generalized numeric operations[numeric.ops]
      • 25.10.1 General[numeric.ops.general]
      • 25.10.2 Definitions[numerics.defns]
      • 25.10.3 Accumulate[accumulate]
      • 25.10.4 Reduce[reduce]
      • 25.10.5 Inner product[inner.product]
      • 25.10.6 Transform reduce[transform.reduce]
      • 25.10.7 Partial sum[partial.sum]
      • 25.10.8 Exclusive scan[exclusive.scan]
      • 25.10.9 Inclusive scan[inclusive.scan]
      • 25.10.10 Transform exclusive scan[transform.exclusive.scan]
      • 25.10.11 Transform inclusive scan[transform.inclusive.scan]
      • 25.10.12 Adjacent difference[adjacent.difference]
      • 25.10.13 Iota[numeric.iota]
      • 25.10.14 Greatest common divisor[numeric.ops.gcd]
      • 25.10.15 Least common multiple[numeric.ops.lcm]
      • 25.10.16 Midpoint[numeric.ops.midpoint]
    • 25.11 Specialized <memory> algorithms[specialized.algorithms]
      • 25.11.1 General[specialized.algorithms.general]
      • 25.11.2 Special memory concepts[special.mem.concepts]
      • 25.11.3 uninitialized_­default_­construct[uninitialized.construct.default]
      • 25.11.4 uninitialized_­value_­construct[uninitialized.construct.value]
      • 25.11.5 uninitialized_­copy[uninitialized.copy]
      • 25.11.6 uninitialized_­move[uninitialized.move]
      • 25.11.7 uninitialized_­fill[uninitialized.fill]
      • 25.11.8 construct_­at[specialized.construct]
      • 25.11.9 destroy[specialized.destroy]
    • 25.12 C library algorithms[alg.c.library]
  • 26 Numerics library[numerics]
    • 26.1 General[numerics.general]
    • 26.2 Numeric type requirements[numeric.requirements]
    • 26.3 The floating-point environment[cfenv]
      • 26.3.1 Header <cfenv> synopsis[cfenv.syn]
      • 26.3.2 Threads[cfenv.thread]
    • 26.4 Complex numbers[complex.numbers]
      • 26.4.1 General[complex.numbers.general]
      • 26.4.2 Header <complex> synopsis[complex.syn]
      • 26.4.3 Class template complex[complex]
      • 26.4.4 Specializations[complex.special]
      • 26.4.5 Member functions[complex.members]
      • 26.4.6 Member operators[complex.member.ops]
      • 26.4.7 Non-member operations[complex.ops]
      • 26.4.8 Value operations[complex.value.ops]
      • 26.4.9 Transcendentals[complex.transcendentals]
      • 26.4.10 Additional overloads[cmplx.over]
      • 26.4.11 Suffixes for complex number literals[complex.literals]
    • 26.5 Bit manipulation[bit]
      • 26.5.1 General[bit.general]
      • 26.5.2 Header <bit> synopsis[bit.syn]
      • 26.5.3 Function template bit_­cast[bit.cast]
      • 26.5.4 Integral powers of 2[bit.pow.two]
      • 26.5.5 Rotating[bit.rotate]
      • 26.5.6 Counting[bit.count]
      • 26.5.7 Endian[bit.endian]
    • 26.6 Random number generation[rand]
      • 26.6.1 General[rand.general]
      • 26.6.2 Header <random> synopsis[rand.synopsis]
      • 26.6.3 Requirements[rand.req]
        • 26.6.3.1 General requirements[rand.req.genl]
        • 26.6.3.2 Seed sequence requirements[rand.req.seedseq]
        • 26.6.3.3 Uniform random bit generator requirements[rand.req.urng]
        • 26.6.3.4 Random number engine requirements[rand.req.eng]
        • 26.6.3.5 Random number engine adaptor requirements[rand.req.adapt]
        • 26.6.3.6 Random number distribution requirements[rand.req.dist]
      • 26.6.4 Random number engine class templates[rand.eng]
        • 26.6.4.1 General[rand.eng.general]
        • 26.6.4.2 Class template linear_­congruential_­engine[rand.eng.lcong]
        • 26.6.4.3 Class template mersenne_­twister_­engine[rand.eng.mers]
        • 26.6.4.4 Class template subtract_­with_­carry_­engine[rand.eng.sub]
      • 26.6.5 Random number engine adaptor class templates[rand.adapt]
        • 26.6.5.1 In general[rand.adapt.general]
        • 26.6.5.2 Class template discard_­block_­engine[rand.adapt.disc]
        • 26.6.5.3 Class template independent_­bits_­engine[rand.adapt.ibits]
        • 26.6.5.4 Class template shuffle_­order_­engine[rand.adapt.shuf]
      • 26.6.6 Engines and engine adaptors with predefined parameters[rand.predef]
      • 26.6.7 Class random_­device[rand.device]
      • 26.6.8 Utilities[rand.util]
        • 26.6.8.1 Class seed_­seq[rand.util.seedseq]
        • 26.6.8.2 Function template generate_­canonical[rand.util.canonical]
      • 26.6.9 Random number distribution class templates[rand.dist]
        • 26.6.9.1 In general[rand.dist.general]
        • 26.6.9.2 Uniform distributions[rand.dist.uni]
          • 26.6.9.2.1 Class template uniform_­int_­distribution[rand.dist.uni.int]
          • 26.6.9.2.2 Class template uniform_­real_­distribution[rand.dist.uni.real]
        • 26.6.9.3 Bernoulli distributions[rand.dist.bern]
          • 26.6.9.3.1 Class bernoulli_­distribution[rand.dist.bern.bernoulli]
          • 26.6.9.3.2 Class template binomial_­distribution[rand.dist.bern.bin]
          • 26.6.9.3.3 Class template geometric_­distribution[rand.dist.bern.geo]
          • 26.6.9.3.4 Class template negative_­binomial_­distribution[rand.dist.bern.negbin]
        • 26.6.9.4 Poisson distributions[rand.dist.pois]
          • 26.6.9.4.1 Class template poisson_­distribution[rand.dist.pois.poisson]
          • 26.6.9.4.2 Class template exponential_­distribution[rand.dist.pois.exp]
          • 26.6.9.4.3 Class template gamma_­distribution[rand.dist.pois.gamma]
          • 26.6.9.4.4 Class template weibull_­distribution[rand.dist.pois.weibull]
          • 26.6.9.4.5 Class template extreme_­value_­distribution[rand.dist.pois.extreme]
        • 26.6.9.5 Normal distributions[rand.dist.norm]
          • 26.6.9.5.1 Class template normal_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.normal]
          • 26.6.9.5.2 Class template lognormal_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.lognormal]
          • 26.6.9.5.3 Class template chi_­squared_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.chisq]
          • 26.6.9.5.4 Class template cauchy_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.cauchy]
          • 26.6.9.5.5 Class template fisher_­f_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.f]
          • 26.6.9.5.6 Class template student_­t_­distribution[rand.dist.norm.t]
        • 26.6.9.6 Sampling distributions[rand.dist.samp]
          • 26.6.9.6.1 Class template discrete_­distribution[rand.dist.samp.discrete]
          • 26.6.9.6.2 Class template piecewise_­constant_­distribution[rand.dist.samp.pconst]
          • 26.6.9.6.3 Class template piecewise_­linear_­distribution[rand.dist.samp.plinear]
      • 26.6.10 Low-quality random number generation[c.math.rand]
    • 26.7 Numeric arrays[numarray]
      • 26.7.1 Header <valarray> synopsis[valarray.syn]
      • 26.7.2 Class template valarray[template.valarray]
        • 26.7.2.1 Overview[template.valarray.overview]
        • 26.7.2.2 Constructors[valarray.cons]
        • 26.7.2.3 Assignment[valarray.assign]
        • 26.7.2.4 Element access[valarray.access]
        • 26.7.2.5 Subset operations[valarray.sub]
        • 26.7.2.6 Unary operators[valarray.unary]
        • 26.7.2.7 Compound assignment[valarray.cassign]
        • 26.7.2.8 Member functions[valarray.members]
      • 26.7.3 valarray non-member operations[valarray.nonmembers]
        • 26.7.3.1 Binary operators[valarray.binary]
        • 26.7.3.2 Logical operators[valarray.comparison]
        • 26.7.3.3 Transcendentals[valarray.transcend]
        • 26.7.3.4 Specialized algorithms[valarray.special]
      • 26.7.4 Class slice[class.slice]
        • 26.7.4.1 Overview[class.slice.overview]
        • 26.7.4.2 Constructors[cons.slice]
        • 26.7.4.3 Access functions[slice.access]
        • 26.7.4.4 Operators[slice.ops]
      • 26.7.5 Class template slice_­array[template.slice.array]
        • 26.7.5.1 Overview[template.slice.array.overview]
        • 26.7.5.2 Assignment[slice.arr.assign]
        • 26.7.5.3 Compound assignment[slice.arr.comp.assign]
        • 26.7.5.4 Fill function[slice.arr.fill]
      • 26.7.6 The gslice class[class.gslice]
        • 26.7.6.1 Overview[class.gslice.overview]
        • 26.7.6.2 Constructors[gslice.cons]
        • 26.7.6.3 Access functions[gslice.access]
      • 26.7.7 Class template gslice_­array[template.gslice.array]
        • 26.7.7.1 Overview[template.gslice.array.overview]
        • 26.7.7.2 Assignment[gslice.array.assign]
        • 26.7.7.3 Compound assignment[gslice.array.comp.assign]
        • 26.7.7.4 Fill function[gslice.array.fill]
      • 26.7.8 Class template mask_­array[template.mask.array]
        • 26.7.8.1 Overview[template.mask.array.overview]
        • 26.7.8.2 Assignment[mask.array.assign]
        • 26.7.8.3 Compound assignment[mask.array.comp.assign]
        • 26.7.8.4 Fill function[mask.array.fill]
      • 26.7.9 Class template indirect_­array[template.indirect.array]
        • 26.7.9.1 Overview[template.indirect.array.overview]
        • 26.7.9.2 Assignment[indirect.array.assign]
        • 26.7.9.3 Compound assignment[indirect.array.comp.assign]
        • 26.7.9.4 Fill function[indirect.array.fill]
      • 26.7.10 valarray range access[valarray.range]
    • 26.8 Mathematical functions for floating-point types[c.math]
      • 26.8.1 Header <cmath> synopsis[cmath.syn]
      • 26.8.2 Absolute values[c.math.abs]
      • 26.8.3 Three-dimensional hypotenuse[c.math.hypot3]
      • 26.8.4 Linear interpolation[c.math.lerp]
      • 26.8.5 Classification / comparison functions[c.math.fpclass]
      • 26.8.6 Mathematical special functions[sf.cmath]
        • 26.8.6.1 General[sf.cmath.general]
        • 26.8.6.2 Associated Laguerre polynomials[sf.cmath.assoc.laguerre]
        • 26.8.6.3 Associated Legendre functions[sf.cmath.assoc.legendre]
        • 26.8.6.4 Beta function[sf.cmath.beta]
        • 26.8.6.5 Complete elliptic integral of the first kind[sf.cmath.comp.ellint.1]
        • 26.8.6.6 Complete elliptic integral of the second kind[sf.cmath.comp.ellint.2]
        • 26.8.6.7 Complete elliptic integral of the third kind[sf.cmath.comp.ellint.3]
        • 26.8.6.8 Regular modified cylindrical Bessel functions[sf.cmath.cyl.bessel.i]
        • 26.8.6.9 Cylindrical Bessel functions of the first kind[sf.cmath.cyl.bessel.j]
        • 26.8.6.10 Irregular modified cylindrical Bessel functions[sf.cmath.cyl.bessel.k]
        • 26.8.6.11 Cylindrical Neumann functions[sf.cmath.cyl.neumann]
        • 26.8.6.12 Incomplete elliptic integral of the first kind[sf.cmath.ellint.1]
        • 26.8.6.13 Incomplete elliptic integral of the second kind[sf.cmath.ellint.2]
        • 26.8.6.14 Incomplete elliptic integral of the third kind[sf.cmath.ellint.3]
        • 26.8.6.15 Exponential integral[sf.cmath.expint]
        • 26.8.6.16 Hermite polynomials[sf.cmath.hermite]
        • 26.8.6.17 Laguerre polynomials[sf.cmath.laguerre]
        • 26.8.6.18 Legendre polynomials[sf.cmath.legendre]
        • 26.8.6.19 Riemann zeta function[sf.cmath.riemann.zeta]
        • 26.8.6.20 Spherical Bessel functions of the first kind[sf.cmath.sph.bessel]
        • 26.8.6.21 Spherical associated Legendre functions[sf.cmath.sph.legendre]
        • 26.8.6.22 Spherical Neumann functions[sf.cmath.sph.neumann]
    • 26.9 Numbers[numbers]
      • 26.9.1 Header <numbers> synopsis[numbers.syn]
      • 26.9.2 Mathematical constants[math.constants]
  • 27 Time library[time]
    • 27.1 General[time.general]
    • 27.2 Header <chrono> synopsis[time.syn]
    • 27.3 Cpp17Clock requirements[time.clock.req]
    • 27.4 Time-related traits[time.traits]
      • 27.4.1 treat_­as_­floating_­point[time.traits.is.fp]
      • 27.4.2 duration_­values[time.traits.duration.values]
      • 27.4.3 Specializations of common_­type[time.traits.specializations]
      • 27.4.4 Class template is_­clock[time.traits.is.clock]
    • 27.5 Class template duration[time.duration]
      • 27.5.1 General[time.duration.general]
      • 27.5.2 Constructors[time.duration.cons]
      • 27.5.3 Observer[time.duration.observer]
      • 27.5.4 Arithmetic[time.duration.arithmetic]
      • 27.5.5 Special values[time.duration.special]
      • 27.5.6 Non-member arithmetic[time.duration.nonmember]
      • 27.5.7 Comparisons[time.duration.comparisons]
      • 27.5.8 Conversions[time.duration.cast]
      • 27.5.9 Suffixes for duration literals[time.duration.literals]
      • 27.5.10 Algorithms[time.duration.alg]
      • 27.5.11 I/O[time.duration.io]
    • 27.6 Class template time_­point[time.point]
      • 27.6.1 General[time.point.general]
      • 27.6.2 Constructors[time.point.cons]
      • 27.6.3 Observer[time.point.observer]
      • 27.6.4 Arithmetic[time.point.arithmetic]
      • 27.6.5 Special values[time.point.special]
      • 27.6.6 Non-member arithmetic[time.point.nonmember]
      • 27.6.7 Comparisons[time.point.comparisons]
      • 27.6.8 Conversions[time.point.cast]
    • 27.7 Clocks[time.clock]
      • 27.7.1 General[time.clock.general]
      • 27.7.2 Class system_­clock[time.clock.system]
        • 27.7.2.1 Overview[time.clock.system.overview]
        • 27.7.2.2 Members[time.clock.system.members]
        • 27.7.2.3 Non-member functions[time.clock.system.nonmembers]
      • 27.7.3 Class utc_­clock[time.clock.utc]
        • 27.7.3.1 Overview[time.clock.utc.overview]
        • 27.7.3.2 Member functions[time.clock.utc.members]
        • 27.7.3.3 Non-member functions[time.clock.utc.nonmembers]
      • 27.7.4 Class tai_­clock[time.clock.tai]
        • 27.7.4.1 Overview[time.clock.tai.overview]
        • 27.7.4.2 Member functions[time.clock.tai.members]
        • 27.7.4.3 Non-member functions[time.clock.tai.nonmembers]
      • 27.7.5 Class gps_­clock[time.clock.gps]
        • 27.7.5.1 Overview[time.clock.gps.overview]
        • 27.7.5.2 Member functions[time.clock.gps.members]
        • 27.7.5.3 Non-member functions[time.clock.gps.nonmembers]
      • 27.7.6 Type file_­clock[time.clock.file]
        • 27.7.6.1 Overview[time.clock.file.overview]
        • 27.7.6.2 Member functions[time.clock.file.members]
        • 27.7.6.3 Non-member functions[time.clock.file.nonmembers]
      • 27.7.7 Class steady_­clock[time.clock.steady]
      • 27.7.8 Class high_­resolution_­clock[time.clock.hires]
      • 27.7.9 Local time[time.clock.local]
      • 27.7.10 time_­point conversions[time.clock.cast]
        • 27.7.10.1 Class template clock_­time_­conversion[time.clock.conv]
        • 27.7.10.2 Identity conversions[time.clock.cast.id]
        • 27.7.10.3 Conversions between system_­clock and utc_­clock[time.clock.cast.sys.utc]
        • 27.7.10.4 Conversions between system_­clock and other clocks[time.clock.cast.sys]
        • 27.7.10.5 Conversions between utc_­clock and other clocks[time.clock.cast.utc]
        • 27.7.10.6 Function template clock_­cast[time.clock.cast.fn]
    • 27.8 The civil calendar[time.cal]
      • 27.8.1 In general[time.cal.general]
      • 27.8.2 Class last_­spec[time.cal.last]
      • 27.8.3 Class day[time.cal.day]
        • 27.8.3.1 Overview[time.cal.day.overview]
        • 27.8.3.2 Member functions[time.cal.day.members]
        • 27.8.3.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.day.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.4 Class month[time.cal.month]
        • 27.8.4.1 Overview[time.cal.month.overview]
        • 27.8.4.2 Member functions[time.cal.month.members]
        • 27.8.4.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.month.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.5 Class year[time.cal.year]
        • 27.8.5.1 Overview[time.cal.year.overview]
        • 27.8.5.2 Member functions[time.cal.year.members]
        • 27.8.5.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.year.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.6 Class weekday[time.cal.wd]
        • 27.8.6.1 Overview[time.cal.wd.overview]
        • 27.8.6.2 Member functions[time.cal.wd.members]
        • 27.8.6.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.wd.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.7 Class weekday_­indexed[time.cal.wdidx]
        • 27.8.7.1 Overview[time.cal.wdidx.overview]
        • 27.8.7.2 Member functions[time.cal.wdidx.members]
        • 27.8.7.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.wdidx.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.8 Class weekday_­last[time.cal.wdlast]
        • 27.8.8.1 Overview[time.cal.wdlast.overview]
        • 27.8.8.2 Member functions[time.cal.wdlast.members]
        • 27.8.8.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.wdlast.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.9 Class month_­day[time.cal.md]
        • 27.8.9.1 Overview[time.cal.md.overview]
        • 27.8.9.2 Member functions[time.cal.md.members]
        • 27.8.9.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.md.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.10 Class month_­day_­last[time.cal.mdlast]
      • 27.8.11 Class month_­weekday[time.cal.mwd]
        • 27.8.11.1 Overview[time.cal.mwd.overview]
        • 27.8.11.2 Member functions[time.cal.mwd.members]
        • 27.8.11.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.mwd.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.12 Class month_­weekday_­last[time.cal.mwdlast]
        • 27.8.12.1 Overview[time.cal.mwdlast.overview]
        • 27.8.12.2 Member functions[time.cal.mwdlast.members]
        • 27.8.12.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.mwdlast.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.13 Class year_­month[time.cal.ym]
        • 27.8.13.1 Overview[time.cal.ym.overview]
        • 27.8.13.2 Member functions[time.cal.ym.members]
        • 27.8.13.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.ym.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.14 Class year_­month_­day[time.cal.ymd]
        • 27.8.14.1 Overview[time.cal.ymd.overview]
        • 27.8.14.2 Member functions[time.cal.ymd.members]
        • 27.8.14.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.ymd.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.15 Class year_­month_­day_­last[time.cal.ymdlast]
        • 27.8.15.1 Overview[time.cal.ymdlast.overview]
        • 27.8.15.2 Member functions[time.cal.ymdlast.members]
        • 27.8.15.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.ymdlast.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.16 Class year_­month_­weekday[time.cal.ymwd]
        • 27.8.16.1 Overview[time.cal.ymwd.overview]
        • 27.8.16.2 Member functions[time.cal.ymwd.members]
        • 27.8.16.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.ymwd.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.17 Class year_­month_­weekday_­last[time.cal.ymwdlast]
        • 27.8.17.1 Overview[time.cal.ymwdlast.overview]
        • 27.8.17.2 Member functions[time.cal.ymwdlast.members]
        • 27.8.17.3 Non-member functions[time.cal.ymwdlast.nonmembers]
      • 27.8.18 Conventional syntax operators[time.cal.operators]
    • 27.9 Class template hh_­mm_­ss[time.hms]
      • 27.9.1 Overview[time.hms.overview]
      • 27.9.2 Members[time.hms.members]
      • 27.9.3 Non-members[time.hms.nonmembers]
    • 27.10 12/24 hours functions[time.12]
    • 27.11 Time zones[time.zone]
      • 27.11.1 In general[time.zone.general]
      • 27.11.2 Time zone database[time.zone.db]
        • 27.11.2.1 Class tzdb[time.zone.db.tzdb]
        • 27.11.2.2 Class tzdb_­list[time.zone.db.list]
        • 27.11.2.3 Time zone database access[time.zone.db.access]
        • 27.11.2.4 Remote time zone database support[time.zone.db.remote]
      • 27.11.3 Exception classes[time.zone.exception]
        • 27.11.3.1 Class nonexistent_­local_­time[time.zone.exception.nonexist]
        • 27.11.3.2 Class ambiguous_­local_­time[time.zone.exception.ambig]
      • 27.11.4 Information classes[time.zone.info]
        • 27.11.4.1 Class sys_­info[time.zone.info.sys]
        • 27.11.4.2 Class local_­info[time.zone.info.local]
      • 27.11.5 Class time_­zone[time.zone.timezone]
        • 27.11.5.1 Overview[time.zone.overview]
        • 27.11.5.2 Member functions[time.zone.members]
        • 27.11.5.3 Non-member functions[time.zone.nonmembers]
      • 27.11.6 Class template zoned_­traits[time.zone.zonedtraits]
      • 27.11.7 Class template zoned_­time[time.zone.zonedtime]
        • 27.11.7.1 Overview[time.zone.zonedtime.overview]
        • 27.11.7.2 Constructors[time.zone.zonedtime.ctor]
        • 27.11.7.3 Member functions[time.zone.zonedtime.members]
        • 27.11.7.4 Non-member functions[time.zone.zonedtime.nonmembers]
      • 27.11.8 Class leap_­second[time.zone.leap]
        • 27.11.8.1 Overview[time.zone.leap.overview]
        • 27.11.8.2 Member functions[time.zone.leap.members]
        • 27.11.8.3 Non-member functions[time.zone.leap.nonmembers]
      • 27.11.9 Class time_­zone_­link[time.zone.link]
        • 27.11.9.1 Overview[time.zone.link.overview]
        • 27.11.9.2 Member functions[time.zone.link.members]
        • 27.11.9.3 Non-member functions[time.zone.link.nonmembers]
    • 27.12 Formatting[time.format]
    • 27.13 Parsing[time.parse]
    • 27.14 Header <ctime> synopsis[ctime.syn]
  • 28 Localization library[localization]
    • 28.1 General[localization.general]
    • 28.2 Header <locale> synopsis[locale.syn]
    • 28.3 Locales[locales]
      • 28.3.1 Class locale[locale]
        • 28.3.1.1 General[locale.general]
        • 28.3.1.2 Types[locale.types]
          • 28.3.1.2.1 Type locale​::​category[locale.category]
          • 28.3.1.2.2 Class locale​::​facet[locale.facet]
          • 28.3.1.2.3 Class locale​::​id[locale.id]
        • 28.3.1.3 Constructors and destructor[locale.cons]
        • 28.3.1.4 Members[locale.members]
        • 28.3.1.5 Operators[locale.operators]
        • 28.3.1.6 Static members[locale.statics]
      • 28.3.2 locale globals[locale.global.templates]
      • 28.3.3 Convenience interfaces[locale.convenience]
        • 28.3.3.1 Character classification[classification]
        • 28.3.3.2 Character conversions[conversions.character]
    • 28.4 Standard locale categories[locale.categories]
      • 28.4.1 General[locale.categories.general]
      • 28.4.2 The ctype category[category.ctype]
        • 28.4.2.1 General[category.ctype.general]
        • 28.4.2.2 Class template ctype[locale.ctype]
          • 28.4.2.2.1 General[locale.ctype.general]
          • 28.4.2.2.2 ctype members[locale.ctype.members]
          • 28.4.2.2.3 ctype virtual functions[locale.ctype.virtuals]
        • 28.4.2.3 Class template ctype_­byname[locale.ctype.byname]
        • 28.4.2.4 ctype<char> specialization[facet.ctype.special]
          • 28.4.2.4.1 General[facet.ctype.special.general]
          • 28.4.2.4.2 Destructor[facet.ctype.char.dtor]
          • 28.4.2.4.3 Members[facet.ctype.char.members]
          • 28.4.2.4.4 Static members[facet.ctype.char.statics]
          • 28.4.2.4.5 Virtual functions[facet.ctype.char.virtuals]
        • 28.4.2.5 Class template codecvt[locale.codecvt]
          • 28.4.2.5.1 General[locale.codecvt.general]
          • 28.4.2.5.2 Members[locale.codecvt.members]
          • 28.4.2.5.3 Virtual functions[locale.codecvt.virtuals]
        • 28.4.2.6 Class template codecvt_­byname[locale.codecvt.byname]
      • 28.4.3 The numeric category[category.numeric]
        • 28.4.3.1 General[category.numeric.general]
        • 28.4.3.2 Class template num_­get[locale.num.get]
          • 28.4.3.2.1 General[locale.num.get.general]
          • 28.4.3.2.2 Members[facet.num.get.members]
          • 28.4.3.2.3 Virtual functions[facet.num.get.virtuals]
        • 28.4.3.3 Class template num_­put[locale.nm.put]
          • 28.4.3.3.1 General[locale.nm.put.general]
          • 28.4.3.3.2 Members[facet.num.put.members]
          • 28.4.3.3.3 Virtual functions[facet.num.put.virtuals]
      • 28.4.4 The numeric punctuation facet[facet.numpunct]
        • 28.4.4.1 Class template numpunct[locale.numpunct]
          • 28.4.4.1.1 General[locale.numpunct.general]
          • 28.4.4.1.2 Members[facet.numpunct.members]
          • 28.4.4.1.3 Virtual functions[facet.numpunct.virtuals]
        • 28.4.4.2 Class template numpunct_­byname[locale.numpunct.byname]
      • 28.4.5 The collate category[category.collate]
        • 28.4.5.1 Class template collate[locale.collate]
          • 28.4.5.1.1 General[locale.collate.general]
          • 28.4.5.1.2 Members[locale.collate.members]
          • 28.4.5.1.3 Virtual functions[locale.collate.virtuals]
        • 28.4.5.2 Class template collate_­byname[locale.collate.byname]
      • 28.4.6 The time category[category.time]
        • 28.4.6.1 General[category.time.general]
        • 28.4.6.2 Class template time_­get[locale.time.get]
          • 28.4.6.2.1 General[locale.time.get.general]
          • 28.4.6.2.2 Members[locale.time.get.members]
          • 28.4.6.2.3 Virtual functions[locale.time.get.virtuals]
        • 28.4.6.3 Class template time_­get_­byname[locale.time.get.byname]
        • 28.4.6.4 Class template time_­put[locale.time.put]
          • 28.4.6.4.1 Members[locale.time.put.members]
          • 28.4.6.4.2 Virtual functions[locale.time.put.virtuals]
        • 28.4.6.5 Class template time_­put_­byname[locale.time.put.byname]
      • 28.4.7 The monetary category[category.monetary]
        • 28.4.7.1 General[category.monetary.general]
        • 28.4.7.2 Class template money_­get[locale.money.get]
          • 28.4.7.2.1 Members[locale.money.get.members]
          • 28.4.7.2.2 Virtual functions[locale.money.get.virtuals]
        • 28.4.7.3 Class template money_­put[locale.money.put]
          • 28.4.7.3.1 Members[locale.money.put.members]
          • 28.4.7.3.2 Virtual functions[locale.money.put.virtuals]
        • 28.4.7.4 Class template moneypunct[locale.moneypunct]
          • 28.4.7.4.1 General[locale.moneypunct.general]
          • 28.4.7.4.2 Members[locale.moneypunct.members]
          • 28.4.7.4.3 Virtual functions[locale.moneypunct.virtuals]
        • 28.4.7.5 Class template moneypunct_­byname[locale.moneypunct.byname]
      • 28.4.8 The message retrieval category[category.messages]
        • 28.4.8.1 General[category.messages.general]
        • 28.4.8.2 Class template messages[locale.messages]
          • 28.4.8.2.1 General[locale.messages.general]
          • 28.4.8.2.2 Members[locale.messages.members]
          • 28.4.8.2.3 Virtual functions[locale.messages.virtuals]
        • 28.4.8.3 Class template messages_­byname[locale.messages.byname]
    • 28.5 C library locales[c.locales]
      • 28.5.1 Header <clocale> synopsis[clocale.syn]
      • 28.5.2 Data races[clocale.data.races]
  • 29 Input/output library[input.output]
    • 29.1 General[input.output.general]
    • 29.2 Iostreams requirements[iostreams.requirements]
      • 29.2.1 Imbue limitations[iostream.limits.imbue]
      • 29.2.2 Positioning type limitations[iostreams.limits.pos]
      • 29.2.3 Thread safety[iostreams.threadsafety]
    • 29.3 Forward declarations[iostream.forward]
      • 29.3.1 Header <iosfwd> synopsis[iosfwd.syn]
      • 29.3.2 Overview[iostream.forward.overview]
    • 29.4 Standard iostream objects[iostream.objects]
      • 29.4.1 Header <iostream> synopsis[iostream.syn]
      • 29.4.2 Overview[iostream.objects.overview]
      • 29.4.3 Narrow stream objects[narrow.stream.objects]
      • 29.4.4 Wide stream objects[wide.stream.objects]
    • 29.5 Iostreams base classes[iostreams.base]
      • 29.5.1 Header <ios> synopsis[ios.syn]
      • 29.5.2 Types[stream.types]
      • 29.5.3 Class ios_­base[ios.base]
        • 29.5.3.1 General[ios.base.general]
        • 29.5.3.2 Types[ios.types]
          • 29.5.3.2.1 Class ios_­base​::​failure[ios.failure]
          • 29.5.3.2.2 Type ios_­base​::​fmtflags[ios.fmtflags]
          • 29.5.3.2.3 Type ios_­base​::​iostate[ios.iostate]
          • 29.5.3.2.4 Type ios_­base​::​openmode[ios.openmode]
          • 29.5.3.2.5 Type ios_­base​::​seekdir[ios.seekdir]
          • 29.5.3.2.6 Class ios_­base​::​Init[ios.init]
        • 29.5.3.3 State functions[fmtflags.state]
        • 29.5.3.4 Functions[ios.base.locales]
        • 29.5.3.5 Static members[ios.members.static]
        • 29.5.3.6 Storage functions[ios.base.storage]
        • 29.5.3.7 Callbacks[ios.base.callback]
        • 29.5.3.8 Constructors and destructor[ios.base.cons]
      • 29.5.4 Class template fpos[fpos]
        • 29.5.4.1 Members[fpos.members]
        • 29.5.4.2 Requirements[fpos.operations]
      • 29.5.5 Class template basic_­ios[ios]
        • 29.5.5.1 Overview[ios.overview]
        • 29.5.5.2 Constructors[basic.ios.cons]
        • 29.5.5.3 Member functions[basic.ios.members]
        • 29.5.5.4 Flags functions[iostate.flags]
      • 29.5.6 ios_­base manipulators[std.ios.manip]
        • 29.5.6.1 fmtflags manipulators[fmtflags.manip]
        • 29.5.6.2 adjustfield manipulators[adjustfield.manip]
        • 29.5.6.3 basefield manipulators[basefield.manip]
        • 29.5.6.4 floatfield manipulators[floatfield.manip]
      • 29.5.7 Error reporting[error.reporting]
    • 29.6 Stream buffers[stream.buffers]
      • 29.6.1 Header <streambuf> synopsis[streambuf.syn]
      • 29.6.2 Stream buffer requirements[streambuf.reqts]
      • 29.6.3 Class template basic_­streambuf[streambuf]
        • 29.6.3.1 General[streambuf.general]
        • 29.6.3.2 Constructors[streambuf.cons]
        • 29.6.3.3 Public member functions[streambuf.members]
          • 29.6.3.3.1 Locales[streambuf.locales]
          • 29.6.3.3.2 Buffer management and positioning[streambuf.buffer]
          • 29.6.3.3.3 Get area[streambuf.pub.get]
          • 29.6.3.3.4 Putback[streambuf.pub.pback]
          • 29.6.3.3.5 Put area[streambuf.pub.put]
        • 29.6.3.4 Protected member functions[streambuf.protected]
          • 29.6.3.4.1 Assignment[streambuf.assign]
          • 29.6.3.4.2 Get area access[streambuf.get.area]
          • 29.6.3.4.3 Put area access[streambuf.put.area]
        • 29.6.3.5 Virtual functions[streambuf.virtuals]
          • 29.6.3.5.1 Locales[streambuf.virt.locales]
          • 29.6.3.5.2 Buffer management and positioning[streambuf.virt.buffer]
          • 29.6.3.5.3 Get area[streambuf.virt.get]
          • 29.6.3.5.4 Putback[streambuf.virt.pback]
          • 29.6.3.5.5 Put area[streambuf.virt.put]
    • 29.7 Formatting and manipulators[iostream.format]
      • 29.7.1 Header <istream> synopsis[istream.syn]
      • 29.7.2 Header <ostream> synopsis[ostream.syn]
      • 29.7.3 Header <iomanip> synopsis[iomanip.syn]
      • 29.7.4 Input streams[input.streams]
        • 29.7.4.1 General[input.streams.general]
        • 29.7.4.2 Class template basic_­istream[istream]
          • 29.7.4.2.1 General[istream.general]
          • 29.7.4.2.2 Constructors[istream.cons]
          • 29.7.4.2.3 Assignment and swap[istream.assign]
          • 29.7.4.2.4 Class basic_­istream​::​sentry[istream.sentry]
        • 29.7.4.3 Formatted input functions[istream.formatted]
          • 29.7.4.3.1 Common requirements[istream.formatted.reqmts]
          • 29.7.4.3.2 Arithmetic extractors[istream.formatted.arithmetic]
          • 29.7.4.3.3 basic_­istream​::​operator>>[istream.extractors]
        • 29.7.4.4 Unformatted input functions[istream.unformatted]
        • 29.7.4.5 Standard basic_­istream manipulators[istream.manip]
        • 29.7.4.6 Rvalue stream extraction[istream.rvalue]
        • 29.7.4.7 Class template basic_­iostream[iostreamclass]
          • 29.7.4.7.1 General[iostreamclass.general]
          • 29.7.4.7.2 Constructors[iostream.cons]
          • 29.7.4.7.3 Destructor[iostream.dest]
          • 29.7.4.7.4 Assignment and swap[iostream.assign]
      • 29.7.5 Output streams[output.streams]
        • 29.7.5.1 General[output.streams.general]
        • 29.7.5.2 Class template basic_­ostream[ostream]
          • 29.7.5.2.1 General[ostream.general]
          • 29.7.5.2.2 Constructors[ostream.cons]
          • 29.7.5.2.3 Assignment and swap[ostream.assign]
          • 29.7.5.2.4 Class basic_­ostream​::​sentry[ostream.sentry]
          • 29.7.5.2.5 Seek members[ostream.seeks]
        • 29.7.5.3 Formatted output functions[ostream.formatted]
          • 29.7.5.3.1 Common requirements[ostream.formatted.reqmts]
          • 29.7.5.3.2 Arithmetic inserters[ostream.inserters.arithmetic]
          • 29.7.5.3.3 basic_­ostream​::​operator<<[ostream.inserters]
          • 29.7.5.3.4 Character inserter function templates[ostream.inserters.character]
        • 29.7.5.4 Unformatted output functions[ostream.unformatted]
        • 29.7.5.5 Standard manipulators[ostream.manip]
        • 29.7.5.6 Rvalue stream insertion[ostream.rvalue]
      • 29.7.6 Standard manipulators[std.manip]
      • 29.7.7 Extended manipulators[ext.manip]
      • 29.7.8 Quoted manipulators[quoted.manip]
    • 29.8 String-based streams[string.streams]
      • 29.8.1 Header <sstream> synopsis[sstream.syn]
      • 29.8.2 Class template basic_­stringbuf[stringbuf]
        • 29.8.2.1 General[stringbuf.general]
        • 29.8.2.2 Constructors[stringbuf.cons]
        • 29.8.2.3 Assignment and swap[stringbuf.assign]
        • 29.8.2.4 Member functions[stringbuf.members]
        • 29.8.2.5 Overridden virtual functions[stringbuf.virtuals]
      • 29.8.3 Class template basic_­istringstream[istringstream]
        • 29.8.3.1 General[istringstream.general]
        • 29.8.3.2 Constructors[istringstream.cons]
        • 29.8.3.3 Assignment and swap[istringstream.assign]
        • 29.8.3.4 Member functions[istringstream.members]
      • 29.8.4 Class template basic_­ostringstream[ostringstream]
        • 29.8.4.1 General[ostringstream.general]
        • 29.8.4.2 Constructors[ostringstream.cons]
        • 29.8.4.3 Assignment and swap[ostringstream.assign]
        • 29.8.4.4 Member functions[ostringstream.members]
      • 29.8.5 Class template basic_­stringstream[stringstream]
        • 29.8.5.1 General[stringstream.general]
        • 29.8.5.2 Constructors[stringstream.cons]
        • 29.8.5.3 Assignment and swap[stringstream.assign]
        • 29.8.5.4 Member functions[stringstream.members]
    • 29.9 File-based streams[file.streams]
      • 29.9.1 Header <fstream> synopsis[fstream.syn]
      • 29.9.2 Class template basic_­filebuf[filebuf]
        • 29.9.2.1 General[filebuf.general]
        • 29.9.2.2 Constructors[filebuf.cons]
        • 29.9.2.3 Assignment and swap[filebuf.assign]
        • 29.9.2.4 Member functions[filebuf.members]
        • 29.9.2.5 Overridden virtual functions[filebuf.virtuals]
      • 29.9.3 Class template basic_­ifstream[ifstream]
        • 29.9.3.1 General[ifstream.general]
        • 29.9.3.2 Constructors[ifstream.cons]
        • 29.9.3.3 Assignment and swap[ifstream.assign]
        • 29.9.3.4 Member functions[ifstream.members]
      • 29.9.4 Class template basic_­ofstream[ofstream]
        • 29.9.4.1 General[ofstream.general]
        • 29.9.4.2 Constructors[ofstream.cons]
        • 29.9.4.3 Assignment and swap[ofstream.assign]
        • 29.9.4.4 Member functions[ofstream.members]
      • 29.9.5 Class template basic_­fstream[fstream]
        • 29.9.5.1 General[fstream.general]
        • 29.9.5.2 Constructors[fstream.cons]
        • 29.9.5.3 Assignment and swap[fstream.assign]
        • 29.9.5.4 Member functions[fstream.members]
    • 29.10 Synchronized output streams[syncstream]
      • 29.10.1 Header <syncstream> synopsis[syncstream.syn]
      • 29.10.2 Class template basic_­syncbuf[syncstream.syncbuf]
        • 29.10.2.1 Overview[syncstream.syncbuf.overview]
        • 29.10.2.2 Construction and destruction[syncstream.syncbuf.cons]
        • 29.10.2.3 Assignment and swap[syncstream.syncbuf.assign]
        • 29.10.2.4 Member functions[syncstream.syncbuf.members]
        • 29.10.2.5 Overridden virtual functions[syncstream.syncbuf.virtuals]
        • 29.10.2.6 Specialized algorithms[syncstream.syncbuf.special]
      • 29.10.3 Class template basic_­osyncstream[syncstream.osyncstream]
        • 29.10.3.1 Overview[syncstream.osyncstream.overview]
        • 29.10.3.2 Construction and destruction[syncstream.osyncstream.cons]
        • 29.10.3.3 Member functions[syncstream.osyncstream.members]
    • 29.11 File systems[filesystems]
      • 29.11.1 General[fs.general]
      • 29.11.2 Conformance[fs.conformance]
        • 29.11.2.1 General[fs.conformance.general]
        • 29.11.2.2 POSIX conformance[fs.conform.9945]
        • 29.11.2.3 Operating system dependent behavior conformance[fs.conform.os]
        • 29.11.2.4 File system race behavior[fs.race.behavior]
      • 29.11.3 Requirements[fs.req]
        • 29.11.3.1 General[fs.req.general]
        • 29.11.3.2 Namespaces and headers[fs.req.namespace]
      • 29.11.4 Header <filesystem> synopsis[fs.filesystem.syn]
      • 29.11.5 Error reporting[fs.err.report]
      • 29.11.6 Class path[fs.class.path]
        • 29.11.6.1 General[fs.class.path.general]
        • 29.11.6.2 Generic pathname format[fs.path.generic]
        • 29.11.6.3 Conversions[fs.path.cvt]
          • 29.11.6.3.1 Argument format conversions[fs.path.fmt.cvt]
          • 29.11.6.3.2 Type and encoding conversions[fs.path.type.cvt]
        • 29.11.6.4 Requirements[fs.path.req]
        • 29.11.6.5 Members[fs.path.member]
          • 29.11.6.5.1 Constructors[fs.path.construct]
          • 29.11.6.5.2 Assignments[fs.path.assign]
          • 29.11.6.5.3 Appends[fs.path.append]
          • 29.11.6.5.4 Concatenation[fs.path.concat]
          • 29.11.6.5.5 Modifiers[fs.path.modifiers]
          • 29.11.6.5.6 Native format observers[fs.path.native.obs]
          • 29.11.6.5.7 Generic format observers[fs.path.generic.obs]
          • 29.11.6.5.8 Compare[fs.path.compare]
          • 29.11.6.5.9 Decomposition[fs.path.decompose]
          • 29.11.6.5.10 Query[fs.path.query]
          • 29.11.6.5.11 Generation[fs.path.gen]
        • 29.11.6.6 Iterators[fs.path.itr]
        • 29.11.6.7 Inserter and extractor[fs.path.io]
        • 29.11.6.8 Non-member functions[fs.path.nonmember]
      • 29.11.7 Class filesystem_­error[fs.class.filesystem.error]
        • 29.11.7.1 General[fs.class.filesystem.error.general]
        • 29.11.7.2 Members[fs.filesystem.error.members]
      • 29.11.8 Enumerations[fs.enum]
        • 29.11.8.1 Enum path​::​format[fs.enum.path.format]
        • 29.11.8.2 Enum class file_­type[fs.enum.file.type]
        • 29.11.8.3 Enum class copy_­options[fs.enum.copy.opts]
        • 29.11.8.4 Enum class perms[fs.enum.perms]
        • 29.11.8.5 Enum class perm_­options[fs.enum.perm.opts]
        • 29.11.8.6 Enum class directory_­options[fs.enum.dir.opts]
      • 29.11.9 Class file_­status[fs.class.file.status]
        • 29.11.9.1 General[fs.class.file.status.general]
        • 29.11.9.2 Constructors[fs.file.status.cons]
        • 29.11.9.3 Observers[fs.file.status.obs]
        • 29.11.9.4 Modifiers[fs.file.status.mods]
      • 29.11.10 Class directory_­entry[fs.class.directory.entry]
        • 29.11.10.1 General[fs.class.directory.entry.general]
        • 29.11.10.2 Constructors[fs.dir.entry.cons]
        • 29.11.10.3 Modifiers[fs.dir.entry.mods]
        • 29.11.10.4 Observers[fs.dir.entry.obs]
      • 29.11.11 Class directory_­iterator[fs.class.directory.iterator]
        • 29.11.11.1 General[fs.class.directory.iterator.general]
        • 29.11.11.2 Members[fs.dir.itr.members]
        • 29.11.11.3 Non-member functions[fs.dir.itr.nonmembers]
      • 29.11.12 Class recursive_­directory_­iterator[fs.class.rec.dir.itr]
        • 29.11.12.1 General[fs.class.rec.dir.itr.general]
        • 29.11.12.2 Members[fs.rec.dir.itr.members]
        • 29.11.12.3 Non-member functions[fs.rec.dir.itr.nonmembers]
      • 29.11.13 Filesystem operation functions[fs.op.funcs]
        • 29.11.13.1 General[fs.op.funcs.general]
        • 29.11.13.2 Absolute[fs.op.absolute]
        • 29.11.13.3 Canonical[fs.op.canonical]
        • 29.11.13.4 Copy[fs.op.copy]
        • 29.11.13.5 Copy file[fs.op.copy.file]
        • 29.11.13.6 Copy symlink[fs.op.copy.symlink]
        • 29.11.13.7 Create directories[fs.op.create.directories]
        • 29.11.13.8 Create directory[fs.op.create.directory]
        • 29.11.13.9 Create directory symlink[fs.op.create.dir.symlk]
        • 29.11.13.10 Create hard link[fs.op.create.hard.lk]
        • 29.11.13.11 Create symlink[fs.op.create.symlink]
        • 29.11.13.12 Current path[fs.op.current.path]
        • 29.11.13.13 Equivalent[fs.op.equivalent]
        • 29.11.13.14 Exists[fs.op.exists]
        • 29.11.13.15 File size[fs.op.file.size]
        • 29.11.13.16 Hard link count[fs.op.hard.lk.ct]
        • 29.11.13.17 Is block file[fs.op.is.block.file]
        • 29.11.13.18 Is character file[fs.op.is.char.file]
        • 29.11.13.19 Is directory[fs.op.is.directory]
        • 29.11.13.20 Is empty[fs.op.is.empty]
        • 29.11.13.21 Is fifo[fs.op.is.fifo]
        • 29.11.13.22 Is other[fs.op.is.other]
        • 29.11.13.23 Is regular file[fs.op.is.regular.file]
        • 29.11.13.24 Is socket[fs.op.is.socket]
        • 29.11.13.25 Is symlink[fs.op.is.symlink]
        • 29.11.13.26 Last write time[fs.op.last.write.time]
        • 29.11.13.27 Permissions[fs.op.permissions]
        • 29.11.13.28 Proximate[fs.op.proximate]
        • 29.11.13.29 Read symlink[fs.op.read.symlink]
        • 29.11.13.30 Relative[fs.op.relative]
        • 29.11.13.31 Remove[fs.op.remove]
        • 29.11.13.32 Remove all[fs.op.remove.all]
        • 29.11.13.33 Rename[fs.op.rename]
        • 29.11.13.34 Resize file[fs.op.resize.file]
        • 29.11.13.35 Space[fs.op.space]
        • 29.11.13.36 Status[fs.op.status]
        • 29.11.13.37 Status known[fs.op.status.known]
        • 29.11.13.38 Symlink status[fs.op.symlink.status]
        • 29.11.13.39 Temporary directory path[fs.op.temp.dir.path]
        • 29.11.13.40 Weakly canonical[fs.op.weakly.canonical]
    • 29.12 C library files[c.files]
      • 29.12.1 Header <cstdio> synopsis[cstdio.syn]
      • 29.12.2 Header <cinttypes> synopsis[cinttypes.syn]
  • 30 Regular expressions library[re]
    • 30.1 General[re.general]
    • 30.2 Requirements[re.req]
    • 30.3 Header <regex> synopsis[re.syn]
    • 30.4 Namespace std​::​regex_­constants[re.const]
      • 30.4.1 General[re.const.general]
      • 30.4.2 Bitmask type syntax_­option_­type[re.synopt]
      • 30.4.3 Bitmask type match_­flag_­type[re.matchflag]
      • 30.4.4 Implementation-defined error_­type[re.err]
    • 30.5 Class regex_­error[re.badexp]
    • 30.6 Class template regex_­traits[re.traits]
    • 30.7 Class template basic_­regex[re.regex]
      • 30.7.1 General[re.regex.general]
      • 30.7.2 Constructors[re.regex.construct]
      • 30.7.3 Assignment[re.regex.assign]
      • 30.7.4 Constant operations[re.regex.operations]
      • 30.7.5 Locale[re.regex.locale]
      • 30.7.6 Swap[re.regex.swap]
      • 30.7.7 Non-member functions[re.regex.nonmemb]
    • 30.8 Class template sub_­match[re.submatch]
      • 30.8.1 General[re.submatch.general]
      • 30.8.2 Members[re.submatch.members]
      • 30.8.3 Non-member operators[re.submatch.op]
    • 30.9 Class template match_­results[re.results]
      • 30.9.1 General[re.results.general]
      • 30.9.2 Constructors[re.results.const]
      • 30.9.3 State[re.results.state]
      • 30.9.4 Size[re.results.size]
      • 30.9.5 Element access[re.results.acc]
      • 30.9.6 Formatting[re.results.form]
      • 30.9.7 Allocator[re.results.all]
      • 30.9.8 Swap[re.results.swap]
      • 30.9.9 Non-member functions[re.results.nonmember]
    • 30.10 Regular expression algorithms[re.alg]
      • 30.10.1 Exceptions[re.except]
      • 30.10.2 regex_­match[re.alg.match]
      • 30.10.3 regex_­search[re.alg.search]
      • 30.10.4 regex_­replace[re.alg.replace]
    • 30.11 Regular expression iterators[re.iter]
      • 30.11.1 Class template regex_­iterator[re.regiter]
        • 30.11.1.1 General[re.regiter.general]
        • 30.11.1.2 Constructors[re.regiter.cnstr]
        • 30.11.1.3 Comparisons[re.regiter.comp]
        • 30.11.1.4 Indirection[re.regiter.deref]
        • 30.11.1.5 Increment[re.regiter.incr]
      • 30.11.2 Class template regex_­token_­iterator[re.tokiter]
        • 30.11.2.1 General[re.tokiter.general]
        • 30.11.2.2 Constructors[re.tokiter.cnstr]
        • 30.11.2.3 Comparisons[re.tokiter.comp]
        • 30.11.2.4 Indirection[re.tokiter.deref]
        • 30.11.2.5 Increment[re.tokiter.incr]
    • 30.12 Modified ECMAScript regular expression grammar[re.grammar]
  • 31 Atomic operations library[atomics]
    • 31.1 General[atomics.general]
    • 31.2 Header <atomic> synopsis[atomics.syn]
    • 31.3 Type aliases[atomics.alias]
    • 31.4 Order and consistency[atomics.order]
    • 31.5 Lock-free property[atomics.lockfree]
    • 31.6 Waiting and notifying[atomics.wait]
    • 31.7 Class template atomic_­ref[atomics.ref.generic]
      • 31.7.1 General[atomics.ref.generic.general]
      • 31.7.2 Operations[atomics.ref.ops]
      • 31.7.3 Specializations for integral types[atomics.ref.int]
      • 31.7.4 Specializations for floating-point types[atomics.ref.float]
      • 31.7.5 Partial specialization for pointers[atomics.ref.pointer]
      • 31.7.6 Member operators common to integers and pointers to objects[atomics.ref.memop]
    • 31.8 Class template atomic[atomics.types.generic]
      • 31.8.1 General[atomics.types.generic.general]
      • 31.8.2 Operations on atomic types[atomics.types.operations]
      • 31.8.3 Specializations for integers[atomics.types.int]
      • 31.8.4 Specializations for floating-point types[atomics.types.float]
      • 31.8.5 Partial specialization for pointers[atomics.types.pointer]
      • 31.8.6 Member operators common to integers and pointers to objects[atomics.types.memop]
      • 31.8.7 Partial specializations for smart pointers[util.smartptr.atomic]
        • 31.8.7.1 General[util.smartptr.atomic.general]
        • 31.8.7.2 Partial specialization for shared_­ptr[util.smartptr.atomic.shared]
        • 31.8.7.3 Partial specialization for weak_­ptr[util.smartptr.atomic.weak]
    • 31.9 Non-member functions[atomics.nonmembers]
    • 31.10 Flag type and operations[atomics.flag]
    • 31.11 Fences[atomics.fences]
  • 32 Thread support library[thread]
    • 32.1 General[thread.general]
    • 32.2 Requirements[thread.req]
      • 32.2.1 Template parameter names[thread.req.paramname]
      • 32.2.2 Exceptions[thread.req.exception]
      • 32.2.3 Native handles[thread.req.native]
      • 32.2.4 Timing specifications[thread.req.timing]
      • 32.2.5 Requirements for Cpp17Lockable types[thread.req.lockable]
        • 32.2.5.1 In general[thread.req.lockable.general]
        • 32.2.5.2 Cpp17BasicLockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.basic]
        • 32.2.5.3 Cpp17Lockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.req]
        • 32.2.5.4 Cpp17TimedLockable requirements[thread.req.lockable.timed]
    • 32.3 Stop tokens[thread.stoptoken]
      • 32.3.1 Introduction[thread.stoptoken.intro]
      • 32.3.2 Header <stop_­token> synopsis[thread.stoptoken.syn]
      • 32.3.3 Class stop_­token[stoptoken]
        • 32.3.3.1 General[stoptoken.general]
        • 32.3.3.2 Constructors, copy, and assignment[stoptoken.cons]
        • 32.3.3.3 Members[stoptoken.mem]
        • 32.3.3.4 Non-member functions[stoptoken.nonmembers]
      • 32.3.4 Class stop_­source[stopsource]
        • 32.3.4.1 General[stopsource.general]
        • 32.3.4.2 Constructors, copy, and assignment[stopsource.cons]
        • 32.3.4.3 Members[stopsource.mem]
        • 32.3.4.4 Non-member functions[stopsource.nonmembers]
      • 32.3.5 Class template stop_­callback[stopcallback]
        • 32.3.5.1 General[stopcallback.general]
        • 32.3.5.2 Constructors and destructor[stopcallback.cons]
    • 32.4 Threads[thread.threads]
      • 32.4.1 General[thread.threads.general]
      • 32.4.2 Header <thread> synopsis[thread.syn]
      • 32.4.3 Class thread[thread.thread.class]
        • 32.4.3.1 General[thread.thread.class.general]
        • 32.4.3.2 Class thread​::​id[thread.thread.id]
        • 32.4.3.3 Constructors[thread.thread.constr]
        • 32.4.3.4 Destructor[thread.thread.destr]
        • 32.4.3.5 Assignment[thread.thread.assign]
        • 32.4.3.6 Members[thread.thread.member]
        • 32.4.3.7 Static members[thread.thread.static]
        • 32.4.3.8 Specialized algorithms[thread.thread.algorithm]
      • 32.4.4 Class jthread[thread.jthread.class]
        • 32.4.4.1 General[thread.jthread.class.general]
        • 32.4.4.2 Constructors, move, and assignment[thread.jthread.cons]
        • 32.4.4.3 Members[thread.jthread.mem]
        • 32.4.4.4 Stop token handling[thread.jthread.stop]
        • 32.4.4.5 Specialized algorithms[thread.jthread.special]
        • 32.4.4.6 Static members[thread.jthread.static]
      • 32.4.5 Namespace this_­thread[thread.thread.this]
    • 32.5 Mutual exclusion[thread.mutex]
      • 32.5.1 General[thread.mutex.general]
      • 32.5.2 Header <mutex> synopsis[mutex.syn]
      • 32.5.3 Header <shared_­mutex> synopsis[shared.mutex.syn]
      • 32.5.4 Mutex requirements[thread.mutex.requirements]
        • 32.5.4.1 In general[thread.mutex.requirements.general]
        • 32.5.4.2 Mutex types[thread.mutex.requirements.mutex]
          • 32.5.4.2.1 General[thread.mutex.requirements.mutex.general]
          • 32.5.4.2.2 Class mutex[thread.mutex.class]
          • 32.5.4.2.3 Class recursive_­mutex[thread.mutex.recursive]
        • 32.5.4.3 Timed mutex types[thread.timedmutex.requirements]
          • 32.5.4.3.1 General[thread.timedmutex.requirements.general]
          • 32.5.4.3.2 Class timed_­mutex[thread.timedmutex.class]
          • 32.5.4.3.3 Class recursive_­timed_­mutex[thread.timedmutex.recursive]
        • 32.5.4.4 Shared mutex types[thread.sharedmutex.requirements]
          • 32.5.4.4.1 General[thread.sharedmutex.requirements.general]
          • 32.5.4.4.2 Class shared_­mutex[thread.sharedmutex.class]
        • 32.5.4.5 Shared timed mutex types[thread.sharedtimedmutex.requirements]
          • 32.5.4.5.1 General[thread.sharedtimedmutex.requirements.general]
          • 32.5.4.5.2 Class shared_­timed_­mutex[thread.sharedtimedmutex.class]
      • 32.5.5 Locks[thread.lock]
        • 32.5.5.1 General[thread.lock.general]
        • 32.5.5.2 Class template lock_­guard[thread.lock.guard]
        • 32.5.5.3 Class template scoped_­lock[thread.lock.scoped]
        • 32.5.5.4 Class template unique_­lock[thread.lock.unique]
          • 32.5.5.4.1 General[thread.lock.unique.general]
          • 32.5.5.4.2 Constructors, destructor, and assignment[thread.lock.unique.cons]
          • 32.5.5.4.3 Locking[thread.lock.unique.locking]
          • 32.5.5.4.4 Modifiers[thread.lock.unique.mod]
          • 32.5.5.4.5 Observers[thread.lock.unique.obs]
        • 32.5.5.5 Class template shared_­lock[thread.lock.shared]
          • 32.5.5.5.1 General[thread.lock.shared.general]
          • 32.5.5.5.2 Constructors, destructor, and assignment[thread.lock.shared.cons]
          • 32.5.5.5.3 Locking[thread.lock.shared.locking]
          • 32.5.5.5.4 Modifiers[thread.lock.shared.mod]
          • 32.5.5.5.5 Observers[thread.lock.shared.obs]
      • 32.5.6 Generic locking algorithms[thread.lock.algorithm]
      • 32.5.7 Call once[thread.once]
        • 32.5.7.1 Struct once_­flag[thread.once.onceflag]
        • 32.5.7.2 Function call_­once[thread.once.callonce]
    • 32.6 Condition variables[thread.condition]
      • 32.6.1 General[thread.condition.general]
      • 32.6.2 Header <condition_­variable> synopsis[condition.variable.syn]
      • 32.6.3 Non-member functions[thread.condition.nonmember]
      • 32.6.4 Class condition_­variable[thread.condition.condvar]
      • 32.6.5 Class condition_­variable_­any[thread.condition.condvarany]
        • 32.6.5.1 General[thread.condition.condvarany.general]
        • 32.6.5.2 Noninterruptible waits[thread.condvarany.wait]
        • 32.6.5.3 Interruptible waits[thread.condvarany.intwait]
    • 32.7 Semaphore[thread.sema]
      • 32.7.1 General[thread.sema.general]
      • 32.7.2 Header <semaphore> synopsis[semaphore.syn]
      • 32.7.3 Class template counting_­semaphore[thread.sema.cnt]
    • 32.8 Coordination types[thread.coord]
      • 32.8.1 General[thread.coord.general]
      • 32.8.2 Latches[thread.latch]
        • 32.8.2.1 General[thread.latch.general]
        • 32.8.2.2 Header <latch> synopsis[latch.syn]
        • 32.8.2.3 Class latch[thread.latch.class]
      • 32.8.3 Barriers[thread.barrier]
        • 32.8.3.1 General[thread.barrier.general]
        • 32.8.3.2 Header <barrier> synopsis[barrier.syn]
        • 32.8.3.3 Class template barrier[thread.barrier.class]
    • 32.9 Futures[futures]
      • 32.9.1 Overview[futures.overview]
      • 32.9.2 Header <future> synopsis[future.syn]
      • 32.9.3 Error handling[futures.errors]
      • 32.9.4 Class future_­error[futures.future.error]
      • 32.9.5 Shared state[futures.state]
      • 32.9.6 Class template promise[futures.promise]
      • 32.9.7 Class template future[futures.unique.future]
      • 32.9.8 Class template shared_­future[futures.shared.future]
      • 32.9.9 Function template async[futures.async]
      • 32.9.10 Class template packaged_­task[futures.task]
        • 32.9.10.1 General[futures.task.general]
        • 32.9.10.2 Member functions[futures.task.members]
        • 32.9.10.3 Globals[futures.task.nonmembers]
  • Annex A (informative) Grammar summary[gram]
    • A.1 General[gram.general]
    • A.2 Keywords[gram.key]
    • A.3 Lexical conventions[gram.lex]
    • A.4 Basics[gram.basic]
    • A.5 Expressions[gram.expr]
    • A.6 Statements[gram.stmt]
    • A.7 Declarations[gram.dcl]
    • A.8 Modules[gram.module]
    • A.9 Classes[gram.class]
    • A.10 Overloading[gram.over]
    • A.11 Templates[gram.temp]
    • A.12 Exception handling[gram.except]
    • A.13 Preprocessing directives[gram.cpp]
  • Annex B (normative) Implementation quantities[implimits]
  • Annex C (informative) Compatibility[diff]
    • C.1 C++ and ISO C++ 2017[diff.cpp17]
      • C.1.1 General[diff.cpp17.general]
      • C.1.2 [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.cpp17.lex]
      • C.1.3 [basic]: basics[diff.cpp17.basic]
      • C.1.4 [expr]: expressions[diff.cpp17.expr]
      • C.1.5 [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.cpp17.dcl.dcl]
      • C.1.6 [class]: classes[diff.cpp17.class]
      • C.1.7 [over]: overloading[diff.cpp17.over]
      • C.1.8 [temp]: templates[diff.cpp17.temp]
      • C.1.9 [except]: exception handling[diff.cpp17.except]
      • C.1.10 [library]: library introduction[diff.cpp17.library]
      • C.1.11 [containers]: containers library[diff.cpp17.containers]
      • C.1.12 [iterators]: iterators library[diff.cpp17.iterators]
      • C.1.13 [algorithms]: algorithms library[diff.cpp17.alg.reqs]
      • C.1.14 [input.output]: input/output library[diff.cpp17.input.output]
      • C.1.15 [depr]: compatibility features[diff.cpp17.depr]
    • C.2 C++ and ISO C++ 2014[diff.cpp14]
      • C.2.1 General[diff.cpp14.general]
      • C.2.2 [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.cpp14.lex]
      • C.2.3 [expr]: expressions[diff.cpp14.expr]
      • C.2.4 [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.cpp14.dcl.dcl]
      • C.2.5 [class]: classes[diff.cpp14.class]
      • C.2.6 [temp]: templates[diff.cpp14.temp]
      • C.2.7 [except]: exception handling[diff.cpp14.except]
      • C.2.8 [library]: library introduction[diff.cpp14.library]
      • C.2.9 [utilities]: general utilities library[diff.cpp14.utilities]
      • C.2.10 [strings]: strings library[diff.cpp14.string]
      • C.2.11 [containers]: containers library[diff.cpp14.containers]
      • C.2.12 [depr]: compatibility features[diff.cpp14.depr]
    • C.3 C++ and ISO C++ 2011[diff.cpp11]
      • C.3.1 General[diff.cpp11.general]
      • C.3.2 [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.cpp11.lex]
      • C.3.3 [basic]: basics[diff.cpp11.basic]
      • C.3.4 [expr]: expressions[diff.cpp11.expr]
      • C.3.5 [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.cpp11.dcl.dcl]
      • C.3.6 [library]: library introduction[diff.cpp11.library]
      • C.3.7 [input.output]: input/output library[diff.cpp11.input.output]
    • C.4 C++ and ISO C++ 2003[diff.cpp03]
      • C.4.1 General[diff.cpp03.general]
      • C.4.2 [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.cpp03.lex]
      • C.4.3 [expr]: expressions[diff.cpp03.expr]
      • C.4.4 [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.cpp03.dcl.dcl]
      • C.4.5 [class]: classes[diff.cpp03.class]
      • C.4.6 [temp]: templates[diff.cpp03.temp]
      • C.4.7 [library]: library introduction[diff.cpp03.library]
      • C.4.8 [support]: language support library[diff.cpp03.language.support]
      • C.4.9 [diagnostics]: diagnostics library[diff.cpp03.diagnostics]
      • C.4.10 [utilities]: general utilities library[diff.cpp03.utilities]
      • C.4.11 [strings]: strings library[diff.cpp03.strings]
      • C.4.12 [containers]: containers library[diff.cpp03.containers]
      • C.4.13 [algorithms]: algorithms library[diff.cpp03.algorithms]
      • C.4.14 [numerics]: numerics library[diff.cpp03.numerics]
      • C.4.15 [input.output]: input/output library[diff.cpp03.input.output]
    • C.5 C++ and ISO C[diff.iso]
      • C.5.1 General[diff.iso.general]
      • C.5.2 [lex]: lexical conventions[diff.lex]
      • C.5.3 [basic]: basics[diff.basic]
      • C.5.4 [expr]: expressions[diff.expr]
      • C.5.5 [stmt.stmt]: statements[diff.stat]
      • C.5.6 [dcl.dcl]: declarations[diff.dcl]
      • C.5.7 [class]: classes[diff.class]
      • C.5.8 [cpp]: preprocessing directives[diff.cpp]
    • C.6 C standard library[diff.library]
      • C.6.1 General[diff.library.general]
      • C.6.2 Modifications to headers[diff.mods.to.headers]
      • C.6.3 Modifications to definitions[diff.mods.to.definitions]
        • C.6.3.1 Types char16_­t and char32_­t[diff.char16]
        • C.6.3.2 Type wchar_­t[diff.wchar.t]
        • C.6.3.3 Header <assert.h>[diff.header.assert.h]
        • C.6.3.4 Header <iso646.h>[diff.header.iso646.h]
        • C.6.3.5 Header <stdalign.h>[diff.header.stdalign.h]
        • C.6.3.6 Header <stdbool.h>[diff.header.stdbool.h]
        • C.6.3.7 Macro NULL[diff.null]
      • C.6.4 Modifications to declarations[diff.mods.to.declarations]
      • C.6.5 Modifications to behavior[diff.mods.to.behavior]
        • C.6.5.1 General[diff.mods.to.behavior.general]
        • C.6.5.2 Macro offsetof(type, member-designator)[diff.offsetof]
        • C.6.5.3 Memory allocation functions[diff.malloc]
  • Annex D (normative) Compatibility features[depr]
    • D.1 General[depr.general]
    • D.2 Arithmetic conversion on enumerations[depr.arith.conv.enum]
    • D.3 Implicit capture of *this by reference[depr.capture.this]
    • D.4 Comma operator in subscript expressions[depr.comma.subscript]
    • D.5 Array comparisons[depr.array.comp]
    • D.6 Deprecated volatile types[depr.volatile.type]
    • D.7 Redeclaration of static constexpr data members[depr.static.constexpr]
    • D.8 Non-local use of TU-local entities[depr.local]
    • D.9 Implicit declaration of copy functions[depr.impldec]
    • D.10 C headers[depr.c.headers]
      • D.10.1 General[depr.c.headers.general]
      • D.10.2 Header <complex.h> synopsis[depr.complex.h.syn]
      • D.10.3 Header <iso646.h> synopsis[depr.iso646.h.syn]
      • D.10.4 Header <stdalign.h> synopsis[depr.stdalign.h.syn]
      • D.10.5 Header <stdbool.h> synopsis[depr.stdbool.h.syn]
      • D.10.6 Header <tgmath.h> synopsis[depr.tgmath.h.syn]
      • D.10.7 Other C headers[depr.c.headers.other]
    • D.11 Requires paragraph[depr.res.on.required]
    • D.12 Relational operators[depr.relops]
    • D.13 char* streams[depr.str.strstreams]
      • D.13.1 Header <strstream> synopsis[depr.strstream.syn]
      • D.13.2 Class strstreambuf[depr.strstreambuf]
        • D.13.2.1 General[depr.strstreambuf.general]
        • D.13.2.2 strstreambuf constructors[depr.strstreambuf.cons]
        • D.13.2.3 Member functions[depr.strstreambuf.members]
        • D.13.2.4 strstreambuf overridden virtual functions[depr.strstreambuf.virtuals]
      • D.13.3 Class istrstream[depr.istrstream]
        • D.13.3.1 General[depr.istrstream.general]
        • D.13.3.2 istrstream constructors[depr.istrstream.cons]
        • D.13.3.3 Member functions[depr.istrstream.members]
      • D.13.4 Class ostrstream[depr.ostrstream]
        • D.13.4.1 General[depr.ostrstream.general]
        • D.13.4.2 ostrstream constructors[depr.ostrstream.cons]
        • D.13.4.3 Member functions[depr.ostrstream.members]
      • D.13.5 Class strstream[depr.strstream]
        • D.13.5.1 General[depr.strstream.general]
        • D.13.5.2 strstream constructors[depr.strstream.cons]
        • D.13.5.3 strstream destructor[depr.strstream.dest]
        • D.13.5.4 strstream operations[depr.strstream.oper]
    • D.14 Deprecated type traits[depr.meta.types]
    • D.15 Tuple[depr.tuple]
    • D.16 Variant[depr.variant]
    • D.17 Deprecated iterator class template[depr.iterator]
    • D.18 Deprecated move_­iterator access[depr.move.iter.elem]
    • D.19 Deprecated shared_­ptr atomic access[depr.util.smartptr.shared.atomic]
    • D.20 Deprecated basic_­string capacity[depr.string.capacity]
    • D.21 Deprecated standard code conversion facets[depr.locale.stdcvt]
      • D.21.1 General[depr.locale.stdcvt.general]
      • D.21.2 Header <codecvt> synopsis[depr.codecvt.syn]
      • D.21.3 Requirements[depr.locale.stdcvt.req]
    • D.22 Deprecated convenience conversion interfaces[depr.conversions]
      • D.22.1 General[depr.conversions.general]
      • D.22.2 Class template wstring_­convert[depr.conversions.string]
      • D.22.3 Class template wbuffer_­convert[depr.conversions.buffer]
    • D.23 Deprecated locale category facets[depr.locale.category]
    • D.24 Deprecated filesystem path factory functions[depr.fs.path.factory]
    • D.25 Deprecated atomic operations[depr.atomics]
      • D.25.1 General[depr.atomics.general]
      • D.25.2 Volatile access[depr.atomics.volatile]
      • D.25.3 Non-member functions[depr.atomics.nonmembers]
      • D.25.4 Operations on atomic types[depr.atomics.types.operations]
      • D.25.5 Flag type and operations[depr.atomics.flag]
  • Index[generalindex]
  • Index of grammar productions[grammarindex]
  • Index of library headers[headerindex]
  • Index of library names[libraryindex]
  • Index of library concepts[conceptindex]
  • Index of implementation-defined behavior[impldefindex]

[edit]